Callister - An introduction - 8th edition

fatigue limit
fatigue strength
fracture mechanics
fracture toughness
impact energy
intergranular fracture
Izod test
plane strain
Questions and Problems • 275
plane strain fracture toughness
stress raiser
thermal fatigue
transgranular fracture
REFERENCES
ASM Handbook, Vol. 11, Failure Analysis and Prevention,
ASM International, Materials Park,
OH, 2002.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 12, Fractography, ASM International,
Materials Park, OH, 1987.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 19, Fatigue and Fracture,
ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 1996.
Boyer, H. E. (Editor), Atlas of Fatigue Curves, ASM
International, Materials Park, OH, 1986.
Colangelo, V. J., and F. A. Heiser, Analysis of Metallurgical
Failures, 2nd edition, Wiley, New
York, 1987.
Collins, J.A., Failure of Materials in Mechanical Design,
2nd edition, Wiley, New York, 1993.
Dennies, D. P., How to Organize and Run a Failure
Investigation, ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 2005.
Dieter, G. E., Mechanical Metallurgy, 3rd edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1986.
Esaklul, K. A., Handbook of Case Histories in Failure
Analysis, ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 1992 and 1993. In two volumes.
Hertzberg, R. W., Deformation and Fracture Mechanics
of Engineering Materials, 4th edition,
Wiley, New York, 1996.
Liu, A. F., Mechanics and Mechanisms of Fracture:
An Introduction, ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 2005.
McEvily, A. J., Metal Failures: Mechanisms, Analysis,
Prevention, Wiley, New York, 2002.
Stevens, R. I., A. Fatemi, R. R. Stevens, and H. O.
Fuchs, Metal Fatigue in Engineering, 2nd edition,
Wiley, New York, 2000.
Wulpi, D. J., Understanding How Components Fail,
2nd edition, ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 1999.
QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
Principles of Fracture Mechanics
8.1 What is the magnitude of the maximum stress
that exists at the tip of an internal crack having
a radius of curvature of 2.5 10 4 mm
(10 5 in.) and a crack length of 2.5 10 2 mm
(10 3 in.) when a tensile stress of 170 MPa
(25,000 psi) is applied?
8.2 Estimate the theoretical fracture strength of
a brittle material if it is known that fracture
occurs by the propagation of an elliptically
shaped surface crack of length 0.25 mm (0.01
in.) and having a tip radius of curvature of 1.2
10 3 mm (4.7 10 5 in.) when a stress of
1200 MPa (174,000 psi) is applied.
8.3 If the specific surface energy for soda-lime
glass is 0.30 J/m 2 , using data contained in
Table 12.5, compute the critical stress required
for the propagation of a surface crack
of length 0.05 mm.
8.4 A polystyrene component must not fail when
a tensile stress of 1.25 MPa (180 psi) is applied.
Determine the maximum allowable surface
crack length if the surface energy of polystyrene
is 0.50 J/m 2 (2.86 10 3 in.-lb f /in. 2 ).
Assume a modulus of elasticity of 3.0 GPa
(0.435 10 6 psi).
8.5 A specimen of a 4340 steel alloy having a
plane strain fracture toughness of 45 MPa1m
141 ksi1in.2 is exposed to a stress of 1000
MPa (145,000 psi). Will this specimen experience
fracture if it is known that the largest
surface crack is 0.75 mm (0.03 in.) long? Why
or why not? Assume that the parameter Y has
a value of 1.0.
8.6 An aircraft component is fabricated from an
aluminum alloy that has a plane strain fracture
toughness of 35 MPa1m 131.9 ksi1in.2.
It has been determined that fracture results
at a stress of 250 MPa (36,250 psi) when the