FIFTH CANADIAN CONFERENCE ON NONDESTRUCTIVE ... - IAEA

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- 378 - It incorporates many of the features of the commercial prototype although it lacks the w-rotation. Relative accuracies of ±18-20 MPa (standard deviation) have been obtained on annealed ferritic steel and cold worked Inconel 600 calibration beams, for example Fig. 9. The counting times used to obtain this accuracy are ~150s with another 90s in executing the o-motion of the X-ray tube. With streamlining of the software and improvements in data reduction measurement, times for fine grained ferritic steels will be further reduced (possibly by a factor of 2). In actual applications, the engineering version of the diffractometer gives results comparable with those obtained using a standard Phillips X-ray diffractometer modified for stress measurement (8), for example Fig. 10. SUMMARY The CANMET Protable Stress Diffractometer is designed for field and laboratory use. The design takes advantage of the error compensating feature of the single exposure technique, but still allows the investigation of stress distributions requiring multiple exposures. New detector and solid state electronics technologies have been applied to make it transportable for field use under clement conditions. It will be as accurate as standard laboratory equipment and have sufficient versatility for dedicated laboratory applications. A unique feature (the a-drive) allows the elimination of texture gradient and coarse grain size effects. A commercial prototype incorporating these features is currently under construction. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The CANMET Portable X-Ray Stress Diffractometer was conceived, and until his retirement January 198 1 !, developed, by CM. Mitchell of the Physical Metallurgy Research Laboratories (PMRL), CANMET, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada. The engineering model of the instrument was designed and made by Proto Manufacturing Ltd., Oldcastle, Ontario, in 1983 with funding from CANMET. The commercial prototype of the diffractometer will be made by the same company within the framework of the Program for Industry Laboratory Projects (PILP). We wish to thank J.A. Hunter of NRC for his enthusiastic support in the role of PILP Project Manager and D.W.G. White of PMRL for useful discussions and help in other ways.
- 379 - REFERENCES 1) Klug, H.P. and Alexander, L.E. X-ray Diffraction Procedures, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1954) p. 539 2) Dolle, H. Journal of Applied Crystallography, V.12, 489 (1979). 3) Maeder, G., Lebrun, J.L. and Spravel, J.M. N.D.T. International, 235 (October 1978). 4) Mitchell, CM. Proc. International Conference on Pipeline Inspection, Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Ottawa (1984). 5) Mitchell, CM. Advances in X-ray Analysis, V. 20, 379 (1977). 6) Ruud, CO. and Snoha, D.J. Journal of Metals, 33 (February 1984). 7) Schelten, J. and Hendricks, R.W. Journal of Applied Crystallography, V. 11, 297 (1978). 8) Winegar, J.E. Report No. AECL 6961, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd., Chalk River, Ontario, June 1980.
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q 11 Atomic Energy of Canada Limite
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ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA LIMITED FIF
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CINQUIEME CONFERENCE CANADIENNE SUR
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iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A special note
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DAY 2 KEYNOTE ADDRESS: Advanced Rad
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DAY1 KEYNOTE ADDRESS: Five Years Ex
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MB Power has a total generating cap
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The fourth lesson learned was that
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STATION UNIT Coleson Cove Coleson C
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0*'? - 8 - Ä | '••• '~-!.if~
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- 10 - 7/8 inch Titanium Tube 3D i
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The facility at CFB Greenwood was c
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CONDITION MONITORING - 14 - The Con
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- 16 - REDUCING UNWANTED EFFECTS ~
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- 18 - When this happens, the instr
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- 20 - (CJUIMTTCJW ROTOR BLADE SHOW
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- 22 - Un»hl«ld«d prob* - good b
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STEEL FASTENERS EXAMINATION OF FAST
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- 26 - SKIP FINNED TUHt •< IG 5 I
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To gain primary statistical informa
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- 30 - The next step in the develop
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Each firing of the capacitor banks
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- 34 - At the Bruce we have complet
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1 GARTER SPRING IN VERTICAL POSITIO
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DIGITAL READ OUT 3.595 TOIL ELEMENT
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- 40 - EVALUATION OF ULTRASONIC MET
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III MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS - 42 -
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C Real defects - 44 - Here we repor
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Flaw Figure 1: Schematic of experim
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0.5 E10 Q. 8 1.5 2.0 - 48 - Positio
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- 50 - Figure 6: Optical micrograph
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- 52 - specialized applications suc
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- 54 - As the probed surface is not
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- 56 - in practice the central frin
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- 53 - bipolar pulse, as it is seen
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- 60 - 18. J.-P. Monchalln and R. H
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Sample Lens Ultrasound - 62 - Detec
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CD CO c O Q. W 0 - 64 - Sin(7TfuT)
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- 66 - AUTOMATED ULTRASONIC TESTING
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- 68 - 2.1 Scanning Bridge and Imme
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- 70 - each waveform digitization t
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- 72 - Further development of the s
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TRANSDUCER SELECT/ PULSE CONTROL -
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SCAIIIIING BRIDGE COLOUR GRAPHICS D
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Figure J — Beam profile of 3.5 MH
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- 80 - an additional reverse magnet
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- 82 - reinitialise the stress depe
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BAR MAGNET IDEAL FIELDS MEASURED FI
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- 86 - Figure 4: Hysteresis loops f
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-150 H= 1.6 kA/m COMPRESSION -100 -
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- 90 - MAGNETISATION ANHYSTERETÎC
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(b) 19 mm diameter o Hard spot 19mm
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Q. I CO zL 2 (Ky) TYPICAL UNCERTAIN
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- 96 - Figure 14: Conceptual M-H be
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- 98 - characterization program bas
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- 100 - 1. Planar transducer: l.a.
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Fig. 1 1/JS - 102 - Echos observed
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- 104 - CAPABILITIES/LIMITATIONS OF
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- 106 - V = f* - 0.9 ak N [2] h. /^
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DISCUSSION - 108 - The results of t
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- 110 - FIGURE 1: Equipment Used fo
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FIGURE 4: - 112 - 5 10 IS 10 Depth
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FIGURE 6: Output of Computer Modell
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- 116 - "Events on earth consist in
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- 118 - now _n = Af (5) n where Af
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- 120 - REFERENCES 1. J.K. Feiblema
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PULSER IMMERSION TRANSDUCER WATER ^
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- 124 - 6. Ultrasonic frequency spe
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i I 1 i l - 126 - —j 10. Ultrason
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TIME RNFOSIS PLOT CRSF: - 128 - 1H.
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- 130 - THE INTRODUCTION OF REAL-TI
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5. QUALIFYING THE IMAGE - 132 - In
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- 134 - CONVENTIONAL FILM RADIOGRAP
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- 136 - 11.3 Computer Management of
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- 138 - Back end of system. The com
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- IAO - to be loaded properly into
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20. OPERATIONAL UTILIZATION - 142 -
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% -•'v/ FILM AND SCREENS ' \ INSI
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- 146 - By design, these A/E monito
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- 148 - a) enables an A/E monitor s
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- 150 - OTHER . CHANNELS CONVENTION
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DAY 2 KEYNOTE ADDRESS: Advanced Rad
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- 152 - ADVANCED RADIOGRAPHY FOR TR
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- 154 - for light weight and resist
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- 156 - available. Application exam
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- 158 - 28. V.J. Orphan, Science Ap
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CROSS SLIDE - 160 - AXIAL DRIVE : 3
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- 162 - Fig. 4. Two neutron radiogr
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INTRODUCTION (Continued) - 164 - Pr
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- 166 - SENSITOMETRIC QUALITY CONTR
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- 168 - MAKING THE TRANSITION TO AU
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(Continued) - 170 - The primary mec
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UJNXKAST o Indicated: o Calculated:
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- 174 - F»LM_i5=l£B_ DATE22=22=ß
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- 176 - RECENT MICROFUCUS X~RAY IMA
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ABSTRACT - 178 - WET CHANNEL INSPEC
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- 180 - 5) an eddy current probe to
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- 182 - tube, say 0.5-1.0 metre, so
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - 184 - Many peopl
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- 186 - TABLE 3 Operational Objecti
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Pressure Tube Fuel -Carter Spring S
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«AC UUSU«O«HII INCUMKTM - 190 -
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Inlet or Outlet £nd Outlet 2m - 19
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- 194 - AN ADVANCED HEAT EXCHANGER
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- 196 - storage terminal. However,
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2.4 Data Processing Subsystem 2.4.1
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- 200 - display parameter set could
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5. PLAYBACK - 202 - A tape playback
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" * 0 0 MOkE* i SUN! SOW A 1 3* ~V
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SLHHT POU 422/14 - 206 - x •* F-R
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- 208 - The recent failure of a Zir
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- 210 - probe in its operating envi
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- 212 - The eddy current and wall t
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6. SUMMARY - 214 - The failure of a
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+2.5%p Lift Off •* - 216 - +5% Wa
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0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 c .1 2 o
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0 -0.25 -0.50 -0.75 -1.00 -1.25 i 1
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- 222 - CHECKING FOR CRACKS IN GAS
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- 224 - on the fringes. (The sensit
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Figure 1 18 MW gas turbine rotor, p
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- 228 - Figure 3 Weak penetrant ind
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- 230 - Figure 7 All signals superi
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- 232 - Figure 11 Frequency respons
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- 234 - row 3 sent to 0 4 n 1Vor?d.
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1. INTRODUCTION - 236 - In-service
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- 238 - treatment, and bending are
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- 240 - With an AC coil surrounding
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- 242 - against magnet position, tr
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6. SUMMARY - 244 - Conventional edd
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10 1 Centre Magnet 2 Keepers 3 End
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A - II' Concentric Groove 0.1 mm de
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- 250 ON THE RELATION BETWEEN ULTRA
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- 252 - Following a brief descripti
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CONCLUSION - 254 - In order to veri
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- 256 - 13. R.L. Smith, F.L. Rusbri
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Ultrasonic Instrumentation - 258 -
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100 a (m" 1 ) 10 f Slope = 4 10 - 2
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- 262 - ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING O
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- 264 - Metal components with class
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- 266 - Any recognizable fibre dama
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- 268 - FIGURE 1 EXPULSION OF FIBRE
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100 95 LU LU 5 S 90 ^"-85 K H H 80
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- 272 - FIGURE 6 SENSORS AND PREAMP
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900 800 700 i/> 600 H Z O 500 U 400
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- 276 - ACOUSTIC SORTING OF GRINDER
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- 278 - 6e P = Po c - St or p = p0
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- 280 - (9) for hardened steel. All
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- 282 - but not reseted, so the com
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- 284 - GOOD CRACKED 0 2 4 6 8 0 2
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0 - 286 - Figure 5: Resonance frequ
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- 288 - GOOD 0 .8 1.6 2.4 3.2 Level
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- 290 - THE BENEFITS OF NDT TRAININ
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- 292 - C.S.N.D.T. Chapters continu
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- 294 - The groundwork is in place.
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- 296 - The graduates of these prog
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- 298 - CERTIFICATION OF NONDESTRUC
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- 300 - (e) A differing but persist
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250 200 150 100 50 Magnetic Particl
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LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE R.S. Sh.an.
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- 305 - Another 'near future 1 need
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- 307 - NDE OF STRUCTURAL CERAMICS
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- 309 - The system described in thi
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and - 311 - S = a 2j for XR>a (2) S
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TRANSCEIVER digital signal display
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m "O -30 z o Ul -40 u. Ul ce o o Ü
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- 317 - deep penetration in same fo
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- 319 - the density by »w3 to 7%.
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density 10 3 kg/m 3 dissipation fac
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(0 60 g40 «MM "5. 3 O ü Cö §20
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60 PZT7 Vp " - 325 - o A —polariz
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Page 343 and 344: - 329 - Fig. 8: Typical Outputs of
Page 345 and 346: - 331 - ULTRASONIC ANALYSIS OF VOID
Page 347 and 348: - 333 - function is approximated by
Page 349 and 350: PULSER/RECEIVER OSCILLOSCOPE SPECTR
Page 351 and 352: to •a I a. a Ê £ < IS i-o 00 -
Page 353 and 354: Figure 5: Frequency spectra from: (
Page 355 and 356: - 341 - 100 150 Void Diameter (jjm)
Page 357 and 358: - 343 - TIME (ns) Figure 9: Peak ti
Page 359 and 360: - 345 - COMPUTER SIMULATION OF ULTR
Page 361 and 362: pu = T XX + T Xy tt x y pV = T Xy +
Page 363 and 364: - 349 - linear system of equations
Page 365 and 366: - 351 - These boundary conditions a
Page 367 and 368: 10. EXAMPLE - 353 - The following e
Page 369 and 370: 3 "/A ! - 355 - 1 I 2 I Figs. 1-4.
Page 371 and 372: INTRODUCTION - 357 - The inspection
Page 373 and 374: - 359 - A 3 by k array was construc
Page 375 and 376: INVERSION PROBLEM - 361 - The inver
Page 377 and 378: - 363 - the right of coils 1 to 6,
Page 379 and 380: —- ••;•••• 'IM i lüi
Page 381 and 382: - 3hl 2 3 4 OISTANCE (mm) Figure h.
Page 383 and 384: - 369 - a) 0.080 X 0.010 X 0.004" 5
Page 385 and 386: - 371 - DISTANCE ;,n(m) Figure 9b
Page 387 and 388: - 373 - INTRODUCTION X-ray diffract
Page 389 and 390: and - 375 - e a -^(a + a ) + —-
Page 391: - 377 - The commercial prototype is
Page 395 and 396: - 381 - incident x-ray beam diffrac
Page 397 and 398: - 383 - Fig. 5(a). 200 W X-ray tube
Page 399 and 400: - 385 - Fig. 7. Head of the commerc
Page 401 and 402: - 387 - APPLICATIONS OF NEUTRON DIF
Page 403 and 404: peaks which are easily measurable.
Page 405 and 406: - 391 - directions around the circu
Page 407 and 408: I.-3 TRIPLE-AXIS NEUTRON SPECTROMET
Page 409 and 410: Ad hki£ d hkil xlO 3 - 395 - INTER
Page 411 and 412: - 397 - Fig. 5 Longitudinal, tangen
Page 413 and 414: I - INTRODUCTION - 399 - Polyethyle
Page 415 and 416: - 401 - This together with the expr
Page 417 and 418: - 403 - (5v/v)fit must be considere
Page 419 and 420: Transducer Signal - 405 - P.E.(p.v)
Page 421 and 422: ü .CO ü m O o CÖ g •4—> Q 2.
Page 423 and 424: - 409 - The present study was carri
Page 425 and 426: - 411 - Since tomographlc Images ar
Page 427 and 428: - 413 - bore axis, were scanned. Th
Page 429 and 430: - 415 - normally measured with a sh
Page 431 and 432: (a) L (b) ic) 1 - 417 - •HwK- |3A
Page 433 and 434: Figure A : Orientation of the casti
Page 435 and 436: - 421 - APPENDIX A Determination of
Page 437 and 438: ÜJ I/) 1 ce TO PE/ a. 100 90 - 80
Page 439 and 440: - 425 - This paper will concentrate
Page 441 and 442: - 427 - Ultrasonic and radiographie
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- 429 - A micrograph of the laminat
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- 431 - 2. Holography requires disp
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- 433 - 10. Green, D.R., Schneller,
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- 4 35 - Fig. 2 (a): cross-section
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10 _ 0.1 1_ 0.01 0.1 1 - 437 - TIME
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• •' '
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HEATING PULSES DETECTOR " -—FILTE
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- 443 - 5 10 POSITION (mm) Fig. 10
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- 445 - MATERIALS EFFECTS ON ACOUST
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- 447 - orientation of these specim
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- 449 - determined experimentally f
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STRUCTURE •^ TRANSDUCER (S) - 451
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- 453 - 500 PRESSURE (KPO) LEAK DIA
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Caron, V. Energy Mines & Resources
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Mclntyre, Dent Babcock & Wilcox Can
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ISSN 0067-0367 To identify individu
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