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~64 SUMERIAN GRAMMAR
ki-gar-ra, 'built unto heaven', Gud. Cyl. A 9,11. an-ni im-us, 'it attains
unto heaven', ibid., 16. an-azag-gi ú-a ba-zig-gi, 'it is exalted ... unto the
pure heaven', Cyl. A 10,9. é-e im-ma-gin, 'unto the temple he went', Óyl.
A 18, 8. é-mu-lu-e tu-tu-ra-zu-dé, 'when thou enterest into the house
of man', Sm. 954 obv., 9. zágissirgal-e ba-gub=ana paruti izzizma,
'he stepped upon the alabas ter', VA Th. 251 obv. 21• bur-azag-gi lal­
geStin de-a, 'honey and wine poured into apure vase', Cyl. A 25, 15.
The same notion of motion toward an object may be carried into the
temporal sphere whence we get the so-called accusative of extent of time.
ud-kúr-e=ana arlrat umi, 'unto distant days', CT. IV, 17c 14, ordi­
narily written ud-kúr-Sú. The accusative of time is falsely used for
'time in which', in ud-ne-e=ina umu ann'i, 'on this day', K. 5135
rey. 19=V R. 50b 22.
Adverbial bi. § 72. The feeling concerning the usage of bi in the accusative made
itself particularly prominent on the adverbial side. Already in the clas­
sical inscriptions we have gibil-bi= essis, newly, Cyl. A 19, 22, and
igi-bi=ina pani-su, before him, ibid., 20, 6, where we should expect
gibil-sú and igi-ba. In translating texts the student must expect to find
forms with the suffix bi employed in a variety of ways and success in
discerning the force of any given example can be obtained only by consi­
derable experience. The adverbial notions of bi, expressed in Semitic
by ina or the suffix is, are due to the peculiar force of the accusative
ending in Sumerian. The Semitic ma'dis, greatly, may be expressed
in Sumerian either by the directive SÚ or by the directive accusative e, i,
hence we have ma{¡-bi and ma{¡-sú both for ma'dis.
imi-bi and imi-bi-sú = ina ramanisu, 'of himself'. The same force
may be found in the ni· of gamgamma-ni im-ta-ab-e =~adadanis ita¡:¡i,
'in humiliation he went forth', SBP. 218,11.
Oblique case. § 73. The obligue case or status obliguus, inflected with a has
--...=_--------~--_.---
several clearly defined usages, viz., locative, instrumental, dative and
temporal.
1. HROZNY, Ninib, p. 28; cf. 42, 38.