THE SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY AND THE QUESTION OF KAZAKHSTAN’S HISTORY

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THE SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY AND
in Central Asia in XVII century and becoming dangerous to trade Tsar
Fedor Ivanovich meeting with Abilay Khan decided to use power to
make these roads safe. The agreements were singed to improve trade
between Russian people with Kazakhs. These agreements prepared the
project of participation Kazakhstan to Russia.” 267
Bringing forefront the struggle of local people and Russians against
enemies in a new history books for school was tried to lay the
foundation of Soviet brotherhood. In auxiliary history textbooks for IV.
classes Napoleon wars was asked to explain in this way: “The main
aim of using these materials related with Napoleon wars is to point
out that in a Homeland war in 1812, in a real people war, on Russian
land alongside Volga river against foreign enemies the shield was made
by non-Russian, where Kazakhs also took place. In that way students’
love for ancestor will be awaken and also it will contribute to their
education according to the spirit of friendship.” 268
The other issue that Soviet ideologists forced Kazakhs to accept
is the friendship on the campaign of Virgin Lands in Kazakhstan and
Turkestan between local people and Russian migrants who grew on
these lands. M. Fazilov, the Secretary of Kazakhstan Communist Party’s
Kokshetau State Committee, wrote an article entitled “Virgin Lands, The
University of Nations Friendship”. It summarized the mutual benefits of
cultural interaction of Russian and local peoples in the result of the
placement of Russian immigrants in virgin lands as follows: “Coming of
Russian migrants did not just caused opening new land in agriculture,
but also caused disappearing traditions which were outdated for centuries.
Today, marriage of Kazakh girls with Russians and Ukrainians is
not a rare case… Also it is truth that Kazakhs are naming their children
after their Russian brothers. Bayas Kaliyev, who lives in Keskat village,
named his son after Yuri, world’s first cosmonaut.” 269
In Tsardom Russia one of the colonial methods was immigration
policy with whom relocation of Russian and Ukrainian peasants,
with no land in Russia, to fertile farmlands in Kazakhstan, and their
contribution to social and economic lives was explained in history
textbooks of history as follows: “Villagers familiar to agriculture who
are living bordering Kazakhstan are relocated to Kazakh lands. Nomad
Kazakhs learned agriculture from migrants that came from outside, and
started growing wheat, barley and maize themselves. The increasing
267 Kazak SRR Tarihı, IX/X. Klas,Almatı, 1980, p. 31.
268 IV. Klas Kazak SSR Tarihi Materyaldarının Okutuv, p. 16.
269 Özdemir, E., “Sovyetler Birliğinde İdeolojik Tarih Eğitimi”, Belgelerle Türk Tarihi Dergisi,
Aralık, 1999, p. 120.