Dokument_1.pdf (24284 KB) - OPUS Bayreuth - Universität Bayreuth

15. SUMMARY 176
however, was ten times higher than of water or hexanol. The phase diagram illustrates this by
the loss of decan the lamellar phase holds up but the interlamellar distance must decrease. For
the ordered sample in the microslide this procedure works like a forced dilatation which
forces the formation of the parabolic focal conics.
The well developed patterns are not stable for long. Very slow flow movements of the sample
can be detected. Flow movements of the entire sample arise. The flow can be obstructed by
places of malfunction such as bubbles. Thus distortions in the pattern are forced. It could be
shown that such distortions formed a new stable rhomb lattice with new symmetry after
changing the 90° angle from the square to a 60° angle. This new pattern belongs to the
maximum value of distortion of a regular parbolic focal conic pattern to an ellipse-hyperbulapattern.
It is interesting that the distinction of upper and lower focal layer disappears. This
lack of distinction is observed with all effects of aging of the parabolic focal conics. In order
to examine this behavior up further, investigations in samples with only a little lamellar phase
in coexisting L 3 -phase are proved as helpful. A development from highly ordered
pseudoisotropic areas of the L α -phase to accurately hexagonally arranged structures in a high
dynamic process was found. The elements of this structure behaved exactly like malteser
crosses under the polarization microscope. The characteristic properties of parabolic focal
conics were completely lost. The rhomb pattern formed from parabolic focal conics shows
some relation to these hexagonal structures. It is to be expected that the rhomb ellipsehyperbola-pattern
is slowly transformed to maltese like conics.