Properties of hemp fibre polymer composites -An optimisation of ...

a Wet oxidation conditions: 20-60 g Felina hemp fibres/l water; 10 bar O2; 170°C; 10 min.
Steam explosion conditions: 50 g Felina hemp fibres/batch; 200°C; 10 min.
b
Composition [% w/w]
100
80
60
40
20
cellulose hemicellulose lignin pectin water extractives wax Ash
0
64
75 74 74
14
16 16 15 14
12
10
7
3
5 4 2 3 2 4 2 4
7
3 5
2 2
3 4 4 3 3
1
0 1 1 1 1
1 1 1
Raw fibres WO (20 g) WO (40 g) WO (60 g) Raw fibres STEX (50 g)
Wet oxidation [g/batch] (Felina-hemp) Steam explosion(Uso hemp)
Hydrothermal treatment: 10 g retted Fedora hemp fibres/l water; 170°C; 10 min.
Wet oxidation conditions: 10 g retted Fedora hemp fibres/l water; 10 bar O2; 170°C; 10 min.
Steam explosion conditions: 50 g retted Fedora hemp fibres/batch; 200°C; 10 min.
Alkali: Wet oxidation: 5 g Na2CO3/l; Steam explosion: Impregnation: 50g Na2CO3/l for 1 hour.
Composition [% w/w]
100
80
60
40
20
0
cellulose hemicellulose lignin NCWM Ash
73
88 87
8 8 8
7
9
6
3
4 4 5
2
4 5 4
2
2
4
0
1
0 1 1
0
2
Retted fibres HT -alkali WO -alkali WO +alkali STEX -alkali STEX +alkali
90
Wet oxidation and steam explosion (Fedora-hemp after retting)
Figure 24. Chemical composition of the defibrated hemp fibres using wet oxidation and
steam explosion. a: Wet oxidation and steam explosion on untreated hemp fibres with
varied fibre addition (g fibres/batch) (Paper I). b: Effect of alkaline and oxidative
conditions during the treatments applied on retted hemp (Thomsen et al., 2005).
40 Risø-PhD-11
60
90
73
85