Portada Simposios - Supplements - Haematologica

106 Haematologica (ed. esp.), volumen 85, supl. 2, octubre 2000
16. Valles J, Santos MT, Aznar J, Marcus AJ, Martinezsales V, Portoles M,
Broekman MJ, Safier LB. Erythrocytes Metabolically Enhance Collagen-Induced
Platelet Responsiveness via Increased Thromboxane Production,
Adenosine Diphosphate Release, and Recruitment. Blood
1991; 78: 154-162.
17. Vane JR: Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action
of aspirin-like drugs. Nature New Biol 1971; 23: 232-235. (Abstract)
18. Moncada S, Vane JR. Pharmacology and endogenous roles of prostaglandin
endoperoxides, thromboxane A2, and prostacyclin. Pharmacol
Rev 1979; 30: 293-331.
19. Antiplatelet Trialists’Collaboration. Collaborative overview of randomised
trials of antiplatelet therapy I:Prevention of death, myocardial infarction,
and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories
of patients. Br Med J 1994; 308: 81-106.
20. Hirsh J, Dalen JE, Fuster V, Harker LB, Patrono C, Roth G. Aspirin and
other platelet-active drugs: The relationship among dose, effectiveness,
and side effects. Chest 1995; 108: S247-S257.
21. The Dutch TIA Study Group: A comparison of two doses of aspirin
(30 mg frente a. 283 mg a day) in patients after a transient ischemic attack
or minor stroke. N Engl J Med 1991; 325: 1261-1266.
22. Steering Committee of the Physician’s Health Study Group: Final report
on the aspirin component of the ongoing Physician’s Health Study.
N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 129-135.
23. Thrombosis Prevention Trial: Randomized trial of low-intensity oral anticoagulation
with warfarin and low-dose aspirin in the prevention of ischemic
heart disease in men at increased risk. Lancet 1998; 351:
231-241.
24. ISIS-2 Collaborative Group: Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase,
oral aspirin, oth, or neither amongst 17,187 cases of suspected
acute myocadial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet 1988; 13: 349-360.
25. Harker LA: Therapeutic inhibition of platelet function in stroke. Cerebrovasc
Dis 1998; 8: 8-18.
26. Antiplatelet Trialists’Collaboration. Collaborative overview of randomised
trials of antiplatelet therapy II:Maintenance of vascular graft or arterial
patency by antiplatelet therapy. Br Med J 1994; 308: 159-168.
27. Gachet C, Cazenave JP: ADP induced blood platelet activation:a review.
Nouv Rev Fr Hematol 1991; 33: 347-358.
28. Gachet C, Hechler B, Leon C, Vial C, Leray C, Ohlmann P, Cazenave JP.
Activation of ADP receptors and platelet function. Thromb Haemost
1997; 78: 271-275.
29. Born GVR: Adenosine diphosphate as a mediator of platelet aggregation
in vivo: an editorial point of view. Circulation 1985; 72: 741-742.
30. Yao SK, Ober JC, McNatt J, Benedict CR, Rosolowsky M, Anderson
HV, Cui K, Maffrand JP, Campbell WB, Buja LM et al. ADP plays an important
role in mediating platelet aggregation and cyclic flow variations
in vivo in stenosed and endothelium-injured canine coronary arteries.
Circ Res 1992; 70: 39-48.
31. Schror K: The basic pharmacology of ticlopidine and clopidogrel. Platelets
1993; 4: 252-261.
32. Savi P, Laplace MC, Maffrand JP, Herbert JM. Binding of
[h-3]-2-methylthio ADP to rat platelets-effect of clopidogrel and ticlopidine.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1994; 269: 772-777.
33. Schror K: Clinical pharmacology of the adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
receptor antagonist, clopidogrel. J Vasc Med 1998; 3: 247-251.
34. Thebault JJ, Kieffer G, Cariou R. Single-dose pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel.
Semin Thromb Hemost 1999; 25: 3-8.
35. Boneu B, Destelle G. Platelet anti-aggregating activity and tolerance of
clopidogrel in atherosclerotic patients. Thromb Haemost 1996; 76:
939-943.
36. CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel
versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (caprie).
caprie steering committee [see comments]. Lancet 1996; 348:
1329-1339.
37. Pytela R, Pierschbacher MD, Ginsberg MH, Plow EF, Ruoslahti E. Platelet
membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa: Member of a family of
Arg-Gly-Asp-specific adhesion receptors. Science 1986; 231: 1559.
38. Weiss HJ, Tschopp TB, Baumgartner HR. Impaired interaction of platelets
with subendothelium in bleeding disorders. N Engl J Med 1975;
293: 619-623.
39. Sakariassen KS, Nievelstein PF, Coller BS, Sixma JJ. The role of platelet
membrane glycoproteins Ib and IIb-IIIa in platelet adherence to human
artery subendothelium. Br J Haematol 1986; 63: 681-691.
40. Ross JM, Mcintire LV. Molecular mechanisms of mural thrombosis under
cynamic flow conditions. NIPS 1995; 10: 117-122.
41. LeBreton H, Topol E, Plow EF. Evidence for a pivotal role of platelets in
vascular reocclusion and restenosis. Cardiovas Res 1996; 31: 235-236.
42. Topol EJ, Byzova TV, Plow EF. Platelet GPIIb-IIIa blockers. Lancet 1999;
353: 227-231.
43. Gold HK, Gimple LW, Yasuda T, Leinbach RC, Werner W, Holt R et al.
Pharmacodynamic Study of F(Ab’)2 Fragments of Murine Monoclonal
Antibody-7E3 Directed Against Human Platelet Glycoprotein-Iib/Iiia
in Patients with Unstable Angina Pectoris. J Clin Invest 1990; 86:
651-659.
44. The EPIC Investigators. Use of a monoclonal antibody directed against
the platelet glycoprotein IIb-IIIa receptor in high-risk coronary angioplasty.
N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 956-961.
45. The CAPTURE Investigators: Randomised placebo-controlled trial of
abciximab before and during coronary intervention in refractory unstable
angina: the CAPTURE Study. Lancet 1997; 349: 1429-1435.
46. The EPILOG Investigators. Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa recetor blockade
and low-dose heparin during percutaneous coronary revascularization.
N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 1689-1696.
47. The EPISTENT Investigators. Randomised controlled trial to assess safety
of coronary stenting with use of abciximab. Lancet 1998; 352:
85-90.
48. The PRISM Study Investigators. A combination of aspirin plus tirofiban
with aspirin plus heparin for unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:
1498-1505.
49. The PRISM-PLUS Study Investigators. Inhibition of th eplatelet glycoprotein
IIb/IIIa receptor with tirofiban in unstable angina and
non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:
1488-1497.
50. The RESTORE Investigators. Effects of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
blockade with tirofiban on adverse cardiac events in patients with unstable
angina or acute myocardial infarction undergoing coronary angioplasty.
Circulation 1997; 96: 1445-1453.
51. Scarborough RM, Naughton MA, Teng W, Rose JW, Phillips DR, Nannizi
L, Arfsten A, Campbell AM, Charo IF. Design of potent and specific
integrin antagonists. Peptide antagonists with high specificity for glycoprotein
IIb-IIIa. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 1066-1073.
52. Phillips DR, Teng W, Arfsten A, Nannizzi-Alaimo L, White MM, et al. Effect
of Ca2 + on GP IIb-IIIa interactions with integrilin: enhanced GP
IIb-IIIa binding and inhibition of platelet aggregation by reductions in
the concentration of ionized calcium in plasma anticoagulated with citrate.
Circulation 1997; 96: 1488-1494.
53. The PURSUIT Trial Investigators. Inhibition of platelet glycoprotein
IIb/IIIa with eptifibatide in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 436-443.
54. The IMPACT-II Investigators. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of
effect of eptifibatide on complications of percutaneous coronary intervention:
IMPACT-II. Lancet 1997; 349: 1422-1428.
55. Ohman EM, Kleiman NS, Gacioch G, Worley SJ, Navetta FI, Talley JD,et
al. Combined accelerated tissue-plasminogen activator and platelet glycoprotein
IIb/IIIa integrin receptor blockade with Integrilin in acute
myocardial infarction. Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled,
dose-ranging trial. IMPACT-AMI Investigators [see comments]. Circulation
1997; 95: 846-854.
56. Kageyama S, Yamamoto H, Nagano M, Arisaka H, Kayahara T, Yoshimoto
R. Anti-thrombotic effects and bleeding risk of AJvW-2, a monoclonal
antibody against human von Willebrand factor. Br J Pharmacol
1997; 122: 165-171.
57. Yamamoto H, Vreys I, Stassen JM, Yashimoto R, Vermylen J, Hoylaerts
MF. Antagonism of vWF inhibits both injury induced arterial and venous
Thrombosis in the Hamster. Thromb Haemost 1998; 79:
195-201.
58. Clemetson KJ. Platelet collagen receptors: A new target for inhibition
Haemostasis 1999; 29: 16-26.
59. Kjalke M, Oliver JA, Monroe DM, Hoffman M, Ezban M, Hedner U, Roberts
HR. The effect of active site-inhibited factor VIIa on tissue factor-initiated
coagulation using platelets before and after aspirin administration.
Thromb Haemost 1997; 78: 1202-1208.
60. Sorensen HB, Kristensen AT, Ravn HB, Fuglsang J, Hjortdal VE. Local
application of FFR-rFVIIa reduces thrombus formation at arterial anastomosis
in rats. Microsurgery 1999; 19: 369-373.
61. PARAGON Investigators. A randomized trial of potent platelet IIb-IIIa
antagonism, heparin or oth in patients wih unstable angina. Circulation
1996; 94: I-553. (Abstract)
NEW THROMBOLYTIC
STRATEGIES AND AGENTS
H.R. LIJNEN AND D. COLLEN
Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology. University
of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Introduction
Thrombolysis consists of the pharmacological dissolution
of a blood clot, by intravenous infusion of
plasminogen activators that activate the fibrinolytic system.
The fibrinolytic system includes a proenzyme,
plasminogen, which is converted by plasminogen activators
to the active enzyme plasmin, which in turn digests
fibrin to soluble degradation products. Inhibition
of the fibrinolytic system occurs by plasminogen
activator inhibitors (mainly plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,
PAI-1) and by plasmin inhibitors (mainly
2 -antiplasmin). Thrombolytic agents that are either
approved or under clinical investigation in patients with