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selection arid prepordtloii ul' c\llliilita. 'Tlie I~C~IIII~ILI~ I)IU\~S LI~C~LII \\IISII I;irgc-sc,~le multipl~catio~i of a speclea is leqilircd 111 oilier \\orti> IIIIS c\pI;ili~:, IS USC~III tbr ni1croprupng;itloli :1101ic ;ilid i)gutic cliibr)o b;lsctl c11Ilu1i.a \\ere IIOI coliaitlcrcd :IS 1dc;ll for l~~~isfur~ii~~t~o~i stiid~eb, Ullicr e\pl,1111h II~S IIIII~I;IIIII~ co~~lclluiis (Sli11,111~1 L)
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GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF Cicer ari
Page 4 and 5:
Certificate Ger/$ed /La/ /Ae eldire
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I deem il as a great pleastire to e
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CONTENTS ABBREVIAI'IONS SUMMARY LIS
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3.2.2.3 Shoot elongat~on 3.2.2.4 Ro
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ABBREVIATIONS 2-il' 2-isopci~~cnpl
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frequency was observed wit11 2,4,5-
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in vitro grown plants w;is ocli~eve
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LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Pr~~iier c
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Table 4.1 1 Effect ul'age uf lhe ex
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Figure 4.1 A - D inducl~on of sonla
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Figure 4.9 A - C Alternative llleti
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Figure 4.15 A, B Restriction analys
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Figure 4.20 A, B DNA profile of gen
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1'1.0 INTRODUCTION L~fe is the ter~
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them. About 10% of the Earth's land
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observations GkI Shull's experiment
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(Nene and Haware, 1980). The legume
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jf.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE Large par
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plants from them enlhuscd scientist
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introduction into protoplasts using
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evident by 1983 that the Agrobacter
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The above promoters were found to b
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gained an illstant popi~larity owi~
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legume crop species. Cotyledon expl
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1994). Clonal propagation of FI int
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were induced to for111 callus when
Page 56 and 57:
' the ernblyos into plantlets on MS
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and nprII for selection. PCR and So
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Agrobacleriuiii and ill otlier expe
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ioteclinologicsl i~iiprovemel~t of
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combinat~ons and concentrdtions of
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egenerated via somatic eliibryogene
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egenerat~on from protoplasts and ca
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transformants were identified by sy
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urgent econoniical control measures
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applications of traps. Technically
Page 76 and 77:
in the laboratory and releasing tl~
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have been exhaustively reviewd (Dai
Page 80 and 81:
larvae of certaln Insects were unab
Page 82 and 83:
3.1 Pl:~nt 111nteri:il sllrl cultur
Page 84 and 85: 0.5. 2.0 and 5.0 pM were added. 111
Page 86 and 87: Lec!/i?is: Young anci juve~iile lea
Page 88 and 89: AM3 explant: This was a by-product
Page 90 and 91: PM) 2nd GAJ (2 5 PM), eltller singl
Page 92 and 93: of the plastic bag was removed rwlc
Page 94 and 95: - . -- laopropyl alcoliol ; Absolul
Page 96 and 97: The sl~des were Illell muiaited and
Page 98 and 99: 6. The bupcniatant \\,I,, t,ikcli i
Page 100 and 101: 5. Microcal~lers were allowed to se
Page 102 and 103: till the growtli of bacterial cells
Page 104 and 105: ;I! 37 'C for 3-24 Iiours 111 d;irL
Page 106 and 107: PCN for 111cl.4 ge!iiJ: I'C'I< tbr
Page 108 and 109: 4. Tliu pel \\as \r;~alicd 3 ti~iir
Page 110 and 111: 4.0 RESULTS $loaf of tllc c\l~cr~~l
Page 112 and 113: These combi~iatiori sl~owed liiorc
Page 114 and 115: egeneratloll \!;IS dli'licull ;~nti
Page 116 and 117: decreased a[ cllkalinc pH \+li~le 1
Page 118 and 119: either side of'bws;tl portiol~ oill
Page 120 and 121: IBA sl~owed bro\\~~i~~g i~lld de:~l
Page 122 and 123: humidity uf 50% 111 the dayrinie a1
Page 124 and 125: 4.2 Histological studies ~II nlultl
Page 126 and 127: sliowetl no liirtlie~ yrowlli Tllc
Page 128 and 129: Conlirmntioll of plllati!e t~.~ll~a
Page 131 and 132: 5.0 DISCUSSION During tile la31 dcc
Page 133: leatlets (Dilieshkuniar er al.. 109
Page 137 and 138: appropriate conce~itralio~i of TDZ
Page 139 and 140: cotyledoli incl~ided. Aalllary ~iii
Page 141 and 142: terms of leaflel ~norpholugy atid i
Page 143 and 144: wilting or drylng of tl~e pliints.
Page 145 and 146: molecul~ir analysis of tlic I'III~~
Page 147 and 148: with a variable copy 11~11nber CBI
Page 149 and 150: Explant Preparation -Germmate seeds
Page 151 and 152: Altieri, M.A., Whitcomb., (1980) We
Page 153 and 154: Proceedings of rhr Natiorlul Acader
Page 155 and 156: Biron, D., Vincent, C., Giroux, M..
Page 157 and 158: Chilton, M.D.. Drummon, M.H., Merlo
Page 159 and 160: Bucrllirs rhrrrmgre~iesis subsp. Is
Page 161 and 162: Dillen, W., Clercq, J. de., Goossen
Page 163 and 164: Cella, R., Falavigna, A., (eds.) Cl
Page 165 and 166: Gavidia, I., Zaragoza, C., Segura,
Page 167 and 168: Gulati, A., Jaiwal, P K., (1990) Cu
Page 169 and 170: Hooykaas, P.J.J., Klapwijk, P.M., N
Page 171 and 172: ~ .- Jones, B., Davey, MR., (1991)
Page 173 and 174: Khan, M,R.l., L.M., Heath, L.C., Sp
Page 175 and 176: Last, D.I., Brettel, R.I.S., Chanib
Page 177 and 178: Malik, K.A., Khan, S.T.A., Saxella,
Page 179 and 180: Mickel, C.E , Standish, J.. (1947)
Page 181 and 182: egeneration in excised cotyledon cu
Page 183 and 184: Parr, J.F., (1974) Effects of pesti
Page 185 and 186:
' Potrykus, I., Spangenberg, G., (1
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Rech, E.L., Golds. T.J., Hammatt. N
Page 189 and 190:
Ryan, Clarence A., (1990) Proteasr
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.'/' ' Sh kar, S., Ram, H. Y. M., (
Page 193 and 194:
Stiff, C.M., Leuba, V.. Sun. 9.. Le
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.-A. Uawithya, P , Tuntitippawan. T
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__-- Wa_a_s5JL(l1)96) "Yes. But Doe
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Zambryski. P., Holsters, bl., Kruge
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2. Fixative used for fisntio~~ of t
Page 204 and 205:
Table 4.2 Induction of elnbryos 011
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Table 4.4 Induction of embryos 011
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~ Table 4.7 lnductio~~ of multiple
Page 211 and 212:
Table 4.9 Effect of pH of tile clll
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Table 4.11 Effect of age of tllc es
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Table 4.13 Effect of media composit
Page 217 and 218:
'Table 4.15 1.etl1nl dose testing :
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I'relii~rutior~ ofi~xillary ~lleris
Page 224 and 225:
Figure 3.4 llestrictio~~ Innp of tl
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Itestrictiol~ III;I~) 01' the plasn
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Induclio~~ of son~atic cn~bryos fro
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Effect uf co~~centrr~tio~t of BAP o
Page 250:
.A cu~irj~lr~t~ scl~clrie 01' rcgel
Page 256:
C!osrr ol)sei~v:~~iuri tlc\~clo~)i~
Page 260:
CliS I~i~locl~cl~tic;~l ;I,s;I) of
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l:iyuris 4.18 IY'lt ;~ri~l~Ijl'ic;l
Page 268:
1:igitt.e 4.?O 1)S.t 111.uIile 01'
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