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PRONOUNS 113
§ 168. Sumerian employs the word for 'thing, anything' (mimma),
nig in the sense of a relative relating to inanimate objects. As in the
case of galu, this word was originally an independent noun modified
by a participle, which later developed into a finite verbo nig ma-e ni­
zu-a-mu, '(that) which 1 kno\\-'. nig-naJn nig gál-la = 'everything
which exists', V R. 19 b 24.
nam the ordinary abstract prefix is reduced to am [v. p. 97J, which
may consequently be employed for ¡he relative neuter, as in am ud-zal­
la-ge = S(( wTi, in a phrase whose import is obscure, S BH. 77, 18.
Perhaps in enem::;¡¡... (fm name nwmmpadda-e-ne, 'thy word
which anyone cannot comprehend', IV R. 9 b 7 '.
ena, enna. connected wi th the \\-ord- en 'up to, unto' adi, appar­
ently deriyed from a noun enni, . fulness " is employed for the indefinite
relative mala' as many as'. dingil' nun-gal-e-ne an-lá-sál'-I'a e-n a
gál-la-ba, 'The Igigi of the expanse of heaven and earth as many as
~here be', K.4612, variant of IV R. 29, no. 1, 47 which has the harmonized
form a-na = mala. gan d.ningirsu-l{(( en-na w'u-a se-bi ni­
pad, 'From the field of Ningirsu as much as was cultivated thegrain
they have taken', SAK. 58 rey. II 7-8. In the later period the form
ana is more common. nig-su 2 a-na al-gál-a, 'The covering as much
as there is', IV R. 12 rey. 21.
§ 169. According to se 286 the Sumerians pronounced the word
for' self', (ramanu) as ni-i 'written a4t, a pronunciation which is
confirmed by the variant ni (:-n ) in ni menna-ta = ana iati", 'to me
myseW, KING, LIH. no. 99, 22. The sign t4..4t- = ramanu is glossed
ni in SBP. 32, 4 where the reflexive also precedes the pronoun which
it strengthens; ni munzal me-e = lustabra anaku I'amani, '1 myself
am satiated' 4. The root ni-i, strengthened by the element te (g),
1. The construction
2. Text zu.
is doubtful; anotber interpretation in Syntaxe 233, note 1.
3. So the Semi tic for ana I'amani-ia.
4. The passage in POEBEL, no. 14, 12, im-mu-ta
self', (ina I'amilni-su) indicates immu as a variant.
ni-du-e, 'he shall build it him·
For the cbange of n > m see
§ 42. The origin of the prosthetic vowel in imu, immu, is difficult.
GRAM. SUMo 8
Relatives,
im personal.
Reflexive.