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gavrcelebuli dasabuTebebi. da bolos, saubaria im midgomebze, romlebic<br />
xels uwyoben qalebis lider poziciebze warmoCenas.<br />
genderi da liderobis stilebi<br />
rac ufro meti qali ikavebs lider pozicias, miT ufro xSirad ismis aseTi<br />
kiTxvebi: ramdenad gansxvavebulad lideroben qalebi an qali liderebi<br />
metad efeqturebi arian Tu mamakaci liderebi? presaSi xSirad amtkiceben,<br />
rom liderobis stilebs Soris genderuli gansxvavebebi marTlac arsebobs<br />
da qalTa lideroba Tanamedrove sazogadoebaSi ufro efeqturia (Book,<br />
2000; Helgesen, 1990; Rosener, 1995). miuxedavad amisa, mecnier-mkvlevarebis<br />
mosazrebebi am sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT mravalferovnebiT gamoirCeva.<br />
bevri amtkicebs, rom sqesi liderobis stilTan da efeqturobasTan<br />
umniSvnelod an saerTod ar aris dakavSirebuli (DDobbins & Platz, 1986; van<br />
Engen, Leeden, & Wullemsen, 2001; Powell, 1990).<br />
adreul kvlevebSi, sadac qalebsa da mamakacebs Soris gansxvavebul<br />
liderobis stilze iyo aqcenti, ZiriTadad erTmaneTs adarebdnen an<br />
interpersonalur da davalebaze orientirebul stilebs, an damokratiul<br />
da avtokratiul stilebs. <strong>Tavi</strong>anT meta-analizSi Eagly da Johnson–ma(1990)<br />
daadgines, rom stereotipuli Sexedulebebis sapirispirod, qalebi,<br />
kacebTan SedarebiT, sulac ar liderobdnen ufro interpersonalurze<br />
orientirebul da naklebad davalebebze orientirebuli stiliT. es<br />
sxvaobebi ufro iseT garemoSi vlindeboda, sadac qceva ufro metad<br />
regulirdeboda socialuri rolebiT. magaliTad, aseTia eqsperimentuli<br />
garemo. erTaderTi gansxvaveba, romelic sxvadasxva garemoSi erTnairad<br />
fiqsirdeboda, gaxldaT is, rom qalebi ufro demokratiuli,<br />
monawileobiTi stiliT liderobdnen vidre kacebi. yvela sxva metaanalizma,<br />
romelic 1987 wlidan 2000 wlamde Catarebul kvlevebs<br />
mimoixilavda, igive Sedegebi miiRo (van Engen & Willemsen, 2004).<br />
mniSvnelovania, rom es Sedegebi ganvixiloT im farTomasStabiani metaanalizis<br />
SedegebTan erTad, romelic qali da mamakaci liderebis<br />
Sefasebis literaturas mimoixilavda da sadac maTi Sedareba, yvela<br />
maxasiaTeblisa da liderobis qcevis gaTvaliswinebiT xdeboda (Eagly,<br />
Makhijani, & Klonsky, 1992). es kvlevebi aCvenebda, rom qalebs, mamakacebTan<br />
SedarebiT, ufro cudad afasebdnen maSin, roca isini mamakacurad<br />
liderobdnen (avtokratiulad an direqtiulad; mag. Bartol & Butterfield, 1976),<br />
maSin, roca tipiurad mamakacuri liderobis rolebs irgebdnen (mag.<br />
aTletTa mwvrTneli an sawarmo qarxnis menejeri; ix. Knight & Saal ) da roca<br />
Semfaseblebi mamakacebi iyvnen. es Sedegebi ara marto im crurwmenebze<br />
miuTiTebs, rac lider qalTa mimarT arsebobs, aramed imazec, rom qalebis<br />
mier demokratiuli stilis gamoyeneba ufro adaptirebadia, vinaidan aseT<br />
SemTxvevaSi isini yvelaze dadebiT Sefasebebs iReben.<br />
1980-iani wlebis dasawyisidan, liderobis mkvlevarebi axali tipis<br />
liderobis kvlevas Seudgnen, romelic pirvelad Burns–ma(1978) aRwera<br />
rogorc transformirebis lideroba da mogvianebiT, Bass–is mier (1985, ix.<br />
am gamocemis mecxre <strong>Tavi</strong>) transformaciul liderobad iqna ganvrcobili.<br />
mniSvnelovani kvlevebi adastureben, rom transformaciuli liderobis<br />
oTxive komponenti (idealizebuli gavlena, STagonebiTi motivacia,<br />
inteleqtualuri stimulacia da individualuri zrunva) da tranzaqciuli<br />
liderobis damsaxurebuli jildos komponenti pozitiur kavSirSia<br />
efeqtur liderobasTan (ix. gamocemis mecxre <strong>Tavi</strong>). Eagly, Jphannesen-Schmidt, da<br />
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