Callister - An introduction - 8th edition

Questions and Problems • 447
REFERENCES
ASM Handbook, Vol. 1, Properties and Selection:
Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys,
ASM International, Materials Park, OH,
1990.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 2, Properties and Selection:
Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials,
ASM International, Materials Park, OH,
1990.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 4, Heat Treating, ASM
International, Materials Park, OH, 1991.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 6, Welding, Brazing and Soldering,
ASM International, Materials Park,
OH, 1993.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 14A, Metalworking: Bulk
Forming, ASM International, Materials Park,
OH, 2005.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 14B, Metalworking: Sheet
Forming, ASM International, Materials Park,
OH, 2006.
ASM Handbook, Vol. 15, Casting, ASM International,
Materials Park, OH, 2008.
Davis, J. R. (Editor), Cast Irons, ASM International,
Materials Park, OH, 1996.
Dieter, G. E., Mechanical Metallurgy, 3rd edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1986. Chapters 15–21
provide an excellent discussion of various
metal-forming techniques.
Frick, J. (Editor), Woldman’s Engineering Alloys,
9th edition, ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 2000.
Heat Treater’s Guide: Standard Practices and Procedures
for Irons and Steels, 2nd edition,
ASM International, Materials Park, OH,
1995.
Henkel, D. P., and A.W. Pense, Structures and Properties
of Engineering Materials, 5th edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001.
Kalpakjian, S., and S. R. Schmid, Manufacturing
Processes for Engineering Materials, 5th
edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ,
2008.
Krauss, G., Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance,
ASM International, Materials Park,
OH, 2005.
Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System,
11th edition, Society of Automotive Engineers
and American Society for Testing and
Materials, Warrendale, PA, 2008.
Worldwide Guide to Equivalent Irons and Steels,
5th edition, ASM International, Materials
Park, OH, 2006.
Worldwide Guide to Equivalent Nonferrous Metals
and Alloys, 4th edition, ASM International,
Materials Park, OH, 2001.
QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS
Ferrous Alloys
11.1 (a) List the four classifications of steels.
(b) For each, briefly describe the properties
and typical applications.
11.2 (a) Cite three reasons why ferrous alloys are
used so extensively. (b) Cite three characteristics
of ferrous alloys that limit their utilization.
11.3 What is the function of alloying elements in
tool steels?
11.4 Compute the volume percent of graphite V Gr
in a 3.5 wt% C cast iron, assuming that all the
carbon exists as the graphite phase. Assume
densities of 7.9 and 2.3 g/cm 3 for ferrite and
graphite, respectively.
11.5 On the basis of microstructure, briefly explain
why gray iron is brittle and weak in tension.
11.6 Compare gray and malleable cast irons with
respect to (a) composition and heat treatment,
(b) microstructure, and (c) mechanical
characteristics.
11.7 Compare white and nodular cast irons with
respect to (a) composition and heat treatment,
(b) microstructure, and (c) mechanical
characteristics.
11.8 Is it possible to produce malleable cast iron
in pieces having large cross-sectional dimensions?
Why or why not?
Nonferrous Alloys
11.9 What is the principal difference between
wrought and cast alloys?
11.10 Why must rivets of a 2017 aluminum alloy
be refrigerated before they are used?