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Experience from the Field: Dissemination That Mobilizes The OVC situation analysis in Namibia resulted in 1 main technical report and 13 regional subreports.The sub-reports contained the information—current and projected—relevant to each of the regional councils.The situation analysis was timed to coincide with Namibia’s National Orphans and Vulnerable Children conference and was the basis for moving forward with a national program of action. Regional councils were tasked with disseminating the information within their regions and ensuring that the subject of orphans and vulnerable children was added to the regional HIV/AIDS forum.To coordinate this and OVC programming, a national OVC committee was established.A report was also circulated to all parliamentarians and all key line ministries and OVC stakeholders and media. Representation on the OVC committee was then b expanded to ensure national and regional inclusion.Three years later, this committee became the Orphans and vulnerable Children Permanent Task Force, which reports directly to the Cabinet. • Increased instances of communication between community stakeholders and policymakers. • Increased accuracy in the information that stakeholders share in dialogue or debate. • Number, variety, frequency, and persistence of forces that can be mobilized to use the knowledge generated. • Changes in the situation of OVC attributable to the analysis findings. • Increased long-term news media coverage of OVC issues (as measured by content analysis over time). • Allocation of funds or government support for OVC in line with the analysis recommendations. 84 Guidelines and Tools
Chapter Seven: Translating Data into Action The Advisory Team plays its most vital role—rallying datadriven action—after the situation analysis report is complete and the findings are publicly available. Regardless of the scale (national or sub-national) of the situation analysis, four fundamental actions naturally follow a situation analysis of orphans and vulnerable children: (1) undertaking consultation and coordination, (2) developing a strategic action plan, (3) establishing monitoring and evaluation strategies, and (4) defining or re-defining a policy and regulatory framework. Advisory Team members can use the analysis data to engage other stakeholders in advancing efforts to achieve these four actions and, thereby, improve programs for vulnerable children and their families. This chapter offers suggestions on how situation analysis data may facilitate action on the findings, discusses the four fundamental actions noted above, and presents illustrative examples of how analysis findings can support community mobilization and inform programming. Of course we need to do careful planning and deliberation about the actions we shall take, but any moment spent on deliberations that does not lead to decisive action in support of orphans and other children made vulnerable by AIDS is a moment tragically wasted. —Nelson R. Mandela African Leadership Conference on HIV/AIDS September 2002 I. Facilitating Data-Driven Planning and Action Mobilizing action among policymakers, community leaders, organizations, and the public requires, as a first step, increasing awareness of the impacts of HIV/AIDS on children and families. Such awareness, by itself, may generate sympathy, but not necessarily action, so it must be linked with efforts to generate a broadly shared sense of responsibility to support and protect those affected and a clear vision of how to do so. The four key areas previously noted—consultative planning, strategic action plan, monitoring and evaluation strategies, and policy/regulatory framework—offer a comprehensive way to translate situation analysis findings into action. Consultative Planning and Coordination Presenting the situation analysis findings and recommendations at a broadly inclusive conference is a venue where Advisory Team members can encourage collective ownership of the situation of OVC and initiate action. If the analysis was limited to several districts (e.g., those with high HIV/AIDS prevalence), a geographically focused conference is viable. The typical aim of a planning conference is to establish or revisit coordination structures for advancing solutions to the needs of OVC. During the conference, data from the situation analysis and other sources of information can be used to develop basic principles and guidelines for establishing consensus on the status, goals, priorities, standards of care, coordination, and interventions for a full-scale response. Involving government officials and key leaders and ensuring they are briefed on the analysis findings beforehand enables them to draw attention to emerging problems and can help attract conference participants and media attention to the event. Other influential voices include those who can amplify and transmit key messages, such as religious leaders and popular sports or entertainment figures. Public health officials likely do not need to be convinced about the importance of dedicating time and resources to HIV/AIDS mitigation; however, the same cannot be said for policymakers in other sectors, who must confront pressing priorities of their own. The situation analysis data can be used to trigger and validate responses and involvement by multiple sectors, such as the education and agriculture sectors (e.g., food security issues). Beyond increasing the visibility of problems, a conference can help lay the groundwork for an enabling environment by: • Initiating discussion and consensus on situation analysis findings and recommendations • Persuading ministries and organizations (both those that are involved and those that are not involved) to identify and commit to roles and actions • Identifying potential resources • Initiating or strengthening coordination, ongoing dialogue, networking, and building partnerships • Generating support for a strategy to strengthen the capacity of affected children, families, and communities • Promoting support and actions on recommendations The situation analysis findings can motivate stakeholders to lead a mobilization process that creates consensus on priority areas, enhances program reach and quality, increases resource leveraging, and promotes collaboration Conducting a Participatory Situation Analysis of Orphans and Vulnerable Children Affected by HIV/AIDS 85
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A Framework and Resource Guide Cond
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A Framework and Resource Guide Cond
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Preface For over a decade, stakehol
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Table of Contents Acronyms . . . .
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Abbreviations and Acronyms AIDS . .
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Introduction Worldwide, the number
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to them, but conditions will evolve
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Chapter One: Overview One of the mo
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could identify a Situation Analysis
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III. Overview of Situation Analysis
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and updated throughout the situatio
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are able to formulate and take resp
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Chapter Two: Situation Analysis Man
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Responsibilities of Technical Lead
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cially launch the primary data coll
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The role of a PSSP is to provide im
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Illustrative Organization Chart Sit
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Training In-Depth Interviewers and
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Situation Analysis Phase Planning 1
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Chapter Three: Data Collection Meth
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can then be designed to focus on th
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Page 45 and 46: may produce an endless list of topi
Page 47 and 48: themes or domains for the situation
Page 49 and 50: dren. For example, an FGD may incre
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Page 55 and 56: Existing Survey Data Collection Too
Page 57 and 58: Experience from the Field: Determin
Page 59 and 60: Chapter Four: Management of Data Co
Page 61 and 62: Gain access to field sites Gaining
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Page 67 and 68: Special note on selecting household
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Page 71 and 72: Chapter Five: Data Analysis This ch
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Page 81 and 82: Chapter Six: Reporting and Dissemin
Page 83 and 84: sis, but also ensure that no harm c
Page 85 and 86: Analytical approach The analytical
Page 87 and 88: Education District 1 District 1 Dis
Page 89 and 90: Creating a Terminology List One key
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Page 93: Working with the Media The media pl
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Page 99 and 100: AIDS, children living in extreme po
Page 101 and 102: Glossary of Terms Advocacy: Act or
Page 103 and 104: nuclear family, including grandpare
Page 105 and 106: Orphans: Children 18 years or young
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Page 109 and 110: References Demographics Loudon M. 2
Page 111 and 112: Orphans and Vulnerable Children in
Page 113 and 114: Appendix A: Resources Orphans and V
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Page 121 and 122: Appendix D: Ethical Considerations
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Page 127 and 128: Specific care for children with HIV
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Appendix H: Example Baseline Survey
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The 6- to 12-year-old children’s
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Section 2: Food Intake This section
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Section 3: Psychosocial Issues (con
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Section 4: Emotional Well-Being Che
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The 13- to 18-year-old children’s
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Section 2: Food Intake This section
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3.1: Background Information on Fath
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No. Q322 3.2: Background Informatio
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3.3: HIV/AIDS Issues and Relationsh
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No. Q351 Q352 Q353 Q354 3.3: HIV/AI
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3.4: Child/Guardian Relationship (c
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No. Q376 Questions and Filters How
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Section 4: Risk-Taking (continued)
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SECTION 0: IDENTIFICATION DATA 001
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Section 1: Background Characteristi
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Section 3: Perceptions of Guardians
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Section 3: Perceptions of Guardians
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Section 5: Household Economic Statu
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No. Q515 Q516 Q517 Q518 Questions a
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C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11
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Section 10: Household Access to Sup
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Section 1: Background Information N
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No. Q119 Q120 Q121 Questions and Fi
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Section 3: Household Head/Caregiver
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No. Q401 Q402 Q403 Q404 Q405 Q406 Q
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No. Q501 Q502 Q503 Q504 Q505 Q506 Q
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Appendix I: Example Consent Forms E
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Family Health International Institu
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