NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax will be addressed because of its similarity in both structure and mechanism of catalytic activity
with botulinum toxin.
DTIC
Biological Weapons; Clostridium Botulinum; Infectious Diseases; Toxins and Antitoxins
20060001814 California Univ., Berkeley, CA USA
Regulation of hTERT Expression and Function in Newly Immortalized p53 (+) Human Mammary Epithelial Cell Lines
Stampfer, Martha R.; Jun. 1, 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): W81XWH-04-1-0580
Report No.(s): AD-A440296; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Telomerase is reactivated in almost all human breast cancers; the immortal potential conferred by telomerase is thought
to be crucial for malignant progression. Loss of telomeric protection usually leads to widespread genomic instability. This
proposal is to study telomerase reactivation and telomere protection in newly immortalized human mammary epithelial cells
(HMEC) that retain wild type p53 function, and to determine if these cells may be especially sensitive to therapies that target
telomerase activity and telomere protection. Prior work showed that p53 can suppress most, but not all, telomerase expression
in newly immortal p53+ HMEC lines until telomeres become extremely short, when an unknown mechanism (termed
conversion) relieves this repression. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 may protect cells with these critically
shortened telomeres by inhibiting growth until there is sufficient telomerase reactivation to protect the telomeric ends. Our
current aims are: (1) Test whether the low telomerase activity, as well as the elevation of p57 expression seen in newly
immortal p53+ HMEC, suppress the genomic instability seen prior to immortalization, and if inhibition of telomerase activity
and p57 function might efficiently kill these cells. (2) Determine how p53 regulates telomerase activity in newly immortal
HMEC lines.
DTIC
Breast; Cancer; Epithelium; Mammary Glands; Telomeres
20060001865 Uniformed Services Univ. of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
Workstyle Intervention for the Prevention of Work-Related Upper Extremity Problems: A Randomized Controlled
Trial
Nicholas, Rena; Jan. 1, 2005; 193 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A440410; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Workstyle is a description of how people perform their work and is proposed as a mechanism by which ergonomic and
psychosocial stressors in the workplace interact with the individual’s cognitive and behavioral responses to work demands,
which place a worker at risk for the development and/or exacerbation of work-related upper extremity symptoms and disorders
(WRUES/Ds). Recent investigations have shown that multicomponent interventions (i.e., ergonomic redesign and individual
stress management) show promise for increasing the effectiveness and durability of intervention benefits. Therefore, inclusion
of workstyle-related interventions into workplace WRUED prevention (primary and secondary) programs may result in better
overall treatment gains because a focus on workstyle may simultaneously address multiple risk factors for WRUEDs. This
study compared treatment outcomes for interventions combining workstyle and ergonomic modification at the workplace
compared to addressing workstyle or ergonomic management alone. Symptomatic workers were recruited to participate in one
of the three intervention conditions or in a wait-list control condition, where measures of ergonomic risk, psychosocial stress,
workstyle response, and symptom status were collected at baseline, post-treatment, and at a 3-month follow-up period. Results
indicated that although all groups improved over time, no intervention produced outcomes superior to the control group. The
results suggest that future interventions should be more intensive to produce significant and lasting improvements.
DTIC
Human Factors Engineering; Layouts; Personnel Management; Prevention; Signs and Symptoms; Social Factors
20060001886 RAND Corp., Santa Monica, CA USA
Expanding Access to Mental Health Counselors: Evaluation of the TRICARE demonstration
Meredith, Lisa S.; Tanielian, Terri; Greenberg, Michael D.; Suarez, Ana; Eiseman, Elizabeth; Jan. 1, 2005; 162 pp.; In
English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DASW01-01-C-0004
Report No.(s): AD-A440445; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The military health system serves roughly 9 million eligible beneficiaries, including active duty military personnel and
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