fundamentals of engineering supplied-reference handbook - Ventech!

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COMPUTER SPREADSHEETS A spreadsheet is a collection of items arranged in a tabular format and organized in rows and columns. Typically, rows are assigned numbers (1, 2, 3, …) and columns are assigned letters (A, B, C, …) as illustrated below. 1 2 3 4 5 6 A B C D E F A cell is a unique element identified by an address consisting of the column letter and the row number. For example, the address of the shaded cell shown above is E3. A cell may contain a number, formula, or a label. By default, when a cell containing a formula is copied to another cell, the column and row references will automatically be changed (this is called relative addressing). The following example demonstrates relative addressing. C3 = B4 + D5 If C3 is copied to The result is D3 D3 = C4 + E5 C4 C4 = B5 + D6 B4 B4 = A5 + C6 E5 E5 = D6 + F7 If a row or column is referenced using absolute addressing (typically indicated with the $ symbol), the row or column reference will not be changed when a cell containing a formula is copied to another cell. The following example illustrates absolute addressing. C3 = $B4 + D$5 + $A$1 If C3 is copied to Result is D3 D3 = $B4 + E$5 + $A$1 C4 C4 = $B5 + D$5 + $A$1 B4 B4 = $B5 + C$5 + $A$1 E5 E5 = $B6 + F$5 + $A$1 91
ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Factor Name Converts Symbol Formula Single Payment Compound Amount to F given P (F/P, i%, n) (1 + i) n Single Payment Present Worth Uniform Series Sinking Fund to P given F (P/F, i%, n) (1 + i) –n to A given F (A/F, i%, n) Capital Recovery to A given P (A/P, i%, n) Uniform Series Compound Amount Uniform Series Present Worth Uniform Gradient Present Worth Uniform Gradient † Future Worth Uniform Gradient Uniform Series NOMENCLATURE AND DEFINITIONS A ..........Uniform amount per interest period B ..........Benefit BV........Book Value C ..........Cost d...........Combined interest rate per interest period Dj .........Depreciation in year j F ..........Future worth, value, or amount f............General inflation rate per interest period G..........Uniform gradient amount per interest period i............Interest rate per interest period ie...........Annual effective interest rate m..........Number of compounding periods per year n...........Number of compounding periods; or the expected life of an asset P ..........Present worth, value, or amount r ...........Nominal annual interest rate Sn..........Expected salvage value in year n Subscripts j............at time j n...........at time n †...........F/G = (F/A – n)/i = (F/A) × (A/G) to F given A (F/A, i%, n) to P given A (P/A, i%, n) to P given G (P/G, i%, n) to F given G (F/G, i%, n) to A given G (A/G, i%, n) 92 i ( 1+ ) −1 n i n i( 1+ i) n ( 1+ i) −1 ( i) n 1+ −1 i ( ) ( ) n n 1+ i −1 i 1+ i ( ) ( ) ( ) n n n 1+ i −1 n − 2 i 1+ i i 1+ i ( i) n 1+ −1 1 − i NON-ANNUAL COMPOUNDING i e m ⎛ r ⎞ = ⎜1+ ⎟ −1 ⎝ m ⎠ BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS i 2 n − n i n ( 1+ i) −1 By altering the value of any one of the variables in a situation, holding all of the other values constant, it is possible to find a value for that variable that makes the two alternatives equally economical. This value is the breakeven point. Break-even analysis is used to describe the percentage of capacity of operation for a manufacturing plant at which income will just cover expenses. The payback period is the period of time required for the profit or other benefits of an investment to equal the cost of the investment. INFLATION To account for inflation, the dollars are deflated by the general inflation rate per interest period f, and then they are shifted over the time scale using the interest rate per interest period i. Use a combined interest rate per interest period d for computing present worth values P and Net P. The formula for d is d = i + f + (i × f)
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FUNDAMENTALS OF ENGINEERING SUPPLIE
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Published by the National Council o
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CONTENTS Units.....................
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CONVERSION FACTORS Multiply By To O
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Case 4. Circle e = 0: (x - h) 2 + (
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MATRICES A matrix is an ordered rec
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Taylor's Series f ( x) = f ( a) ( a
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MENSURATION OF AREAS AND VOLUMES No
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CENTROIDS AND MOMENTS OF INERTIA Th
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Numerical Integration Three of the
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PROBABILITY FUNCTIONS A random vari
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HYPOTHESIS TESTING Consider an unkn
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ENGINEERING PROBABILITY AND STATIST
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22 CRITICAL VALUES OF THE F DISTRIB
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FORCE A force is a vector quantity.
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26 y y y y y y C Figure Area & Cent
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28 y y y Figure Area & Centroid Are
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Normal and Tangential Components y
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M is the moment applied to the part
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The figure shows a fourbar slider-c
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It may also be shown that the undam
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UNIAXIAL STRESS-STRAIN Stress-Strai
Page 45 and 46: STATIC LOADING FAILURE THEORIES Bri
Page 47 and 48: Using the stress-strain relationshi
Page 49 and 50: DENSITY, SPECIFIC VOLUME, SPECIFIC
Page 51 and 52: The Field Equation is derived when
Page 53 and 54: Specific fittings have characterist
Page 55 and 56: FLUID MEASUREMENTS The Pitot Tube -
Page 57 and 58: DIMENSIONAL HOMOGENEITY AND DIMENSI
Page 59 and 60: MOODY (STANTON) DIAGRAM e, (ft) e,
Page 61 and 62: PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-COMPONENT SYST
Page 63 and 64: Mixers, Separators, Open or Closed
Page 65 and 66: SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS Therma
Page 67 and 68: Temp. o C T 0.01 5 10 15 20 25 30 3
Page 69 and 70: P-h DIAGRAM FOR REFRIGERANT HFC-134
Page 71 and 72: Gases Substance Air Argon Butane Ca
Page 73 and 74: RADIATION The radiation emitted by
Page 75 and 76: Use the cylinder diameter in the ev
Page 77 and 78: Shape Factor Relations Reciprocity
Page 79 and 80: For more information on Biology see
Page 81 and 82: Stoichiometry of Selected Biologica
Page 83 and 84: Avogadro's Number: The number of el
Page 85 and 86: 80 Specific Example IUPAC Name Comm
Page 87 and 88: MATERIALS SCIENCE/STRUCTURE OF MATT
Page 89 and 90: HARDENABILITY Hardenability is the
Page 91 and 92: POLYMERS Classification of Polymers
Page 93 and 94: Signal Conditioning Signal conditio
Page 95: An alternative form commonly employ
Page 99 and 100: ENGINEERING ECONOMICS (continued) 9
Page 105 and 106: B. LICENSEE’S OBLIGATION TO EMPLO
Page 107 and 108: Common Names and Molecular Formulas
Page 109 and 110: For mixtures of ideal gases: fi o =
Page 111 and 112: Distillation Definitions: α = rela
Page 113 and 114: Cost Segments of Fixed-Capital Inve
Page 115 and 116: Concentrations of Vaporized Liquids
Page 117 and 118: COARSE- GRAINED SOILS More than 50%
Page 119 and 120: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Influence Lines
Page 121 and 122: Pu A's As Mu A's As UNIFIED DESIGN
Page 123 and 124: SHORT COLUMNS Limits for main reinf
Page 125 and 126: GRAPH A.15 Column strength interact
Page 127 and 128: BEAMS: homogeneous beams, flexure a
Page 129 and 130: 124 CIVIL ENGINEERING (continued) B
Page 131 and 132: 126 CIVIL ENGINEERING (continued) A
Page 133 and 134: Fy = 50 ksi φb = 0.9 φv = 0.9 Sha
Page 135 and 136: ♦ 50.0 1.0 10.0 5.0 3.0 0.9 2.0 1
Page 137 and 138: ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN SELECTION T
Page 139 and 140: Kl r ASD Table C-50. Allowable Stre
Page 141 and 142: Open-Channel Flow Specific Energy 2
Page 143 and 144: Transportation Models See INDUSTRIA
Page 145 and 146: VERTICAL CURVE FORMULAS L = Length
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EARTHWORK FORMULAS Average End Area
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, METERS , METERS 144 ENVIRONMENTAL
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Cyclone Cyclone Collection (Particl
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FATE AND TRANSPORT Microbial Kineti
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LANDFILL Break-Through Time for Lea
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152 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (cont
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No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1
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Exposure Residential Exposure Equat
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TOXICOLOGY Dose-Response Curves The
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♦ Aerobic Digestion Design criter
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where R Cin = stripping factor H′
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Bed Expansion Monosized Multisized
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Stokes' Law V t 2 ( ρp − ρf ) g
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Resistors in Series and Parallel Fo
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RC AND RL TRANSIENTS v R + V 1 −
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AC Machines The synchronous speed n
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LAPLACE TRANSFORMS The unilateral L
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Fourier Transform Pairs x(t) X(f) 1
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FM (Frequency Modulation) The phase
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180 ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEE
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OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Ideal v2 vo
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FLIP-FLOPS A flip-flop is a device
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Standard Deviation Charts n A3 B3 B
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LINEAR REGRESSION Least Squares bx
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ERGONOMICS NIOSH Formula Recommende
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PERT (aij, bij, cij) = (optimistic,
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HYPOTHESIS TESTING Table A. Tests o
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ERGONOMICS U.S. Civilian Body Dimen
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202 INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING (continu
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The deflection θ and moment Fr are
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Failure by crushing of rivet or mem
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Only the tangential component Wt tr
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Cooling and Dehumidification ω Q
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Cycles and Processes Internal Combu
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Steam Trap Junction Pump See also T
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Compressor Isentropic Efficiency: w
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Infiltration Air change method ρ c
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compressible fluid, 50 compression
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jet propulsion, 48 JFETs, 182, 184
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esultant, 24 retardation factor R,
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State Code School Alabama Universit
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State Code School Minnesota Univers
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State Code School Virginia (Cont'd)
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