47.5 MB - The Whole Building Design Guide

FEMA recommends that shelters be designed in accordance withFEMA 361, Design and Construction Guidance for Community Shelters(2000).3.4.1 Site and General DesignConsiderationsVia ASCE 7, the 2006 edition of the IBC has only one special windrelatedprovision pertaining to Category III and IV buildings inhurricane-prone regions. It pertains to glazing protection withinwind-borne debris regions (as defined in ASCE 7). This single additionalrequirement does not provide adequate protection foroccupants of a facility during a hurricane, nor does it ensure acritical facility will remain functional during and after a hurricane.A critical facility may comply with IBC but still remain vulnerableto water and missile penetration through the roof or walls. To provideoccupant protection, the exterior walls and the roof must bedesigned and constructed to resist wind-borne debris as discussedin Sections 3.4.2 and 3.4.3.The following recommendations are made regarding siting:m Locate poles, towers, and trees with trunks larger than 6 inchesin diameter away from primary site access roads so that they donot block access to, or hit, the facility if toppled.m Determine if existing buildings within 1,500 feet of the newfacility have aggregate surfaced roofs. If roofs with aggregatesurfacing are present, it is recommended that the aggregate beremoved to prevent it from impacting the new facility. Aggregateremoval may necessitate reroofing or other remedial workin order to maintain the roof’s fire or wind resistance.m In cases where multiple buildings, such as hospitals or schoolcampuses, are occupied during a storm, it is recommendedthat enclosed walkways be designed to connect the buildings.The enclosed walkways (above- or below-grade) are particularlyimportant for protecting people moving between buildingsduring a hurricane (e.g., to retrieve equipment or supplies) orfor situations when it is necessary to evacuate occupants fromone building to another during a hurricane.3-100 MAKING CRITICAL FACILITIES SAFE FROM High Wind