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naxevar saukunes moiTvlis. principSi is ori mimarTulebiT viTardeba. pirveli —globaluri masStabis “ganviTarebis” politikis farglebSi (meti ganviTareba, ufromaRali cxovrebis done, naklebi Sobadoba, siRaribe da a.S.), meore — uSualod siRaribisdaZlevasa da mosaxleobis zrdis kontrolze mimarTuli saerTaSoriso programebisfarglebSi. gaero am procesSi formalurad CarTulia 1960 wlidan, rodesac daiwyoprogramebis realizacia e.w. “ganviTarebis aTwleulebis” farglebSi. am dros gaerogansakuTrebiT yuradRebas aqcevda iseTi miznebis miRwevas, romlebic ukavSirdeba werakiTxvisucodinarobis daZlevas, saskolo sistemis ganviTarebas, jandacvas (m.S. ojaxisdagegmvas), sayofacxovrebo infrastruqturis ganviTarebas (wyalmomarageba, kanalizacia)da a.S.sainteresoa, rom gaeros es RonisZiebebi namdvilad erTiani globaluri politikisfarglebSi ewereba. isini im gagebis Sedegia, romelsac aRweven rogorc yvelaganviTarebuli, aseve ganviTarebadi qveynebi. gaerosa (agreTve, masTan dakavSirebulisaagentoebisa da wamyvani saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebis —Oxfam, Care, Savethe Children da a.S.) aqtiuroba zemoT aRweril sferoebSi imitom aris mniSvnelovani, romisini faqtiurad warmoadgenen msoflio politikis globalizaciis erT-erT iSviaTwarmatebul magaliTs, romelic globalur konsensuszea agebuli da romlis moqmedebisareali da Sedegebi globaluri masStabisaa. 170maTi miznebi ZiriTadad advilad aRsaqmelia, TvalnaTlivi da konkretul Sedegebzeaorientirebuli. isini politikurad maqsimalurad neitraluria da (ukanasknel dromdemainc) faqtiurad ar uyeneben im qveynebis mTavrobebs, sadac isini xorcieldeba, araviTarwinaswar pirobebs, msgavsad imisa, rogorc amas akeTebs msoflio banki an savaluto fondi.umeteswilad es programebi adgilze rogorc humanitaruli xasiaTis matareblebiaRiqveba. faqtiurad, uaRresad antagonisturad ganwyobili diqtatorebis garda, maTaravin ganixilavs rogorc romelime qveynis Sinagan saqmeebSi Carevas. 171rasakvirvelia, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, ra masStabisa da sirTulisaa am programebiswinaSe mdgari amocanebi, maTi umetesobis sruli realizacia ver xerxdeba, Tumca bevriSedegi namdvilad STambeWdavia, ganviTarebadi qveynebis mosaxleobis keTildReobazegavlenis TvalsazrisiT (xSirad ganviTarebulebisac).gaeros programebis farglebSi:- mTlianad aRmoifxvra (1997 wlisaTvis) iseTi daavadeba, rogoricaa yvavili;- 1990-ian wlebSi ganaxevrda diareiT gamowveuli bavSvTa sikvdilianoba;- yvelgan, 12 qveynis garda, 2000 wlisaTvis axalSobilTa sikvdilianobis done daeca 120-ze qvemoT yovel 1 000 cocxal mSobiarobaze;- msoflios 175 qveyanaSi aRar gvxvdeba poliomieliti, romelic 1950-1960-ian wlebisdasawyisSi epidemiuri xasiaTisa iyo msoflios wamyvan qveynebSic ki;- kanqveSa WiiT (riStaTi) daavadebebis raodenoba Semcirda 97%-T 2000 wlisaTvis, isgvxvdeba mxolod 14 qveyanaSi;- Tavidan iqna acilebuli 1 milioni bavSvis gardacvaleba vitamin A-s ukmarisobis gamo;- 90 milioni axalSobili daculi iqna iodis deficitiT gamowveuli swavlis unarisdakargvisagan.bevri programis Sedegi ar SeiZleba iqnes Sefasebuli rogorc saboloo warmateba,Tumca isini mainc mniSvnelovania.- 1990-ian wlebSi bavSvTa sikvdilianobis done Semcirda daaxloebiT 1/3-T 63 qveyanaSi,xolo 20%-T 100-Si;- 1990 wlisaTvis moxerxda erT wlamde asakis bavSvebis 80%-iani imunizaciis donismiRweva (Tumca tropikul afrikasa da samxreT aziaSi es miRweva SenarCunebuli ar iqna);- 2000 wlisaTvis sicocxlis saSualo mosalodnelma xangrZlivobam miaRwia dagadaaWarba 60 wels 124 qveyanaSi 173-dan, sadac is am zRvarze dabali iyo;- Tumca gaerom ver miaRwia yvela adamianis uzrunvelyofas usafrTxo sasmeli wyliTjer 1990, Semdeg 2000 wlisaTvis, im adamianebis raodenoba, romlebTac dRes amis saSualebagaaCniaT, daaxloebiT oci wlis manZilze 4.1 miliardiT gaizarda da 5 miliards miaRwia.4.2 globaluri ekologiuri problemebi.nebismier cocxal arsebas SeuZlia arseboba da ganviTareba mxolod im SezRudvebisfarglebSi, romelsac mas misi saarsebo bunebrivi garemo uwesebs. Sesabamisad evoluciisprocesSi cocxali organizmebi cdiloben maqsimalurad moergon garemo pirobebs.adamiani sxva cocxali arsebebisagan ZiriTadad imiT gansxvavdeba, rom cdilobs moargosgaremos pirobebi sakuTar moTxovnilebebs.93