Tavi 5

konkurenciis pirobebSi upiratesobas uzrunvelyofda. organizaciebi
swrafad zrdidnen sawarmoo simZlavreebs, raSic xels uwyobdaT
horizontaluri organizaciuli struqtura, romelic gundurobaze da
axali teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT drosa da sivrceSi komunikaciis
gafarToebul SesaZleblobebze iyo dafuZnebuli (Porter & Beirlein, 2000 pp. 3-
19). Malkin, Cohen da Bikson (1996, p. 217) aseT axal organizaciebs "gundurobis
principze dafuZnebul, teqnologiurad gamarTul organizaciebs"
uwodebdnen. organizaciis gundurobis principze dafuZnebuli sruqtura,
swrafi adaptirebisa da xSiri cvlilebebisadmi mdgradobis gamomuSavebiT,
konkurentunarianobis miRwevis mniSvnelovan gzad iTvleba.
organizaciuli samuSao gundebis da maTi efeqturobis gazrdis
problematikas mravali kvleva ukavSirdeba (Ilgen, Major, Hollenback, & Sego,
1993). organizaciuli gundebis efeqturobis kvlevebis mixedviT, muSaobis
procesSi gunduri struqturis gamoyeneba zrdis warmadobas, iZleva
resursebis ufro efeqturad gamoyenebis saSualebas, aumjobesebs
gadawyvetilebis miRebisa da problemebis mogvarebis process, warmoebuli
produqciisa da momsaxurebis xarisxs da zrdis inovaciurobisa da
SemoqmedobiTobis xarisxs. (Parker, 1990).
gundurobis bolodroindeli kvlevebis mimoxilvaSi Ilgen, Hollenback, Johnson
da Judit-ma (2005) daaskvnes, rom 1996 wlidan moyolebuli kvlevebi ufro
kompleqsuri gaxda. am kvlevebSi gundTan dakavSirebuli meti parametri
iyo gamoyenebuli da aqcenti mxolod gundis miRwevebze ar keTdeboda.
Tanamedrove SromebSi, aseve, gamokvleulia afeqturi, qceviTi da kognituri
procesebis roli gundis warmatebasa da sicocxlisunarianobaSi. gundis
miRwevebisa da sicocxlisunarianobis TvalsazrisiT, aseve Seiswavleba
iseTi mediatoruli procesebis roli da gavlena, rogoricaa - ndoba,
urTierTkavSiris damyareba, dagegmva, adaptireba, sruqturizeba da swavla
(Ilgen et al. 2005, pp 520-521).
kvlevebis mixedviT, mniSvnelovania kargad gaviazroT gundSi lideris,
rogorc warmatebis garantisa da warumateblobis Tavidan amrideblis
roli. ,,ar aris gasakviri, rom yvela kvleva safuZvels umyarebs am
mtkicebulebas: gunduri lideroba umniSvnelovanesia, rogorc afeqturi,
aseve bihevioristuli(qceviTi) gunduri Sedegebis misaRwevad" (Stagl, Salas, &
Burke, 2007, p.172) sxva mkvlevarebis mticebiT ki gundis warmatebisaTvis
yvelaze mniSvnelovani "efeqturi liderobis" procesebia (Zaccaro, Rittman,
&Marks, 2001, p. 452). gundis warumateblobis mTavar mizezad xSirad
araefeqturi lideroba moiazreba (Stewart&Manz, 1995, p. 748). gundis
warmatebis uzrunvelsayofad saWiroa kargad gaviazroT liderobis
aucilebeli funqciebi. mniSvnelovania aRvniSnoT, rom es fuqciebi
SeiZleba Sesrulebuli iqnas jgufis formaluri lideris mier, an
gadanawildes gundis wevrebze. Day, Gronn, da Salas (2004) amgvar ganawilebul
liderobas gunduri liderobis potencials uwodeben, romelic
gulisxmobs gundis yvela wevris liderobis potencialis erTobliobas.
bolodroindeli kvlevebis mixedviT, aseTi ziari liderobis mqone
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