KVPT’s Patan Darbar Earthquake Response Campaign - Work to Date - September 2016

More documents

Info

The first site plan of the square that documents the plan of the temple was made by Eduard Sekler and his students from Harvard University in 1979. Sekler had been familiar with Nepal since 1962, and in 1977 had edited and published the Conservation Master Plan for the Kathmandu Valley. Neither the site plan nor the panorama elevation of the square looking west can be used for the plans, sections and elevations needed for the rebuilding of the temple. Adalbert Gail published the cult idol in 1982, and the four remaining quarter-round panels and three wall brackets in his first volume on Nepalese temples. More important, he drew our attention to the bottom ends of the 24 struts (including the corner struts) that support the lower roof. With the help of two eminent scholars of Newar language, Siegfried Lienhard and Thakur Lal Manandhar, he translated the inscriptions. The carved scenes above illustrate what happens in hell to those who do not follow the Dharma. Planning In the absence of any measured drawings, Wolfgang Korn initiated the survey of the plinth and the ground plan in October 2015 with the help of two Nepalese architects, Sabina Tandukar and Padma Maharjan. Bijay Basukala completed a simplified section drawing based on measurements of the salvaged fragments, scale 1:20, in November. On the basis of these drawings quantities were calculated as the basis of the cost estimate. Rebuilding Seismic strengthening will probably require a reinforced concrete slab below the sanctum; the jambs of the doorways and the pillars of the inner corners will be tied to that foundation by stainless steel pins. All these points will be part of a controversal debate for the coming six months. Seismic issues are, at present, not discussed rationally but under the impression of the 25 April earthquake. It is not well understood by the institutional partners that the point is not to change the foundations because to our findings they performed well. It is rather the connectivity of the upper structure to the plinths and the foundation we are concerned about. With the Harishankara temple it is evident that the building collapsed because the base stones of the outer ambulatory as well as the tenons of the pillars failed first, bringing it down. First, the triple stepped plinth has to be studied before final decisions can be taken. For this a team of archaeologists from the Department of Archaeology will have to join to dig a few critical areas up. Discussions with Dr. Purusottam Dangol, who completed a PhD in structural engineering, are ongoing to prepare future interventions. The uncertainty about future interventions presents a big variable for the cost estimate. We have chosen the middle path between a minimum and maximum of seismic interventions. The base stones below the pillars of the outer ambulatory had been in a bad state of repair already before the earthquake; sloppy repairs and the introduction of cement and flat stone pavement in 1975 contributed to the gradual deterioration. Seven of the intermediate carved stone elements have been replaced, bare of any carving. This entire level has to be reset, and uncarved elements and at least six base stones have to be replaced. Of the stone thresholds of the doorways, one has to be replaced, the remaining three repaired. A preliminary survey of the damage inflicted by the earthquake reveals a stunning capacity of all elements to be reused without major interventions. This does notmake the reconstruction easy but it facilitates the entire working process, beginning with the planning, that is the reconstruction of a detailed section drawing as the basis for any work. All rafters will have to be replicated in their original dimensions and spacing. Interventions of the second half of the 20th century have deviated from the original di- 148
mensions and techniques in order to save money. The rebuilding of the temple aims at the regaining of the original, 18th-century design. Niels Gutschow, December 2015 Harishankara Temple The pinnacles (gāju) of the Char Narayana (left) and Harishankara (right) were salvaged from the ruins and stored at the Keshav Narayan Chowk with the help of the Army. Photograph Rohit Ranjitkar, April 29, 2015 149
Page 1:
Nepal Patan Darbar Earthquake Respo
Page 4 and 5:
In acknowledgment of the sincere ef
Page 6 and 7:
Plan of Patan Darbar (Royal Palace
Page 8 and 9:
6
Page 10 and 11:
Map of Patan- World Heritage Site s
Page 13 and 14:
Patan Darbar Earthquake Response Ca
Page 15 and 16:
Preservation Trust moved rapidly to
Page 17 and 18:
order to help the many local and in
Page 19 and 20:
tural and climatic considerations b
Page 21 and 22:
This overview of Campaign Project b
Page 23 and 24:
21
Page 25:
23
Page 29 and 30:
Recapturing Lost Elements — Thoug
Page 31 and 32:
notably the weathering that causes
Page 33 and 34:
The debate has been presented here
Page 35 and 36:
In the summer, more than 20,000 tou
Page 37 and 38:
of the iconic monuments of the coun
Page 39 and 40:
in very exceptional cases. Empty ni
Page 41 and 42:
ological Survey of India to restore
Page 43 and 44:
at present, the replacement of tile
Page 45 and 46:
Department of Archaeology were not
Page 47 and 48:
on caste membership, he is born a c
Page 49 and 50:
Such a process of repair, replaceme
Page 51 and 52:
of the old bricks, new bricks will
Page 53 and 54:
Bibliography (publications cited in
Page 55 and 56:
Typical Seismic Issues in Newar Arc
Page 57 and 58:
Seismic Issues Manual - in Developm
Page 59 and 60:
2. Timber Column Base Connections D
Page 61 and 62:
4. Wood Rot and Rising Damp Descrip
Page 63:
6. Wall Plate Detailing Description
Page 66 and 67:
64
Page 68 and 69:
ening, Programme Director Ranjitkar
Page 70 and 71:
Manimandapa south The rotten base b
Page 72 and 73:
A "Recipe for Restoration," publish
Page 74 and 75:
Patukva Agam Structural improvement
Page 76 and 77:
The Kathmandu Darbar Initiative (19
Page 78 and 79:
Mahavishnu Temple As another compon
Page 80 and 81:
Part III Current Model Projects aft
Page 82 and 83:
ument. (See the July 2016 draft of
Page 84 and 85:
established that the building is on
Page 86 and 87:
Opposite page Manimandapa analysis-
Page 88 and 89:
Alternatively, life safety performa
Page 90 and 91:
Plan drawing of Manimandapas showin
Page 92 and 93:
Manimandpa Base isolation detail sh
Page 94 and 95:
Near right Manimandapa Concept show
Page 96 and 97:
The main goals of this solution are
Page 98 and 99:
cyclical monsoon rains, would be ex
Page 100 and 101: kicked out at the same time, and th
Page 102 and 103: 100
Page 104 and 105: Cārnārāyaṇa Temple Northern el
Page 106 and 107: Cārnārāyaṇa Temple Plan scale
Page 108 and 109: Cārnārāyaṇa Temple Tripartite
Page 112 and 113: Cārnārāyaṇa Temple. Tripartite
Page 116 and 117: Char Narayana Temple after earthqua
Page 118 and 119: Opposite Char Narayana Temple Detai
Page 120 and 121: The four-stepped cornice is heavily
Page 122 and 123: Char Narayana Temple Tympanum (tora
Page 124 and 125: 122
Page 126 and 127: Char Narayana Temple Inspection of
Page 128 and 129: Left Char Narayana Temple East elev
Page 130 and 131: Chār Nārāyaṇa Temple: Structur
Page 132 and 133: Top Cārnārāyaṇa Temple Souther
Page 134 and 135: Char Narayana Temple Repair / resto
Page 136 and 137: Char Narayana Temple Southern porta
Page 138 and 139: Char Narayan Temple The broken part
Page 140 and 141: 138
Page 142 and 143: 140
Page 145 and 146: Harishankara Temple (Hariśaṅkara
Page 147 and 148: Harishankara Temple Niels Gutschow
Page 149: wall brackets feature seven male fi
Page 153 and 154: 151
Page 155 and 156: Harishankara Temple Section drawing
Page 157 and 158: Harishankara Temple A hybrid deity,
Page 159 and 160: Harishankara Temple The Eight Mothe
Page 161 and 162: Harishankara Temple Carpenters from
Page 163 and 164: Opposite Some 300 (of the original
Page 165 and 166: Harishankara Temple Details of the
Page 167 and 168: Ground floor The pillars Two of the
Page 169 and 170: Other For the three eaves, 292 eave
Page 171 and 172: Harishankara Temple Replication of
Page 173 and 174: Top Left Cleaning the secondary jam
Page 175 and 176: Top Left Repair of the cornice abov
Page 177 and 178: Top Left Replication of two pillars
Page 179 and 180: Top Left Repair of the stepped oute
Page 181 and 182: Harishankara Temple Repairing the b
Page 183 and 184: Top The surviving secondary jamb of
Page 185 and 186: Top Replacement of the circular mid
Page 187 and 188: Top Eastern doorway, details of the
Page 189 and 190: Indra Kaji Shilpakar from Bhaktapur
Page 191 and 192: The west-north block (bhailakva) ab
Page 193 and 194: The complete Harishankara pinnacle,
Page 195 and 196: The deformations on the ring of ām
Page 197 and 198: Harishankara Temple Salvaged Archit
Page 199 and 200: Four of the 20 tympana (toraṇa) a
Page 201 and 202:
Four of the 20 tympana (toraṇa) a
Page 203 and 204:
The four corner tympana above the a
Page 205 and 206:
Sixteen medallions featuring the kn
Page 207 and 208:
Four of the eight struts supporting
Page 209 and 210:
Four of sixteen struts of the middl
Page 211 and 212:
Four of sixteen struts of the middl
Page 213 and 214:
Harishankara Temple Twenty-four str
Page 215 and 216:
Harishankara Temple Four of twenty-
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Harishankara Temple First level abo
Page 223 and 224:
Harishankara Temple Second level ab
Page 226 and 227:
224
Page 228 and 229:
226
Page 230 and 231:
Harishankara Temple Top right Prepa
Page 232 and 233:
Harishankara Temple Reconstruction
Page 234 and 235:
232 Bibliography Leiner 2010: Leine
Page 236 and 237:
234
Page 238 and 239:
Vishveshvara Temple East side, dama
Page 240 and 241:
Vishveshvara Temple West side, dama
Page 242 and 243:
Vishveshvara Temple Tympana (torana
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Vishveshvara Temple - structural re
Page 250 and 251:
“Vishveshvara Temple - structural
Page 252 and 253:
Vishveshvara Temple Shoring concept
Page 254 and 255:
Vishveshvara Temple Shoring concept
Page 256 and 257:
Vishveshvara Temple The replacement
Page 258 and 259:
256
Page 260 and 261:
Patan Darbār Square, looking east
Page 262 and 263:
South Manimaṇḍapa, east (back)
Page 264 and 265:
Top Left Back (east) sides of North
Page 266 and 267:
264
Page 268 and 269:
Clockwise From Above Bijay Basukala
Page 270 and 271:
Tirtha Ram Shilpakar replicating a
Page 272 and 273:
Left Machaman Shilpakar, restoring
Page 274 and 275:
Shyam Krishna Shilpakar saws the te
Page 276 and 277:
South Manimaṇḍapa South elevati
Page 278 and 279:
South Manimaṇḍapa reconstructio
Page 280 and 281:
Top left Original base of a column
Page 282 and 283:
Bhaktapur, Indra Kaji Shilpakar’s
Page 284 and 285:
Left Patan, 28. March 2016 Pushpa R
Page 286 and 287:
Left Bal Krishna Shilpakar and Tirt
Page 288 and 289:
Left Side I of the four-sided colum
Page 290 and 291:
Left Side III of the four-sided col
Page 292 and 293:
Top and Bottom Left Patan, 20 March
Page 294 and 295:
Patan, 15 April 2016 Carved beam en
Page 296 and 297:
South Manimaṇḍapa Shaft detail
Page 298 and 299:
Column Comparison From left to righ
Page 300 and 301:
Top Left Pushpa Raj Shilpakar carve
Page 302 and 303:
Top South Manimaṇḍapa Reinforce
Page 304 and 305:
Patan, 31 March 2016 Inventory of t
Page 306 and 307:
Opposite Inventory of the surviving
Page 308 and 309:
Top South Manimaṇḍapa At ground
Page 310 and 311:
Top South Manimaṇḍapa Detailed
Page 312 and 313:
Left South Manimaṇḍapa Document
Page 314 and 315:
South Manimaṇḍapa Bal Krishna S
Page 316 and 317:
South Manimaṇḍapa A metal fence
Page 318 and 319:
316
Page 320 and 321:
North Manimaṇḍapa North east co
Page 322 and 323:
320
Page 324 and 325:
North Manimaṇḍapa Elevations of
Page 326 and 327:
North Manimaṇḍapa Field measure
Page 328 and 329:
North Manimaṇḍapa Woodcarver ad
Page 330 and 331:
North Manimaṇḍapa The damaged p
Page 332 and 333:
Top North Manimaṇḍapa Woodcarve
Page 334 and 335:
North Manimaṇḍapa The existing
Page 336 and 337:
3 Panauti, Kirtimukha on the styliz
Page 338 and 339:
7 and 8 South Mandapa Metha nos. 1,
Page 340 and 341:
15 Stylized double roof moulding at
Page 343 and 344:
Krishna Temple, 1637 (Kṛṣṇa M
Page 345 and 346:
Investigation and Research of Krish
Page 347 and 348:
5 Krishna Temple Ground floor plan
Page 349 and 350:
an earthquake. It is only these fou
Page 351 and 352:
Right 16 Damaged stone carving 17 D
Page 353 and 354:
26 Stone type no. 1: Probably basal
Page 355 and 356:
Krsna templa, restoration project.
Page 357 and 358:
Sundari Cok Sundari Cok East Wing (
Page 359 and 360:
Sundari Cok East Wing By Niels Guts
Page 361 and 362:
Sundari Cok Ground floor and first
Page 363 and 364:
Sundari Cok Design for the east win
Page 365 and 366:
Sundari Cok The central window of t
Page 367 and 368:
Sundari Cok The brickwork of the ea
Page 369 and 370:
Sundari Cok The east wing’s court
Page 371 and 372:
Sundari Cok Courtyard, view towards
Page 373 and 374:
Sundari Cok The ground floor of the
Page 375 and 376:
Sundari Cok The cornice of the proj
Page 377 and 378:
Sundari Cok East facade of the cour
Page 379 and 380:
Sundari Cok East wing, the ridge be
Page 381:
Sundari Cok East wing, courtyard fa
Page 384 and 385:
382
Page 386 and 387:
Top left Mul Chowk west facade with
Page 388 and 389:
Taleju Agam North Projects by the T
Page 390 and 391:
Opposite The third level gallery in
Page 392 and 393:
Top Taleju Agam North/Mul Cok North
Page 394 and 395:
Top Thumbnail of the full Taleju No
Page 396 and 397:
Right Detail of the displaced top r
Page 398 and 399:
Top Elements of the dismantled dome
Page 400 and 401:
Above Workers carefully clean the u
Page 402 and 403:
Top Left Planking, marine grade ply
Page 405 and 406:
Taleju Agam South (Mul Cok, Patan R
Page 407 and 408:
Taleju Agam South Pre-earthquake pr
Page 409 and 410:
Left and Right Taleju Agam South ro
Page 411 and 412:
Top Left and Right Existing poor co
Page 413 and 414:
Historic gilded copper sheet is lai
Page 415 and 416:
Top Left and Right Deteriorated wat
Page 417 and 418:
415
Page 419 and 420:
Top Left The top tier roof of South
Page 421 and 422:
The South Taleju tower after comple
Page 423 and 424:
Lion Pillar of Bhimsen Temple (Sing
Page 425 and 426:
Lion Pillar of Bhimsen Temple (Sing
Page 427 and 428:
Lion Pillar of Bhimsen Temple The r
Page 429 and 430:
Appendices Introduction Notes on Po
Page 431 and 432:
Appendix I (Rohit Ranjitkar)
Page 433 and 434:
431
Page 435 and 436:
433
Page 437 and 438:
435
Page 439 and 440:
437
Page 441 and 442:
439
Page 443 and 444:
441
Page 445 and 446:
443
Page 447 and 448:
445
Page 449 and 450:
447
Page 451 and 452:
449
Page 453:
451
Page 456 and 457:
After the massive April 25 earthqua
Page 458 and 459:
Part 1: General Provisions 5. Autho
Page 460 and 461:
19. Traditional Practices and Comme
Page 462 and 463:
the activities prescribed by the re
Page 464 and 465:
(b) The objects displaced from thei
Page 466 and 467:
464
Page 468 and 469:
Kathmandu Valley Preservation Trust
show all

KVPT’s Patan Darbar Earthquake Response Campaign - Work to Date - September 2016

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?