APJEditor’s Note: PIREP is aviation shorthand for pilot report. It’s a means for one pilot to passon current, potentially useful information to other pilots. In the same fashion, we intend to usethis department to let readers know about air and space power items of interest.Joint <strong>Air</strong>space Management andDeconflictionA Chance to Trade in a Stovepipe for Network-CentricWarfareLT COL ALEX WATHEN, USAF, RETIRED*The lack of significant situational awareness in our combined air defense system, which involvedmajor systems such as Patriot, <strong>Air</strong>borne Warning and Control Systems (AWACS), and Aegis[was a significant shortfall in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF)]. We tend to assume that dataare routinely communicated from one system to the other, that targets are correlated, and targetinformation is shared and assimilated by all. We believe that we are a long way from that vision.The communication links, the ability to correlate target tracks by disparate sensors, and the overallinformation architecture are simply not there.—Defense Science Board Task <strong>Force</strong>on Patriot System PerformanceTHE MILITARY IS transitioning froma stovepipe (vertically designed systemincapable of integrating properlywith other, similar systems ownedand operated by sister services) to a networkcentric-warfare(NCW) operating environmentas described in Joint Vision 2020. As partof that transition, a concept of airspace managementin the battlespace is being developedby the <strong>Air</strong> <strong>Force</strong> Research Laboratory / RomeResearch Site (AFRL/RRS) Requirements andOperations Division. That laboratory is workingin conjunction with the <strong>Air</strong> <strong>Force</strong> Commandand Control and Intelligence, Surveillanceand Reconnaissance Center (AFC2ISRC/DOR/DOO) to develop the joint airspace managementand deconfliction (JASMAD) system.The program is being coordinated with <strong>Air</strong>Combat Command (ACC) and <strong>Air</strong> MobilityCommand (AMC) airspace managers, as wellas with all interested combatant command(COCOM) service or agency personnel andis being developed with strong support fromthe United Kingdom Ministry of Defense. 1The JASMAD represents an opportunity to reduceor eliminate stovepipe mentalities thatcontinue to thwart true interservice interoperability.Throughout the Department ofDefense (DOD) numerous command andcontrol (C2) systems have been conceptual-*Lieutenant Colonel Wathen is a military defense analyst with the <strong>Air</strong>power Research Institute, Maxwell AFB, Alabama.26
PIREP 27ized, programmed, funded, and built for thepurposes of planning and executing aerial operationsthat cannot adequately1. share databases,2. exchange mission-essential information,3. allow collaborative planning in a dynamicenvironment, and4. exchange mission-execution information.These C2 systems have numerous names butcan be referred to collectively under the rubric“air and space operation centers” (AOC).Simply stated, these AOCs are not networkcentric. They are the product of stovepipesystems built by major commands within the<strong>Air</strong> <strong>Force</strong> (ACC’s Falconer AOCs and AMC’stanker airlift control center [TACC]). TheArmy air-ground system, the Marine <strong>Air</strong> Commandand Control System, the Navy’s aircraftcarrieroperations control center, as well asthe joint special operations air componentoperations center were also built with stovepipementalities.By definition, the JASMAD will be networkcentric because it is an attempt to deconflictanything and everything that flies in the battlespace.That means all the data available abouteverything flying in the airspace will be incorporatedinto the JASMAD, no matter the owningservice. This article introduces the JASMAD,describes its current planned capabilities, proposesadditional capabilities for the JASMAD,identifies current problems, and offers potentialsolutions—all with a goal of promoting anetwork-centric mentality throughout the DOD.What Is Joint <strong>Air</strong>spaceManagement and Deconfliction?The JASMAD will be an airspace managementand deconfliction application designedto replace the airspace deconfliction system(ADS) module within the theater battle managementcore system (TBMCS) of the FalconerAOC. The TBMCS is the system thatcurrently provides the combat air forces andthe joint/combined forces with an automatedand integrated capability to plan and executethe air battle plan for operations and intelligencepersonnel at the combined AOC(CAOC) and individual unit levels. It providesthe air commander with the means to plan,direct, and control all theater air operationsin support of command objectives. It also coordinateswith engaged ground and maritimeelements. The TBMCS can be tailored to largescaleor small-scale operations in varying intensitiesof warfare, and it implements interoperablefunctionality with other command,control, communications, computer, and intelligence(C4I) systems involved in theaterair warfare during military operations. 2In another transformation effort, the TBMCSis expected to be replaced by the theater battleoperations net-centric environment (TBONE)by the time the JASMAD is developed andfielded. The TBONE will have all the functionalityof the TBMCS but will offer the additionalcapabilities of networking 37 applicationsfrom the AOC in a multilevel securityenvironment. The TBONE will enable air taskingorders (ATO) to be shared at the winglevel so wing staffs know what airplanes are beingtasked in the coming days or weeks; forexample, it can be linked to airborne aircraftso the aircrew members know immediatelywhat munitions they are scheduled to use. <strong>Air</strong>and ground commanders will have access toimmediate data about all missions within aspecific area and time frame, thereby greatlyenhancing battle damage assessment. The recentJoint Expeditionary <strong>Force</strong> Experiment<strong>2006</strong> ( JEFX ’06) ending 28 April <strong>2006</strong> includeda field test of the TBONE. 3<strong>Air</strong>space DeconflictionOnce the airspace master plan is built, the airspacecontrol measures (ACM) designed tooperate within it are input into the ADS moduleof the TBMCS. Those ACMs are the bitsand pieces that eventually go into transformingairspace into battlespace, and airspacemanagers arrange those ACMs to set the flyingrules in the battlespace.The airspace control plan provides the detailsof the approved requests for ACMs. The
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Space PowerAn Ill-Suited SpaceStrat
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SPACE POWER 79by using a more encom
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SPACE POWER 81role of offensive and
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SPACE POWER 83achieve supremacy in
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Military TransformationEnds,Ways, a
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MILITARY TRANSFORMATION 87to organi
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NOTAM 95The document’s authors ha
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MOLECULAR NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NATION
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MOLECULAR NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NATION
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MOLECULAR NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NATION
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MOLECULAR NANOTECHNOLOGY AND NATION
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QUICK-LOOK 109CAS missions. The pub
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Clausewitz and the Falkland Islands
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CLAUSEWITZ AND THE FALKLAND ISLANDS
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CLAUSEWITZ AND THE FALKLAND ISLANDS
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BOOK REVIEWS 121whose contributions
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BOOK REVIEWS 123Franco: Soldier, Co
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APJAir and Space Power Journal, the
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CONTRIBUTORS 127Col Howard D. “Da
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EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARDGen John A.