Territorial Review Copenhagen - Region Hovedstaden

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4 Competitiveness and Governance, Directed by Mario Pezzini, Deputy Director of the Directorate of Public Governance and Territorial Development. This Review was coordinated and drafted by Olaf Merk, Administrator, under the supervision of Lamia Kamal-Chaoui, Head of Urban Development Programme. Individual contributions were provided by Ian Hawkesworth (governance chapter), Michael Donovan (housing and sustainability), Kazuko Ishigaki (infrastructure and land use planning) and Elsa Pilichowski (local capacity). Erin Byrne prepared the Review for publication.
5 Table of contents Chapter 1: The competitiveness of copenhagen .............................................. 6 1.1 The position of Copenhagen ..................................................................... 29 1.2 Profile of Copenhagen‘s economy ........................................................... 44 1.3 The performance of Copenhagen ............................................................. 53 1.4 Determinants of urban competitiveness .................................................... 60 1.4.1 Human skills ...................................................................................... 60 1.4.2 Innovation .......................................................................................... 76 1.4.3 Entrepreneurship ................................................................................ 80 1.4.4 Urban amenities ................................................................................. 84 1.4.5 Transport infrastructure ..................................................................... 98 1.5 Conclusion .............................................................................................. 102 Chapter 2: Policies to strengthen competitiveness ...................................... 104 2.1 Regional and urban policy ...................................................................... 113 2.2 Visions for the region ............................................................................. 122 2.3 Skills policies.......................................................................................... 126 2.4 Innovation policies ................................................................................. 135 2.5 Entrepreneurship policies ....................................................................... 140 2.6 Infrastructure policy ............................................................................... 150 2.7 Urban amenities ...................................................................................... 166 2.7.1 Housing and urban renewal ............................................................. 166 2.7.2 Environmental policy and sustainability initiatives ......................... 178 2.7.3 Cultural policies ............................................................................... 189 2.8 Conclusion .............................................................................................. 193 Chapter 3: metropolitan governance in copenhagen .................................. 205 3.1 The regional government framework ..................................................... 205 3.2 Intergovernmental co-ordination ............................................................ 214 3.2.1 Metropolitan co-ordination .............................................................. 214 3.2.2 Co-ordination between central government and Copenhagen ......... 217 3.2.3 Representation of interests of Copenhagen in Danish parliament ... 219 3.2.4 Governance mechanisms in Øresund ............................................... 221 3.3 Metropolitan finance .............................................................................. 223
Page 1 and 2: Territorial Review Copenhagen Preli
Page 3: 3 Acknowledgements This Review was
Page 7 and 8: 7 Assessment and Recommendations Co
Page 9 and 10: 9 Its international ranking is mixe
Page 11 and 12: 11 The lack of skill is of paramoun
Page 13 and 14: 13 qualifications of immigrants and
Page 15 and 16: 15 more than twice average full-tim
Page 17 and 18: 17 Commercialisation of research co
Page 19 and 20: 19 surpassed only by Spain and Swed
Page 21 and 22: 21 in the suburban periphery, while
Page 23 and 24: 23 emissions by 25% since 1990 and
Page 25 and 26: 25 and the other municipalities in
Page 27 and 28: 27 instruments at its disposal. A s
Page 29 and 30: 29 Chapter 1: The competitiveness o
Page 31 and 32: 31 Figure 1.2. Map of Copenhagen an
Page 33 and 34: 33 other areas in Denmark are more
Page 35 and 36: 35 Figure 1.5. Map of Copenhagen an
Page 37 and 38: 37 Figure 1.7. Regional GDP in % of
Page 39 and 40: 39 Copenhagen plays a crucial role
Page 41 and 42: 41 Figure 1.8. Monthly unemployment
Page 43 and 44: 43 Figure 1.10. Co-patents between
Page 45 and 46: 45 Table 1.4. Employment and value-
Page 47 and 48: 47 Table 1.6. Overview of studies o
Page 49 and 50: 49 capital. As Table 1.7 shows, the
Page 51 and 52: Rank Total Accounting Advertising F
Page 53 and 54: 53 Potential of a more integrated
Page 55 and 56:
55 Figure 1.12. Economic growth in
Page 57 and 58:
57 If a broader definition of econo
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59 …but is only moderately succes
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61 Region. The variation in tertiar
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63 Education and skills Education o
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65 Øresund as part of the solution
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67 Under-utilisation of immigrants
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69 Figure 1.18. Share of foreign-bo
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71 the countries that attract the m
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73 both the public and private sect
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75 figures in the THES rankings of
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77 (FORA, 2008). This is in line wi
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79 most other OECD countries (OECD,
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81 Several OECD countries score bet
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83 fewest procedures in the world f
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85 recorded in the OECD (OECD, 1999
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87 50 000 population; New Zealand:
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89 ensuring that these 38 000 dwell
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91 progress has been made - the lev
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93 the region‘s groundwater aquif
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95 rising sea levels (which could r
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Car theft per 1000 inhabitants (200
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99 challenges, such as delays and c
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101 Figure 1.34. Congestion in sele
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immigrants and students, who enter
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105 8 Copenhagen metropolitan regio
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107 ranking rates 200 universities
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109 32 One notable exception is the
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111 44 Københavns Energi (Copenhag
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114 governments and the majority of
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116 main challenges for the region
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118 Box 2.1. Economic linkages betw
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120 technicians. Since the Structur
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122 Figure 2.1. Denmark’s plannin
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124 by openness, quality consciousn
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126 2.3 Skills policies Recent labo
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128 exams. This system gives univer
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130 municipality, which in principl
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132 intention of developing and spr
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134 highly skilled migrants. Such p
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136 the effectiveness of innovation
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138 they suggest that exploratory r
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140 bureaucratic. First-tier fundin
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142 The priority on high-growth ent
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144 Creative entrepreneurship Preli
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146 therefore be targeted at these
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148 A current constraint in busines
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150 2009 will provide some first in
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152 Box 2.4. Ørestad development-I
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154 dealing with the expected incre
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156 but it does not have clear prio
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158 In designing a detailed scheme
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160 of demand management tool in th
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162 elasticity of short-distance lo
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164 bridge construction but for stu
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166 The consequence of the Fehmarn
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168 Local and national housing poli
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170 increased by approximately 40%
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172 disproportionately affected. Th
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174 in Denmark (Andersen, 2008). Mu
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176 Given the diversity of the buil
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178 them from implementing more pro
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180 guidelines in the forthcoming C
Page 182 and 183:
182 A wide range of environmental i
Page 184 and 185:
184 Denmark's National Board of Hea
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186 conditions, and natural ventila
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188 mandated to integrate respect f
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190 with a further EUR 220 million
Page 192 and 193:
192 inter-linkages between economic
Page 194 and 195:
194 Although these national framewo
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196 schools, teachers and pedagogue
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198 17 In 1997, the average price f
Page 200 and 201:
200 literature and case law that mu
Page 202 and 203:
202 eco-project that will be showca
Page 205 and 206:
205 Chapter 3: metropolitan governa
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207 regional level, the 16 existing
Page 209 and 210:
209 and education. Expenditure for
Page 211 and 212:
211 Administrative boundaries do no
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213 Figure 3.5. Dominance of the co
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215 airport, a new metro line betwe
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217 instruments, it has funds at it
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219 Box 3.3. Relations between metr
Page 221 and 222:
221 Figure 3.6. Under-representatio
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223 Authority, set up to deal with
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225 providing services to other mun
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227 municipalities in Copenhagen wa
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229 3.4 Political leadership The Ci
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231 mayors; permitting only the eco
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233 While international migration m
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235 Human resources management in t
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237 developed, notably by the natio
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This governance framework poses cha
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241 Annex 1: Conceptual Framework T
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243 over 1980-2003, confirm the pre
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245 efficiency of the labour market
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247 population growth was strongly
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249 specialised places are better s
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251 trend can mainly be explained b
Page 253 and 254:
253 partnerships between firms and
Page 255 and 256:
255 workers. Even though relative p
Page 257 and 258:
257 indicators such as GDP per capi
Page 259 and 260:
259 institutional proxies of commun
Page 261 and 262:
261 Bibliography Acs, Z. and C. Arm
Page 263 and 264:
263 Bikes Belong (2008), ―Bicycli
Page 265 and 266:
265 CBS (2005e), A Mapping of Danis
Page 267 and 268:
267 City of Vancouver (2007), ―Re
Page 269 and 270:
269 Demographia (2008), ―4th Annu
Page 271 and 272:
271 Faugert, S. et al. (2004), ―E
Page 273 and 274:
273 Gyourko, J. and J. Tracy (1989)
Page 275 and 276:
275 Konkurrencestyrelsen (2004), Ko
Page 277 and 278:
277 Meijiers and Romeim (2003) ―R
Page 279 and 280:
279 OECD (1996), Innovative Policie
Page 281 and 282:
281 Rappaport, J. and J. Sachs (200
Page 283 and 284:
283 Statistics Denmark (2008) ―IN
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