Conducting a Participatory Situation Analysis of.pdf - Global HIV ...

nuclear family, including grandparents, aunts, uncles,
cousins, and in-laws.
Field notes: Formal and informal records of a data
collector’s observations, thoughts, and conversations
during data collection.
Field site: Location of a program or activity (e.g.,
school, clinic or community).
Field supervisor: Manages quality control of data collection
and oversees day-to-day work across the data
collection sites. Also provides overall guidance to the
team leaders as well as interviewers in the effective
implementation of data collection.
Field team leader: Oversees several interviewing teams
in a particular data collection site and ensures quality
performance of interviewers.
Focus group: Group of people from the target population
or stakeholders for the issue under study. Focus
groups are a means of gathering targeted information
through open-ended questioning of a group of people.
Focus group discussion: Data collection method that
identifies issues, terms, and interpretations from a
group of individuals with similar characteristics.
Food security: Security of a household’s access to a
consistent source of food.
Frequency: Univariate (single variable) measure used to
summarize a number of observations (e.g., the education
level completed by out-of-school youth).
Frequency distribution: Arrangement of statistical
data that shows the frequency of occurrence of the
values of a variable.
Graph: Presentation of data that shows characteristics on
a horizontal and vertical axis.
Head of household unit or guardian: The husband
in a household that is composed of a husband and
wife. In a household where a husband does not regularly
live or in a household where the husband and/or
wife is deceased, the head of household is the individual
with decision-making and/or financial management
responsibilities. Includes child-headed
households.
Household: Group of people who share the same space
to sleep and share common meals; also where there is
caring for children below the age of 18. A person living
alone, or a group of unrelated people sharing the
same space to sleep and eat, such as partners or
roomers, is also a household. Note: several households
can exist under one roof.
Household inventory: Itemized list of current assets or
property of a household.
Household survey: Data collection that is conducted
by going from household to household in order to
recruit participants for the study.
Incidence: Rate of occurrence of something in a
population.
Inconsistent data: Responses to one question that are
not consistent with responses to other similar questions.
In-depth interview: Typically an exchange between one
interviewer and one respondent. The objective is to
gain perspectives, reflections, and observations from
persons who have special knowledge, status, or access
to information that would not be available to the
interviewer by other means.
Indicator: Indicator provides evidence that a certain
condition exists or certain results have or have not
been achieved. Indicators enable decision-makers to
assess progress toward achievement of intended outputs,
outcomes, goals, and objectives.
Influential audience: Audience (e.g., government ministers)
who have the capability to act on the findings
and recommendations of a situation analysis.
Informed consent: Permission obtained from individuals
participating in an interview before the interview is
conducted.
Interpretation: Analysis step that involves identifying
and explaining the core meaning of the data.
Interval variable: Type of continuous variable whose
value does not have a meaningful “zero” equivalent
(e.g., temperature and IQ scores).
Interview: Intensive, often one-to-one exchange or
meeting at which information is obtained from a person.
Group interviews, such as focus group discussions,
involve the interviewer gathering information
from more than one person.
Interviewer and moderator: Individual who is
trained to collect qualitative and quantitative data
through interviews or discussion groups.
Key informant: Respondent who has special knowledge,
status, or access to observations that are important
to the program and who is willing to share his or
her knowledge and skills.
Level of significance: Probability with which one
wants to be certain that the magnitude of change did
not occur by chance.
Conducting a Participatory Situation Analysis of
Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV/AIDS
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