globalizacia — ori antagonisturi socialuri sistemis (kapitalizmisa da socializmis)konkurenciis Sedegi. iniciatorTa Soris SeiZleba moxvdes faqtiurad nebismierimoTamaSe, romelsac regularulad, sakmao drois manZilze SeuZlia imdenad Zlieriprocesis (procesebis) generireba, rom misi Sedegebi saboloo jamSi aRiqmeba mTeldedamiwaze. 11globalizaciis (globalizaciuri) procesia iseTi, romlis mimdinareobac iwvevsxarisxobriv cvlilebebs sazogadoebrivi urTierTobebis sistemebSi globalurimasStabiT an sazogadoebrivi ganviTarebis axali trendis <strong>for</strong>mirebas. ar aris aucilebeliaseT process globaluri gamovlena hqondes. aseTi procesebis magaliTebs meocesaukuneSi miekuTvneba, vTqvaT, ruzveltiseuli “axali kursi” 1930-ian wlebSi aSS-Si, meoremsoflio omi, ssrk-is daSla. globaluria nebismieri procesi, romelic planetarulimasStabiT vlindeba. is SesaZloa daemTxves globalizaciis process, Tumca es aucilebeliar aris.b/ ara aqvs mniSvneloba, romel sferoSi (politikurSi, ekonomikurSi, kulturulSi . . . )xdeba am procesebis inicireba.g/ nebismieri qveyana Tu sxva subieqti, romelsac xelewifeba globaluri procesebisinicireba Tavis moqmedebaSi pirvel rigSi sakuTari moTxovnilebebidan da interesebidangamodis. faqtiurad SesaZlebelia vilaparakoT, rom globalizacia aris lokaluriprocesebis globaluri gamovlena. arc erTi procesi, romelsac mosdevs cvlilebebiglobalur doneze, ar aris Tavidanve Cafiqrebuli rogorc aseTi. xSirad “pirveladibiZgi” SeiZleba sakmaod susti iyos, magram ganviTarebis procesSi uzomod gadiddes daglobaluri xasiaTi miiRos, Tu xelsayrel pirobebSi moxvda — e.w. “peplis efeqti”.d/ globalizacia, Zalian farTo gagebiT, qmnis ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebs, TumcamsoflioSi momqmedi ama Tu im moTamaSis unari gamoiyenos es SesaZleblobebi sakuTarimiznebis misaRwevad, warmoadgens friad gansxvavebul problemas, romelic unda gadawydesara globalur, aramed adgilobriv doneze.garda amisa, globalizaciis Tanamedrove etapi, agreTve, xasiaTdeba rigi kargadgamoxatuli Taviseburebebisa, romlebic sakmarisia, imisaTvis, raTa masze mkafiowarmodgena SeviqmnaT.1. yvela procesi globalizaciis farglebSi Riaa da ormxrivi. arsebobs ukukavSirebiprocesebis iniciatorebsa da maT obieqtebs Soris. e.i. nebismieri iniciativa ama Tuim saxiT gardauvlad ase Tu ise ubrundeba iniciators. es ukureaqcia principSiSeiZleba gautoldes an aRematebodes kidec TviT am iniciativas. nebismieriiniciativa msoflio masStabiT gavrcelebis procesSi gardauvlad icvlis saxes,maxinjdeba; SesaZlebelia saboloo jamSi Tavisi sawinaaRmdego saxec ki miiRos.2. nebismier qveyanas SeuZlia airCios, SeuerTdes Tu ara am procesebs da ra saxiT.Tumca, xSir SemTxvevaSi es arCevani, rogorc amas uwin sabWoTa kavSirSi uwodebdnen— nebayoflobiT-daZalebiTia. aseTi “SeerTebis” wesebi da pirobebi cnobilia,Tumca naklebad <strong>for</strong>malizebuli. saboloo jamSi, isini SesaZlebelia dayvanil iqnensabazro ekonomikis ganviTarebamde, konkurentuli bazrebis Seqmnamde, sazRvrebisgaxsnamde saqonlisa da kapitalis Tavisuflad gadasaadgileblad datransnacionaluri korporaciebis SeuzRudav daSvebaze im qveynebis saSinaobazrebze, romlebic globalizaciis procesebis gavlenas ganicdian. es mkveTradzrdis nebismieri calke aRebuli qveynis pasuxismgeblobas sakuTari keTildReobisuzrunvelyofisaTvis. 12 warumateblobis SemTxvevisaTvis damcavi meqanizmebiarsebobs, magram sakmaod arasrulyofili, da maTi gamoyeneba xSirad mevaxSis xelSiCavardnis tolfasia.3. msoflios wamyvani qveynebis upiratesoba sxvebTan SedarebiT imdenad didia, romisini aRar warmoadgenen “daxurul klubs”, rogorc es globalizaciis dasawyisSiiyo. maT ar eSiniaT dedamiwaze meritokratiuli sistemis arsebobisa. piriqiT,globalizaciis procesebis farglebSi nebismier qveyanas uqmnian “SesaZleblobaTasarkmels” (zogs ramdenjerme), romelic nebismiers SeuZlia gamoiyenos imisaTvis,rom wamyvan saxelmwifoTa ricxvs SeuerTdes (rasakvirvelia, Tu amis unari gaaCnia).4. dRevandeli teqnologiebi (marTvis, komunikaciuri, in<strong>for</strong>maciis damuSavebis,samxedro da a.S.) iseTia, rom msoflios wamyvan saxelmwifoebs dedamiwis nebismierkuTxeSi SeuZliaT sakuTari interesebis dacva teritoriaze uSualo samxedro Tuadministraciuli kontrolis damyarebis gareSe. Aaqedan gamomdinare:- globalizaciis procesebi SerCeviTia. isini SesaZlebelia wertilovani gavlenis8
doneze xorcieldebodes. yvelaferTan erTad es tovebs globalizaciis CarCoebs gareTara marto calkeul qveynebs, aramed mTel regionebs. Tu aseT adgilebSi globalizaciisgavlena ama Tu im saxiT mainc igrZnoba, mxolod imitom, rom didi procesebiskontrolireba praqtikulad SeuZlebelia da in<strong>for</strong>maciuli Tu materialuri nakadebisraRaca nawili mainc “epareba” ZiriTad kalapots.- msoflios wamyvani qveynebis <strong>for</strong>maluri da faqtiuri pasuxismgebloba dedamiwazemimdinare (m.S. uSualod maT mier wamowyebuli) procesebis Sedegebze SedarebiT mcirdeba.maT faqtiurad SeuZliaT, umetes SemTxvevaSi zurgi Seaqcion im procesebsa da movlenebs,romlebSic uSualo Careva maT konkretul interesebSi ar Sedis da Semoifarglon carielidemagogiiT. es mkveTrad ganasxvavebs globalizacias Tanamedrove etaps misidasawyisisagan, rodesac koloniuri imperiebi iZulebulebi iyvnen ase Tu ise Careuliyvnenplanetaze mimdinare procesebis umetesobaSi, radganac isini maT mier uSualodkontrolirebadi teritoriebis farglebSi mimdinareobda.is, rom aSS da misi mokavSireebi dResdReobiT gadamwyvet rols TamaSobenglobalizaciuri procesebis warmoCenasa da realizaciaSi, ar niSnavs imas, romglobalizacia am qveynebis SeTqmulebis Sedegia, rogorc es bevrs miaCnia. ubralodsazogadoebrivi ganviTarebis Tanamedrove etapze es saxelmwifoebi warmoadgenen amprocesis yvelaze aqtiur agentebs da Sesabamisad yvelaze intensiurad ganicdian miszegavlenas. aseTi “ganviTarebis agentebis” roli kacobriobis istoriaSi uamrav sxvaeTnossa Tu saxelmwifos uTamaSia. gadis dro, ganviTarebis erT etaps axali cvlis da isinigardauvlad uTmoben adgils sxva, ufro aqtiur da mizandasaxul eTnosebs. aseTiaganviTarebis logika. 13erT-erTi mTavari gaugebroba, romelic globalizaciis procesTanaa dakavSirebuliisaa, rom misgan raRaca konkretul Sedegs moelian (dadebiTs, Tu uaryofiTs). asemagaliTad, mravali weli mimdinareobs diskusia imis Sesaxeb, zrdis Tu ara globalizaciaadamianebis keTildReobas. 14 sinamdvileSi globalizacia, rogorc aseTi, rogorcnebismieri bunebrivi (am SemTxvevaSi kvazi-bunebrivi) procesi absoluturad neitraluriamisi gavlenis obieqtebis mimarT. amitom principulad arasworia misi xarisxobriviSefaseba.rogor gavlenas axdens globalizacia ama Tu im saxelmwifosa Tu eTnosze,damokidebulia, pirvel rigSi, imaze, es ukanaskneli ramdenad kargad auRebs mas alRos daSeZlebs mis gamoyenebas sakuTar interesebSi.saerTod, ar Rirs adamianis nebis rolis gadaWarbeba iseTi masStabis movlenaSi,rogoricaa globalizacia. adamianis nebazea damokidebuli Segnebuli gadawyvetilebismiReba, romelsac mosdevs konkretuli qmedeba. gadaizrdeba Tu ara es qmedeba procesSi,xolo, Tavis mxriv, gaxdeba Tu ara es procesi globaluri masStabis, adamianis nebasurvilzenaklebadaa damokidebuli. ase rom ar iyos, maSin realuri gaxdeboda “Deutchlanduber alles” tipis scenarebis realizacia, rac madloba RmerTs — ararealuria.globalizacia ar warmoadgens ama Tu im movlenis dedamiwis farglebSi gavrcelebisprocess — vTqvaT satelefono xazebis an televizorebis, internetis momxmarebelTaraodenobis, saerTaSoriso finansuri transaqciebis intensifikaciis, transnacionalurikorporaciebis gavlenis, erTiani kulturuli faseulobebis, bolos da bolos,makdonaldsebis an amerikuli kinos gavrcelebis da a.S., rogorc es sazogadod (m.S. bevrimecnieris mier) aRiqveba. sinamdvileSi yvelaferi CamoTvlili ara globalizaciaa, aramedmisi meoradi Sedegi (xSirad gauTvaliswinebeli), SeiZleba vixmaroT sityva “simptomic” ki.Gglobalizacis arsi mdgomareobs im Rrma struqturul cvlilebebSi TanamedrovesazogadoebaSi, romlebic, Tavis mxriv, qmnian pirobebs yvela zemoT CamoTvlili movlenissaarsebod. SeuZlebelia internetis danergva da gavrceleba mTels msoflioSi (Tugindamisi teqnologia arsebobdes) Tu ar arsebobs universalurad aRiarebuli da xSiraddakanonebuli principi in<strong>for</strong>maciis gacvlis Tavisuflebisa. verc erTi korporacia,ragind didi ar unda iyos is, ver gaxdeba transnacionaluri, Tu qveynebi, romelSic ismoqmedebs, ar aRiareben Tavisufali vaWrobisa da kerZo sakuTrebis xelSeuxeblobisprincips (Tugind daZalebiT, da Tugind mxolod am ucxouri kompaniebis mimarT).globalizaciis ZiriTadi konkretuli Sedegi isaa, rom man aqcia dedamiwa ziarWurWlad, romlis romelime calke aRebuli nawilis izolacia ama Tu im mocemulisazogadoebrivi procesisagan principulad SeuZlebelia. Tumca TviT am procesebisgavrcelebis siCqare friad araerTgvarovania da SeiZleba meryeobdes ramdenime saaTidan9
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mosaxleobis 20%, romelic yvelaze md
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sruli liberalizaciis Sesaxeb faqtiu
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aSS saerTaSoriso daxmarebis naxevar
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meore — Tanamedrove sabrZolo saSu
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SeuZliaT, an ar awyobT efeqturi Ron
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amoiwura.cnobili ebraeli moRvawe,
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masze agebuli civilizaciis sistemur
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mxolod SedarebiT mcire nawils Seexo
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kontrols eqvemdebareba.rac Seexeba
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krizisebisagan, rom rodesac bazari
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sabWoTa kavSirma gamomdinare nawilo
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usafrTxoebis erT-erTi ZiriTadi elem
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Microsoft-is top-menejerebs). sadac
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veb-gverdebs; xolo Google-m 2006 we
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saxiT, amerikis moqmedeba SedarebiT
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organizaciebis da a.S.amave dros, r
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however powerful, can become transn
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system, which leads to restoration
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coherent and purposeful than before
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