NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

46
GEOPHYSICS
Includes Earth structure and dynamics, aeronomy; upper and lower atmosphere studies; ionospheric and magnetospheric physics; and
geomagnetism. For related information see 47 Meteorology and Climatology; and 93 Space Radiation.
20060001775 Air Force Research Lab., Edwards AFB, CA USA
Chemistry in Action: Space Shuttle Fuel Chemistry
Vaghjiani, Ghanshyam L.; Aug. 1, 2005; 32 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-2303
Report No.(s): AD-A440177; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
No abstract available
Atmospheric Chemistry; Exhaust Gases; Fuels; Plumes; Rocket Exhaust; Space Shuttles
20060001897 Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, NY USA
Evaluation of Cross-Correlation Methods on a Massive Scale for Accurate Relocation of Seismic Events
Kim, Won-Young; Richards, Paul G.; Schaff, David P.; Waldhauser, Felix; Zhang, Jian; Sep. 28, 2005; 11 pp.; In English;
Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-03-C-0129; Proj-1010
Report No.(s): AD-A440480; AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2005-1146; No Copyright; Avail.: CASI: A03, Hardcopy
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO) at Columbia University is evaluating a method of locating seismic sources
(earthquakes, explosions) based on the use of waveform cross-correlation (WCC) measurements instead of using the
conventional measurements of seismic wave arrival time (phase picks). WCC measurements have been demonstrated to be 10
to 100 times more accurate, where they can be used. The principal issue we are exploring is the extent to which a significant
fraction of seismicity can be located using WCC measurements. In this second year of the project we have focused on studies
of intraplate seismicity in New Madrid (Central USA) and Charlevoix (Eastern Canada) . We have also compared our results
for these regions, with the results for a separately-funded project to study the seismicity of Northern California.
DTIC
Cross Correlation; Measurement; Relocation; Seismic Waves; Seismology
20060001904 Geophysical Inst. of Israel, Holon, Israel
Seismic Energy Generation and Partitioning into Various Regional Phases From Different Seismic Sources in the
Middle East Region
Gitterman, Yefim; Pinsky, Vladimir; Mar. 13, 2005; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-03-C-0124; Proj-5101
Report No.(s): AD-A440508; GII-542/123/05(2); AFRL-VS-HA-TR-2005-1053; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical
Information Center (DTIC)
An event database was created to study empirical features of seismic energy generation from explosions, and how this
energy is partitioned between P and S waves. The explosions selected present a broad variety of design features and geological
settings. A number of experimental single-fired explosions were conducted and numerous observations were acquired from the
near-source zone to near-regional distances by stations in Israel and Jordan. From regional observations of the Sayarim
charge-weight series, significant seismic strength was achieved in spite of a dry alluvium media, commonly considered as
low-coupling material, and shallow burial depth. Existing software was modified and new programs were developed. As a case
study analysis the computer procedures were applied to the Sayarim shots. Results show dependencies of S/P maximum
amplitude and energy ratios on distance and yield. Source scaling estimations show similar yield scaling parameters
(0.87-0.93) for different phases, in close agreement with the constants for explosions in Nevada and Wyoming. Application
of the spectral ratio technique to data collected for some explosions provided estimates of the corner frequency-charge relation
and the equivalent yield of a partially detonated explosion. The analysis will be continued for other events from the dataset
selected and new planned experimental shots to validate the results obtained.
DTIC
Data Bases; Explosions; Middle East; Seismic Energy; Seismic Waves
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