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I'C'R :~llipLiiir:iriuil 01'700 bl) S~;I~IIIPIII ul'iipi Ii FCII(. fro111 1111' g~ilolllic DN,\s 01' 'Ic, p~l~ci~iiliuii 1)1:11ilb ~~:III~~'UFIIIC~ will^ lit cry1:U~ :III~ SU'I'i zeilc\ sia ~~,~~o/~~I~~~~~~IIIJI-III~L~~:I~c~~ lr:i~i~lor~~~:iliu~~. \. II~J/II-I'C~< of 111:111ts tv;i115lor111cd ~ v k i ~ I ~ [)llS723:iit ~~LIII~~~I~III~~I~ ~:IIII[IIC\ si.1 .~I~~~~b~i~~r~i.i~r~~~-rl~ctli~~tecL ~I~;IIIS~'~I~III:I~~UII. 1,:tnes 1 cu 1U liad eoi~u.ui i111i1 I ? Iu I7 r\cl.c pu,ili!c ;IIIII 5111ii\ IIIC ;~i~~])Iilici~cioi~ of i1~1tll XCIIC. ~.:IIIP I I ~icg:~~is' cu~ilvolb I'rolll pl:lsnlid 1111SiZD:Iil 115cd I'or ~I;I~I\~'UI-III:I~~OII, 1 :III(, I3 i\ -DNA;III(I h. L)\.-i-lJ.\tE 11 III:I~~;~I' \Y;I\ ;idiic
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GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF Cicer ari
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Certificate Ger/$ed /La/ /Ae eldire
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I deem il as a great pleastire to e
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CONTENTS ABBREVIAI'IONS SUMMARY LIS
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3.2.2.3 Shoot elongat~on 3.2.2.4 Ro
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ABBREVIATIONS 2-il' 2-isopci~~cnpl
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frequency was observed wit11 2,4,5-
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in vitro grown plants w;is ocli~eve
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LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Pr~~iier c
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Table 4.1 1 Effect ul'age uf lhe ex
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Figure 4.1 A - D inducl~on of sonla
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Figure 4.9 A - C Alternative llleti
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Figure 4.15 A, B Restriction analys
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Figure 4.20 A, B DNA profile of gen
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1'1.0 INTRODUCTION L~fe is the ter~
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them. About 10% of the Earth's land
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observations GkI Shull's experiment
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(Nene and Haware, 1980). The legume
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jf.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE Large par
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plants from them enlhuscd scientist
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introduction into protoplasts using
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evident by 1983 that the Agrobacter
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The above promoters were found to b
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gained an illstant popi~larity owi~
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legume crop species. Cotyledon expl
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1994). Clonal propagation of FI int
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were induced to for111 callus when
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' the ernblyos into plantlets on MS
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and nprII for selection. PCR and So
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Agrobacleriuiii and ill otlier expe
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ioteclinologicsl i~iiprovemel~t of
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combinat~ons and concentrdtions of
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egenerated via somatic eliibryogene
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egenerat~on from protoplasts and ca
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transformants were identified by sy
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urgent econoniical control measures
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applications of traps. Technically
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in the laboratory and releasing tl~
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have been exhaustively reviewd (Dai
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larvae of certaln Insects were unab
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3.1 Pl:~nt 111nteri:il sllrl cultur
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0.5. 2.0 and 5.0 pM were added. 111
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Lec!/i?is: Young anci juve~iile lea
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AM3 explant: This was a by-product
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PM) 2nd GAJ (2 5 PM), eltller singl
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of the plastic bag was removed rwlc
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- . -- laopropyl alcoliol ; Absolul
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The sl~des were Illell muiaited and
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6. The bupcniatant \\,I,, t,ikcli i
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5. Microcal~lers were allowed to se
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till the growtli of bacterial cells
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;I! 37 'C for 3-24 Iiours 111 d;irL
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PCN for 111cl.4 ge!iiJ: I'C'I< tbr
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4. Tliu pel \\as \r;~alicd 3 ti~iir
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4.0 RESULTS $loaf of tllc c\l~cr~~l
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These combi~iatiori sl~owed liiorc
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egeneratloll \!;IS dli'licull ;~nti
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decreased a[ cllkalinc pH \+li~le 1
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either side of'bws;tl portiol~ oill
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IBA sl~owed bro\\~~i~~g i~lld de:~l
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humidity uf 50% 111 the dayrinie a1
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4.2 Histological studies ~II nlultl
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sliowetl no liirtlie~ yrowlli Tllc
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Conlirmntioll of plllati!e t~.~ll~a
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5.0 DISCUSSION During tile la31 dcc
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leatlets (Dilieshkuniar er al.. 109
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used with an add111ou;ll care :u~d
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tissue to regenerate illto lesser i
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prololigcd culture on TUL sho\\~d 1
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exceed 5 cni Icngtl~. Loiigcr shoot
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stem and lravca Secol~d;lrq ~'IIICI
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arnplitication of the sopccIi\i. 90
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Explant Preparation -Geminate seeds
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6.0 REFERENCES Adkins, A.L.. Godwin
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Avenido, R.A., Hattori, I
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Benfey, P.N., Chua, N.1-I., Ilcgiii
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Cnrvalho. IC1.H C dc , Uui Vat1 LC
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Chu, P.W.G., Andersoli. B.J., Khan.
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Deblaere, R., Reyneerts, A., Hotte,
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Drun~mond, M.H., Gordoil. M.P., Nes
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Foster, J.G., Coulombe, B.A., Van S
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Gill, R., Saxstla, I'.K., (1992) Di
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Hess, D., (1970) Versueche zur tran
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Hopkinson, M.J. ;md Collins, I1.M.,
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Karthikeyan, A.S., Sarina, K.S., Ve
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Krens, F.A., Molendijk, L., L., Wul
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Li, Z.Y., Tanner, G.J., Larkin. P.J
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Maxan~, A.M., Gilbert, W., (1977) A
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field conditions. Procc.rdbigs o/Na
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Ohara, A., Akasako, Y., Daimon, H.,
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llechrnlics sur les prnidilies des
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Rand, G.M. (Ed.) (1995) Ftordir~~rc
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Richardson, M.J., (199 I ) Seed sto
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Sarria, R., Calderon, A., Thro, A.M
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Shri, P.V., Davls, T.M., (1992) Zen
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Tegeder, M. Koli~i, I-I., Nibbbe, M
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Venkatachalam, P., Klshor, P.B.K.,
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Winans, S.C., (1992) Tiyo way chemi
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1 APPENDIX 1. hIURASRICE AND SI(SO)
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Table 4.1 Induction of sorrlalic er
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Table 4.3 111ducti011 of en~bryos O
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'Table 4.6 Dificrent combinations o
Page 210 and 211: Table 4.8 Effect oI'TDZ, 2-iP :~nd
Page 212 and 213: Table 4.10 Effect of i~lclusio~~ or
Page 214 and 215: Table 4.12 Induction of multiple sh
Page 216 and 217: Table 4.14 Effect of media constitu
Page 218: Figure 3.1 Dii~gralll~l~i~tic rcpre
Page 222: Figure 3.3 A - C Diagrn~nn~atic rep
Page 225 and 226: I . Nhu 1 51 ?C,%- .pal5125 &pa1512
Page 228: I
Page 232: Induction of somatic embryos from m
Page 238: I.iy111. J.5 SI:i;i.\ iil ~ ~ l ~ ~
Page 254: IIistologic:~l stutlic\ of dcveiopr
Page 258: Rc\[ricfiot~ ;111;1l)si\ ur ill? ~
Page 264: l:iyuris 4.18 IY'lt ;~ri~l~Ijl'ic;l
Page 268: 1:igitt.e 4.?O 1)S.t 111.uIile 01'
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