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~~-==-~~.:::...::-~._-- Direct construct. Inverted construct. Three elements. Reduplicated root. 100 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR gis-bur, 'instrument-to cut', gisburru, 'cutting instrument'. gen-gál, 'abundance+to be', ljegallu, 'abundance'. su-lug, 'hand+to wash', sululjlju, 'hand-washing'. guza-lal=guzalü,' stool-bearer'. gis-sal, 'wood+lacerate', 'lacerating wood' = 'whip', 'scourge " gisallu= ~T~~l 4. Two nouns in direcl construct relation : ki-in-sü, ' place of darkness', = nigi/!/!u, 'crevice, cave'. ab-zal
CHAPTER VII. Pronouns. § 155. Sumerian makes no distinction in form for the genders of First persono the first and second personal pronouns. The original root of the first person according to the grammarians is gin S e 284, which apparently became men at an early date. \Ve are inclined, however, to doubt tbe authority of the grammarians on this point, since gin> men may well be for {je the empbatic particle+en, a form of the verb 'to be', the whole meaning 'verily it is', often translated by anaku and atta 1 in the Semi tic idiom; thus me nu-gín and za-e nu-gín would be translated by ul anaku and ul atta, 'not 1, not thou'. As a matter of fact the Sumerian gín does not correspond to anaku and atta; the phrase actually means, , I verily it is not', 'thou verily it is not'. In the texts we often meet with gín or me-en employed in this sense without me or za-e, the real words for '1 and thou " as en-men, '1 am lord', or mulu gu sar-sar men, 'a tender of the garden plants art thou' 2. Thus aros e the erroneous notion that gin> men was the Sumerian word for I and tbou. The first person singular is regularly me-e =anaku for tbe status rectus; me-e dam-dam-ta (sic) =anaku assatu 3. me-e gal-lá-bi = '1 1. See RADAU, Ninib, the Determiner of Fates, p. 42, 1. 40 and note 4, p. 47. The third person Sü should also be expeoted. 2. SBP. 276 rey. 4. 3. ASKT. 130,63 . •
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3NOVS-1l0S-NO'IVH:J 'aNV~U1l3S: ·3
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ABBREVIATIONS Names oí Principal S
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ABBREVIATIONS VII SAl. Seltene Assy
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II PREFACE lonian and Assyrian cult
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CHAPTER 1. Historical OuUine. § 1.
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HISTORICAL OUTLINE 3 § 2. The pron
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HlSTORICAL OUTLINE 5 connected with
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HISTORICALOUTLINE 7 § 7; The inscr
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HISTORICALOUTLlNE 9 2. Eannatum; hi
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BISTORICALOUTLINE 3. Ensagkusanna;
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HISTORICAL OUTLINE 13 5. Gudea. The
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HISTORICALOUTLINE 15 Gala kazal-Url
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HISTORICALOUTLINE 17 5. LibiHstar.
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CHAPTERII. The Origin and Principal
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THE ORIGIN AND PRINCIPAL CHARACTERI
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CHAPTER III. The Phonetic Elements
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l ¡ i J \ THE PHONETIC ELEMENTS OF
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THE PHONETICELEMENTSOF SUMERIANAND
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THE PHONETJC ELEMENTS OF SUMERJAN A
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THE PHONETIC ELEMENT'S OF SUMERJAN
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THE PHONETJC ELEMENTSOF SUMERJAN AN
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THE PHONETICELEMENTS.OF SUMERIANAND
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THE PHONETIC ELEMENTS OF SUMERJAN A
Page 57 and 58: THE PHONETIC ELEMENTS OF SUMERJAN A
Page 59 and 60: THE DETERMINATIVES 51 1. ~T
Page 61 and 62: THE DETERMINATIVES 53 a kind of dru
Page 63 and 64: THE DETERMINATIVES 55 ~~nsim = ru(,
Page 65 and 66: THE DETERMINATIVES 57 lusirburla-(f
Page 67 and 68: THE DETERMINATIVES 59 of Elam. The
Page 69 and 70: THE DETERMINATIVES 61 93074, 6, sug
Page 71 and 72: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 63 By mean
Page 73 and 74: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 65 § 74.
Page 75 and 76: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 67 tbe gen
Page 77 and 78: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 69 bar, 'l
Page 79 and 80: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 71 25 a 6.
Page 81 and 82: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 73 beavens
Page 83 and 84: INFLECTlON AND POSTFIXES 75 liquor'
Page 85 and 86: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 77 § 103.
Page 87 and 88: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 79 went be
Page 89 and 90: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 81 'upon t
Page 91 and 92: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES regularly
Page 93 and 94: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 85 propert
Page 95 and 96: INFLECTION AND POSTFIXES 87 sá mi-
Page 97 and 98: INFLECTION'AND POSTFIXES 89 § 139.
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER VI. Nouns and Adjectives.
Page 101 and 102: NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES 93 mar (~T~H~)
Page 103 and 104: lO NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES 95 ereated'
Page 105 and 106: NOUNSAND ADJECTIVES 97 (only as con
Page 107: NOUNSAND ADJECTIVES 99 18, 19; 28,
Page 111 and 112: PRONOUNS 103 from the independent f
Page 113 and 114: PRONOUNS 105 K. 5423, occurs as the
Page 115 and 116: PRONOUNS 107 e-ne is really nothing
Page 117 and 118: •• ~ A- STATUS OBLIQUUS PRONOUN
Page 119 and 120: PRONOUNS 111 a, but the force of ha
Page 121 and 122: PRONOUNS 113 § 168. Sumerian emplo
Page 123 and 124: CHAPTER VIII. Numerals'. § 170. Th
Page 125 and 126: NDMERALS 117' only two lsa, and "\
Page 127 and 128: NUMERALS 119 20. ni8, SCHEIL,ibid.,
Page 129 and 130: NUMERALS 121 for 1/3 and 2/3 follow
Page 131 and 132: NUMERALS 123 plied severally to eac
Page 133 and 134: --- 'to direct the just' 'o (ki) e-
Page 135 and 136: THE VERB 127 ily derived by adding
Page 137 and 138: ~' TBE VERB 129 Thus ni, na, hi, ha
Page 139 and 140: ... ¡ THE VERB 131 be internally m
Page 141 and 142: THE VERB 1:33 absolute indifference
Page 143 and 144: THE VERB 135 and the middle voices
Page 145 and 146: THE VERB 137 in nam-nun-IU sag ma-a
Page 147 and 148: THE VERB 139 bi indicates a subject
Page 149 and 150: THE VERB 141 often toward the centr
Page 151 and 152: THE VERB 143 generally repeated in
Page 153 and 154: THE VERB 145 si reproduces causativ
Page 155 and 156: THE VERB 147 ka dü-dé gú-de-a z
Page 157 and 158: THE VERB 149 1'he majority of compo
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THE VERB J51 directly upon tbe exte
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THE VERB 153 filled with abundance'
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pendent clauses. arad nin-a-ni kena
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THE VERB 157 like the apsu he estab
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thee' 1. ü-ba-ra-e-ne 2 til-la-zu-
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THE VERB 161 ag-mu-sú d.nin-in-si-
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THE VERB 163 he had built for him E
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THE VERB 165 the great net of Enlil
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THE VERB 167 ation of the future si
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THE VERB 169 sag-ga-ni nu-mu-zu, 'i
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CHAPTER X Conjunctions' . § 229. T
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OONJUNOTIONS 173 § 233. The emphat
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CONJUNCTIONS 175 terror". The conju
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The simple form me-e only in syllab
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180 (12) pa-te-si galu gis-pi-túg'
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182 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR en dingi¡'nin
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184 (15) ki-dím ri-ba-ni (16) a-e/
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186 uso (16) é-nig-ga-za dap' ú-m
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• 188 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 21. dingir
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190 -.:::::;;.....::::... __ .~_._~
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192 55. nig-ur-tab-tab.ba 1 cl·gtr
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194 35. gís-gar-bi azag-azag-ga-á
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196 31. gidim-gul a-lá(l)-gul utuk
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198 26. nam kur-kur.ra tar-ri-da-ni
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-"., 200 ---'~---~- c..'-"-===~''"-
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tr i!p" i"· rl '1 ----------.-----
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204 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 1. ASIR, ASER,
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206 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR 53. bara-::Hga
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208 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR = nalfaru, bre
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210 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR DIL, Be concav
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212 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 1. DUR, Prince
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214 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR ambar-ra dú-s
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216 GIL, GlM, 1. GIN, Be firm, true
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_.~~~-=-~ 218 ----~------~--_._--._
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220 Der. nam-gú-slr = 1;;:il}ru. l
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222 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR IMI-TEG, Rave
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~ 224 SUMERlAN GRAMMAR KESDA, Bind.
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226 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR l. LAG, Be cle
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~ ---~~-- ____ 228 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR
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230 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 1. MURUB, Womb
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~--- ---=- --~.''''-----_._--~".,--
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----------- -- -~ --- ------- 234 S
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~..-._- -------_.~ --:-:o"'---~.:--
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----.....~-~- 238 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR
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o~ - 240 SUMERJAN GRAMMAIt 3. SIL,
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:tl ~, 242 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 2, 6. O
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'----_. 244 SUMERIAN • GRAMMAR wh
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246 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR ~'>' -'~- --==
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248 SUMEHIAN GRAMMAR 1. TUB, To rep
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250 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR inilu kissati,
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252 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR 31, 18. Innini
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254 5' SUMERIAN GRAMMAR who is prot
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256 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 3. USAN, Elami
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258 SUMERJAN GRAMMAR 3. zm, MeaI. z
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. XXVI, V 83. a SYLLABIC Jj ~ar~~ -
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il ea). - ~T bar ~- r . bar is not
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- ~ T~ im dlg lt~~~: ~-- ~~n ~(GU-
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LIST OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SYLLABlC
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-r ORIGINAL LIST OF THE MOST IMPORT
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ly 1/60. g'im gWl , ~- LIST OFANCIE
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O. 4686 rey. 3.J SUM ug 7 11111 ASS
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~ I ~CT.XV LlST OF THE MOST IMPORTA
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~ mTT •.... ~ :'n ~~T~T -v" W~ H
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~I ( I ~HH ft Sever, ~S ~
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kur 'it LIST OF THE MOST ASSYRIAN O
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p " .ll vv ~B ~H~ + ~Tn t:.f + t T~
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mus mug ~(Gudea) {;-
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mn ----_._~_.- ---.- ..- * LIST OFA
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1'UH -~~t LIST OF THE MOST IMPORTAN
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il á +~B ~~m (?) áSSYRIA:,( A:\CI
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~ l' l..ln sd ~BmY €7,0 4J~ §::t
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sigsin sir ck, ~ LIST OF THE MOST A
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un ul m :--.~ -~--------- - ium I I
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- ur rr* rmün ~ ;:~ .t'r ur " -.~-
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zá 302 ASSYRIAN SIGN ANClENT SIGN
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T INDEX1 a, Signs for, ;¿9, 32. In
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ha, Alter loan-words, § 22 and p.
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ADDENDA § 1. Kengin = Nippur. Note
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Page 8, note 1, 1. 2, read occurrin
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