the-evolution-of-international-security-studies

institutionalisation 97Russett, 1983; Buzan, 1987a), initially the academic discussions aboutinternational security took place in less specialised journals. An indicationofthiscanbeseeninaselectionofkeyarticlesintheevolutionofISS (Buzan and Hansen, 2007). This shows that the debates about internationalsecurity occurred not just in IR and foreign policy journals suchas World Politics, International Affairs, International Studies Quarterly andForeign Affairs, but also in Political Science journals such as the AmericanPolitical Science Review and Political Studies Quarterly, and generalsocial science and humanities journals such as Daedalus. Interestingly,the first specialist ISS journal appeared in Europe, Survival in 1958, withthemainUSentryInternational Security not starting until 1976. Othersfollowed: Terrorism/Studies in Conflict and Terrorism (1977), Journalof Strategic Studies (1978), Arms Control/Contemporary Security Policy(1980), Intelligence and National Security (1986), Terrorism and PoliticalViolence (1988) and Security Studies (1990), and these can be seen both asan expression of how prominent ISS had become and as part of a widerprocess of expanding numbers of IR journals generally. These more specialisedjournals certainly facilitated an expansion of the ISS literature,but they did not acquire anything like a monopoly position. The generalIR journals remained important forums for ISS debates, including laterarrivals such as the British Journal of International Studies (1975) (laterReview of International Studies), the European Journal of InternationalRelations (1995) and Cooperation and Conflict (1965).By the end of the Cold War, Strategic Studies had put down deepinstitutional roots. As a student, you could take courses, and sometimeswhole degrees, in it at hundreds of universities. From there, you couldlook to jobs in teaching, media, research, public policy, think-tanks, governmentand the military. Once courses and degrees and think-tanks hadbeen institutionalised, they fed student demand for ISS, not just becausethey seemed interesting and relevant to major questions of the day, butbecause they offered good careers. In the US, ISS had become one of thebig two subjects within IR, more or less dividing the field with IPE onthe basis of a division of labour between the conflictual and cooperativeaspect of international relations (Caporaso, 1995; Wæver and Buzan,2007). Interestingly, as this division of labour itself became institutionalisedinto separate journals and associations it stunted the developmentof the economic security literature that came out of the Middle East oilcrisis.In sum, over the four decades of the Cold War, and not least becauseof its intimate connection to the public policy problems generated by the