NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

This paper investigates learning hierarchical statistical activity models in indoor environments. The Abstract Hidden
Markov Model (AHMM) is used to represent behaviors in stochastic environments. We train the model using both labeled and
unlabeled data and estimate the parameters using Expectation Maximization (EM). Results are shown on three datasets: data
collected in lab, entryway, and home environments. The results show that hierarchical models outperform flat models.
DTIC
Hierarchies; Learning; Markov Processes
20060001805 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Retrieval of Trademark and Gray-Scale Images Using Global Similarity
Ravela, S.; Manmatha, R.; Croft, W. B.; Jan. 1, 2005; 13 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0235
Report No.(s): AD-A440282; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
Content-based image retrieval is an important area of research. Here, a method to characterize visual appearance for
determining global similarity in images is described. Images are filtered with Gaussian derivatives and geometric features are
computed from the filtered images. The geometric features used here are curvature and phase. Two images may be said to be
similar if they have similar distributions of such features. Global similarity may, therefore, be deduced by comparing
histograms of these features. This allows for rapid retrieval. The system’s performance on a database of about 1500 grey-level
images and another database of 2000 trademark images is shown. It is also shown that the approach is scalable and examples
of query results on a database of more than 63000 trademark images are provided.
DTIC
Analogies; Gray Scale; Information Retrieval
20060001816 Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, UK
Silicon Quantum Information Processing
Paul, D. J.; Nov. 7, 2005; 11 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-01-1-0552
Report No.(s): AD-A440299; ARO-42381.1-PH-QC; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
The initial aim of the programme was to demonstrate three qubits using Na donors in Si MOSFETs by the end of the
programme. The initial objectives can be summarised as follows:- 2.1 Fabricate a single electron transistor using AFM
lithography on the gate of a MOSFET. This is the 2.2 Fabricate a MOSFET with a determined number 2.3 Fabricate and detect
the positioning of a single Na+ ion in a predetermined position to allow 2.4 Measure the T2 decoherence time for Na in Si
using the temperature dependence of the impurity 2.5 Provide a model for the Na donor fabrication.
DTIC
Data Processing; Quantum Theory; Silicon
20060001817 Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA USA
Multi-Modal Retrieval of Trademark Images Using Global Similarity
Ravela, S.; Manmatha, R.; Jan. 1, 2005; 18 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F19628-95-C-0235; CDA-9502639
Report No.(s): AD-A440302; No Copyright; Avail.: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)
In this paper a system for multi-modal retrieval of trademark images is presented. Images are characterized and retrieved
using associated text and visual appearance. A user initiates retrieval for similar trademarks by typing a text query. Subsequent
searches can be performed by visual appearance or using both appearance and text information. Textual information associated
with trademarks is searched using the INQUERY search engine. Images are searched visually using a method for global image
similarity by appearance developed in this paper. Images are filtered with Gaussian derivatives and geometric features are
computed from the filtered images. The geometric features used here are curvature and phase. Two images may be said to be
similar if they have similar distributions of such features. Global similarity may, therefore, be deduced by comparing
histograms of these features. This allows for rapid retrieval. The system’s performance on a database of 2000 trademark
images is shown. A trademark database obtained from the US Patent and Trademark Office containing 63000 design only
trademark images and text is used to demonstrate scalability of the image search method and multi-modal retrieval.
DTIC
Analogies; Information Retrieval
223