Human Development Report 2013 - UNDP

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table 6 Command over resourcesGDPGDP percapitaECONOMYGross fixed capitalformationConsumerPrice IndexPUBLIC SPENDINGGeneral government finalconsumption expenditure Health Education Military a Total debt service(2005 PPP$ billions) (2005 PPP $) (% of GDP) (2005 = 100) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)HDI rank 2011 2011 2011 2010 2000 2011 2010 2010 2000 2005–2010 b 2000 2010 2000 2009120 Honduras 27.7 3,566 22.2 139 13.4 17.1 3.0 4.4 .. .. 0.7 1.1 5.5 3.4121 Indonesia 992.1 4,094 32.4 146 6.5 4.5 0.7 1.3 .. 3.0 .. 0.7 10.1 4.1121 Kiribati 0.2 2,220 .. .. .. .. 7.5 9.3 11.0 .. .. .. .. ..121 South Africa 489.6 9,678 18.9 140 18.1 21.5 3.4 3.9 5.6 6.0 1.5 1.3 2.9 1.4124 Vanuatu 1.0 4,062 .. 119 20.8 .. 2.7 4.8 7.0 5.2 .. .. 0.7 0.9125 Kyrgyzstan 11.7 2,126 24.8 167 20.0 19.1 2.1 3.5 3.5 6.2 2.9 4.4 12.6 11.6125 Tajikistan 14.3 2,052 18.7 170 8.3 28.9 0.9 1.6 2.3 4.0 1.2 .. 7.3 12.1127 Viet Nam 264.6 3,013 31.9 167 6.4 5.7 1.6 2.6 .. 5.3 .. 2.5 4.2 1.3128 Namibia 13.9 5,986 26.5 141 23.5 21.6 4.2 4.0 7.9 8.1 2.7 3.9 .. ..129 Nicaragua 15.1 2,579 29.7 159 12.2 10.1 3.7 4.9 3.9 .. 0.8 0.7 7.3 7.9130 Morocco 143.5 4,373 30.6 111 18.4 15.4 1.2 2.0 5.8 5.4 2.3 3.5 7.3 3.6131 Iraq 112.5 3,412 .. 171 .. .. 0.4 6.8 .. .. .. 2.4 .. ..132 Cape Verde 1.8 3,616 36.5 121 30.7 20.7 3.4 3.1 .. 5.6 1.3 0.5 3.0 2.2133 Guatemala 64.2 4,351 14.6 134 7.0 10.5 2.2 2.5 .. 3.2 0.8 0.4 2.0 3.8134 Timor-Leste 1.6 1,393 .. 134 35.2 .. 6.3 5.1 .. 14.0 .. 4.9 .. ..135 Ghana 41.3 1,652 21.8 189 10.2 8.5 3.0 3.1 .. 5.5 0.7 0.4 7.8 1.0136 Equatorial Guinea 23.1 32,026 60.1 d 129 4.6 3.9 d 1.0 3.4 0.7 .. .. .. .. ..136 India 3,976.5 3,203 29.5 152 12.6 11.7 1.3 1.2 4.4 3.1 3.1 2.7 2.3 1.2138 Cambodia 29.8 2,080 16.2 c 148 5.2 6.3 c 1.3 2.1 1.7 2.6 2.2 1.6 0.9 0.6138 Lao People’s Democratic Republic 15.5 2,464 27.4 127 6.7 9.8 1.0 1.5 1.5 3.3 0.8 0.3 2.3 4.3140 Bhutan 3.8 5,096 41.3 d 134 20.4 21.4 d 5.3 4.5 5.8 4.0 .. .. 1.6 5.6141 Swaziland 5.7 5,349 10.4 144 18.2 19.4 3.3 4.2 5.5 7.4 1.5 3.0 2.0 1.1Low human development142 Congo 16.1 3,885 23.4 130 11.6 9.7 1.2 1.1 .. 6.2 .. 1.1 1.4 1.6143 Solomon Islands 1.4 2,581 .. 152 25.2 .. 4.8 8.0 .. 6.1 .. .. 2.1 3.0144 Sao Tome and Principe 0.3 1,805 .. 260 .. .. 3.6 2.7 .. .. .. .. .. 0.8145 Kenya 62.7 1,507 24.3 180 15.1 13.3 1.9 2.1 5.2 6.7 1.3 1.9 4.7 1.2146 Bangladesh 236.0 1,568 24.7 145 4.6 5.5 1.1 1.2 2.4 2.2 1.3 1.1 1.6 1.0146 Pakistan 428.4 2,424 11.8 181 8.6 8.2 0.6 0.8 1.8 2.4 3.7 2.8 3.9 2.5148 Angola 102.0 5,201 10.7 186 .. 17.7 1.9 2.4 2.6 3.4 6.4 4.2 18.7 2.8149 Myanmar .. .. .. 225 .. .. 0.3 0.2 0.6 .. 2.3 .. .. ..150 Cameroon 41.9 2,090 .. 117 9.5 .. 1.0 1.5 1.9 3.5 1.3 1.6 5.5 0.9151 Madagascar 18.2 853 33.0 d 159 9.0 11.6 d 2.5 2.3 2.9 3.2 1.2 0.7 3.0 0.6152 Tanzania, United Republic of 59.8 1,334 28.1 151 11.7 18.2 1.6 4.0 .. 6.2 1.5 1.2 1.6 0.9153 Nigeria 360.8 2,221 .. 161 .. .. 1.5 1.9 .. .. 0.8 1.0 4.0 0.2154 Senegal 22.2 1,737 30.7 115 12.8 8.8 1.6 3.1 3.2 5.6 1.3 1.6 4.8 2.3155 Mauritania 8.0 2,255 25.9 133 20.2 12.3 3.1 2.3 .. 4.3 3.5 3.8 6.4 3.0156 Papua New Guinea 16.6 2,363 14.8 130 16.6 8.4 3.3 2.6 .. .. 0.9 0.4 8.6 8.6157 Nepal 33.6 1,102 21.2 155 8.9 9.6 1.3 1.8 3.0 4.7 0.8 1.4 1.9 1.2158 Lesotho 3.3 1,504 34.9 141 41.7 32.6 3.4 8.5 11.8 13.0 4.0 3.1 8.2 1.6159 Togo 5.6 914 19.4 116 10.5 .. 1.4 3.4 4.4 4.5 .. 1.7 2.3 1.1160 Yemen 51.1 2,060 11.7 c 167 13.6 11.8 c 2.4 1.3 9.7 5.2 4.4 3.9 e 2.5 0.8161 Haiti 10.5 1,034 .. 150 7.8 .. 1.7 1.5 .. .. 0.0 0.0 .. 2.0161 Uganda 41.0 1,188 24.4 150 14.5 11.3 1.8 2.0 2.5 3.2 2.5 1.6 1.2 0.4163 Zambia 19.2 1,423 21.3 167 9.5 11.6 2.9 3.6 2.0 1.3 .. 1.7 5.7 0.9164 Djibouti .. 2,087 d .. 129 29.7 .. 3.9 4.7 9.7 8.4 5.1 3.7 e 2.4 ..165 Gambia 3.3 1,873 17.5 123 11.2 9.9 1.9 2.9 2.7 5.0 1.0 0.6 2.7 1.9166 Benin 13.0 1,428 27.4 119 11.6 .. 1.9 2.0 3.3 4.5 0.6 1.0 e 3.3 0.6167 Rwanda 12.0 1,097 21.0 c 155 11.0 15.5 c 1.7 5.2 4.1 4.7 3.5 1.3 2.1 0.3168 Côte d’Ivoire 31.9 1,581 16.4 114 7.2 9.1 1.3 1.1 3.8 4.6 .. 1.6 9.8 1.7169 Comoros 0.7 980 12.4 d 118 11.7 15.3 d 1.5 3.0 .. 7.6 .. .. 1.6 0.8170 Malawi 12.4 805 20.8 156 14.6 15.7 2.8 4.0 5.2 5.7 0.7 1.1 3.6 0.4171 Sudan 83.8 1,878 24.7 166 7.6 17.7 0.9 1.9 .. .. 4.5 3.4 2.0 0.7172 Zimbabwe .. .. 6.5 .. 24.3 18.3 0.0 .. .. 2.5 4.7 1.3 6.3 1.5173 Ethiopia 83.0 979 19.0 223 17.9 9.0 2.3 2.6 3.9 4.7 7.5 0.9 1.7 0.6174 Liberia 2.1 506 33.3 162 7.5 20.2 1.3 3.9 .. 2.8 .. 0.9 0.1 0.6175 Afghanistan 37.2 c 1,083 c 16.3 c 141 .. 10.7 c 2.3 0.9 .. .. .. 3.8 .. 0.1176 Guinea-Bissau 1.7 1,097 .. 119 14.0 .. 1.0 0.9 .. .. 4.4 .. 2.4 2.1177 Sierra Leone 4.6 769 14.9 163 14.3 11.1 1.1 1.5 4.9 4.3 3.7 1.2 7.3 0.6178 Burundi 4.6 533 18.4 163 15.5 26.3 2.1 4.4 3.2 9.2 6.0 3.8 e 2.6 0.2178 Guinea 10.1 990 20.0 c 237 6.8 7.5 c 0.7 0.6 2.5 2.4 1.5 .. 5.0 1.8164 | Human Development Report 2013
Human Development Report 2013The Rise of the South Human Progress in a Diverse WorldECONOMYPUBLIC SPENDINGGDPGDP percapitaGross fixed capitalformationConsumerPrice IndexGeneral government finalconsumption expenditure Health Education Military a Total debt service(2005 PPP$ billions) (2005 PPP $) (% of GDP) (2005 = 100) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)HDI rank 2011 2011 2011 2010 2000 2011 2010 2010 2000 2005–2010 b 2000 2010 2000 2009180 Central African Republic 3.2 716 10.8 d 124 14.0 4.5 d 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.2 .. 2.6 1.5 0.1181 Eritrea 2.8 516 .. .. 63.8 .. 2.5 1.3 3.2 2.1 32.7 .. 0.5 1.1182 Mali 15.3 964 .. 116 8.6 .. 2.1 2.3 3.6 4.5 2.2 1.9 3.8 0.6183 Burkina Faso 19.5 1,149 .. 115 20.8 .. 2.0 3.4 .. 4.0 1.2 1.3 1.8 0.6184 Chad 15.5 1,343 31.8 c 117 7.7 13.2 c 2.7 1.1 2.6 2.8 1.9 2.7 1.8 0.9185 Mozambique 20.6 861 24.3 157 9.0 12.3 4.2 3.7 .. 5.0 1.3 0.9 d 2.3 1.0186 Congo, Democratic Republic of the 22.3 329 28.7 d .. 7.5 7.6 d 0.1 3.4 .. 2.5 1.0 1.3 0.6 2.0186 Niger 10.3 642 .. 117 13.0 .. 1.8 2.6 3.2 3.8 1.2 0.9 1.4 0.5Other countries or territoriesKorea, Democratic People’s Rep. of .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Marshall Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. 19.8 15.0 14.6 .. .. .. .. ..Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.8 3.8 1.3 1.2 .. .. .. ..Nauru .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..San Marino .. .. .. 114 .. .. 6.5 6.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..South Sudan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. 12.3 14.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Human Development Index groupsVery high human development 37,231.3 32,931 18.4 — 16.7 19.4 6.0 8.2 4.5 5.1 2.2 2.7 .. ..High human development 11,740.8 11,572 21.4 — 15.5 15.8 2.9 3.6 .. 4.7 2.8 2.7 8.1 4.7Medium human development 18,095.7 5,203 38.4 — 13.9 12.4 1.8 2.4 .. 3.6 2.2 2.0 3.7 1.6Low human development 1,948.5 1,623 18.4 — 10.1 11.1 1.4 1.8 .. 3.5 2.5 2.0 3.9 1.3RegionsArab States 2,808.0 8,104 24.3 — 19.2 15.4 2.4 2.6 .. 3.9 6.8 5.5 .. ..East Asia and the Pacific 12,580.2 6,616 .. — .. .. 1.7 2.5 .. .. .. .. .. ..Europe and Central Asia 5,946.1 12,458 22.5 — 15.7 15.4 3.7 4.3 .. 4.1 2.8 2.7 6.8 8.3Latin America and the Caribbean 6,046.4 10,429 20.1 — 14.7 16.1 3.2 3.8 4.3 5.3 1.4 1.4 8.9 2.8South Asia 5,586.1 3,241 27.6 — 11.8 10.9 1.3 1.2 4.0 3.2 3.2 2.5 2.6 1.3Sub-Saharan Africa 1,691.4 2,094 20.8 — 15.9 16.9 2.5 3.0 .. 5.2 1.9 1.5 4.1 1.2Least developed countries 1,065.9 1,346 .. — 9.7 .. 1.7 2.2 .. 3.7 .. 2.2 3.1 1.3Small island developing states 223.2 5,340 .. — 17.3 .. 3.6 3.0 .. .. .. .. .. ..World 69,016.4 10,103 22.3 — 16.3 17.5 5.3 6.5 .. 4.9 2.3 2.6 .. ..NOTESa For country-specific footnotes, see the StockholmInternational Peace Research Institute’s MilitaryExpenditure database at www.sipri.org/research/armaments/milex/milex_database.b Data refer to the most recent year availableduring the period specified.c Refers to 2010.d Refers to 2009.e Refers to 2008.DEFINITIONSGross domestic product (GDP): Sum of grossvalue added by all resident producers in theeconomy plus any product taxes and minus anysubsidies not included in the value of the products,expressed in 2005 international dollars usingpurchasing power parity rates.GDP per capita: Sum of gross value added by allresident producers in the economy plus any producttaxes and minus any subsidies not included in thevalue of the products, expressed in internationaldollars using purchasing power parity rates anddivided by total population during the same period.Gross fixed capital formation: Value of acquisitionsof new or existing fixed assets by the businesssector, governments and households (excludingtheir unincorporated enterprises) less disposals offixed assets, expressed as a percentage of GDP. Noadjustment is made for depreciation of fixed assets.Consumer Price Index: An index that reflectschanges in the cost to the average consumer ofacquiring a basket of goods and services that may befixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly.General government final consumptionexpenditure: All government current expendituresfor purchases of goods and services (includingcompensation of employees and most expenditureson national defense and security but excludinggovernment military expenditures that are partof government capital formation), expressed as apercentage of GDP.Public spending on health: Current andcapital spending from government (central andlocal) budgets, external borrowings and grants(including donations from international agenciesand nongovernmental organizations), and social (orcompulsory) health insurance funds, expressed as apercentage of GDP.Public spending on education: Total publicexpenditure (current and capital) on education,expressed as a percentage of GDP.Public spending on the military: All expendituresof the defense ministry and other ministries onrecruiting and training military personnel and on theconstruction and purchase of military supplies andequipment, expressed as a percentage of GDP.Total debt service: Sum of principal repaymentsand interest actually paid in foreign currency,goods, or services on long-term debt, interest paidon short-term debt, and repayments (repurchasesand charges) to the International Monetary Fund,expressed as a percentage of GDP.MAIN DATA SOURCESColumns 1–10: World Bank (2012a).Columns 11 and 12: SIPRI (2012).Columns 13 and 14: HDRO calculations based ondata on total debt service as a percentage of GNIfrom World Bank (2012a).Table 6 Command over resources | 165
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WNSEHuman DevelopmentReport 2013The
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Human Development Report 2013The Ri
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Human Development Report 2013 TeamD
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Finally, the Report also calls for
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Heather Simpson, Ben Slay, Mounir T
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3.6 India’s Supreme Court issues
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OverviewOne of the most heartening
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and sustainability are fully incorp
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Without investment in people, retur
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opportunity to reap the full benefi
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Woods institutions, the United Nati
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IntroductionWhen developed economie
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leading economies—Brazil, China a
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comparable access to information, e
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mobile phones: cellular banking is
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“The political problem ofmankind
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BOX 1.1Fairness, macroeconomics and
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BOX 1.3Amartya Sen, Nobel Laureate
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FIGURE 1.1Income per capita is risi
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BOX 1.4Subjective indicators of wel
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FIGURE 1.4There is notable variatio
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FIGURE 1.6Most regions show declini
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Progress in humandevelopment achiev
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BOX 1.7Social competencies: human d
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TABLE 1.3Inequality and satisfactio
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Not all countries havethe precondit
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“When the music changes,so does t
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BOX 2.1The South’s integration wi
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FIGURE 2.1As a share of world merch
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BOX 2.2Acquisitions by the South of
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FIGURE 2.3Between 2000 and 2010, In
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FIGURE 2.4Export earnings per capit
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BOX 2.6Final assembly is about more
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Instead of having a centreof indust
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FIGURE 2.6Emerging market economies
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Developing countriestrade more amon
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“We cannot expect thatall nations
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TABLE 3.1Selected developing countr
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A common featureof countries thatha
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More important thangetting prices r
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BOX 3.5Eastern Europe and Central A
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States have to beconscious that the
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As countries develop,they tend to d
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Having weathered theAsian financial
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Providing publicservices that contr
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Advancing health requiresmore than
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Universal public healthand educatio
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• China. The Minimum Livelihood G
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“Each generation will reap whatth
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concerns will make for a complex en
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A greater emphasison education cans
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FIGURE 4.1Under the fast track scen
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Around the worldpeople are calling
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FIGURE 4.4Different environmental s
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FIGURE 4.5Education policies can al
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BOX 4.2China and Ghana: who benefit
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FIGURE 4.8countries thus converge t
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“Let us join hands to try tocreat
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Areas of globalinternational concer
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Addressing climatechange requires t
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International governanceis increasi
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BOX 5.2Jo Leinen, Member of the Eur
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Page 137 and 138: NotesOverview1 Atsmon and others 20
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