Literature review: Impact of Chilean needle grass ... - Weeds Australia

Literature Review Appendix
Appendix L1. Grass-feeding invertebrates of south-eastern Australian temperate grasslands
This is a partial compendium of published records of invertebrates occurring or thought likely to occur in south-eastern Australian lowland grasslands that are known to feed on grasses or particular
grass species found in these grasslands, plus a limited number of extra-Australian records of invertebrates known to feed on such grasses. Such taxa , except for Nematoda are listed in Table A2.1.
Nematodes of grasses are recorded in Table A2.2 and are discussed in more detail below. When an invertebrate taxon (other than nematodes) with recorded grass host is known not to be present in
south-eastern Australia the invertebrate is not included. Taxa where the recorded hosts are not known from temperate south-eastern Australia are also excluded (e.g. sugarcane). In many instances these
distributions could not be determined, so many taxa are probably listed that may not occur in temperate grasslands. The vast literature has been incompletely surveyed and there are certainly major
gaps. The tabulation provides the name of the invertebrate taxon, the life stage which feeds on grass, the known host plants, the host tissue eaten, the reference source, and miscellaneous notes for
various entries. An entry is included if both the plant and the invertebrate are recorded from south-eastern Australia, unless otherwise stated (in the ‘Notes’ column). Records for Nassella spp. are
highlighted in bold. * = introduced sp.
Table A2.1. Literature records of invertebrates and their grass hosts recorded in south-eastern Australia, excluding Nematoda.
Species
Life Family Order Host Host tissue References Notes
stage
Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) all Penthaleidae Acarina grasses Gregg 1997 seedlings most vulnerable
Penthaleus major (Dugès) all Penthaleidae Acarina grasses Gregg 1997 readily damages grasses, seedling most vulnerable
Nala lividipes (Dufour)
nymphs,
adults
Labiduridae Dermaptera *maize, *sorghum, *winter cereals seed, roots,
stubble
Allsopp & Hitchcock
1987
“usually feeds on decaying stubble but also eats
newly-sown and germinating seed and the roots of
crops” (Allsopp & Hitchcock 1987 p. 86)
grasshoppers all Orthoptera alpine grasses foliage Carr & Turner 1959 “extremely abundant in some years and in severaly
infested areas they shorten the sward
considerably“(Carr & Turner 1959 p. 19)
all Acrididae Orthoptera grasses foliage Rentz et al. 2003 most species “can be raised on grass”: see Rentz et
al. (2003) for details of individual acridid spp.
Teleogryllus commodus (Walker)
Gryllotalpa spp.
*Chirothrips ah Girault
*Chirothrips atricorpus Girault
*Chirothrips frontalis Williams
*Chirothrips manicatus Haliday
Table A2.1 (continued)
nymphs,
adults
nymphs,
adults
larva,
adult
larva,
adult
larva,
adult
larva,
adult
Gryllidae Orthoptera grasses and forbs, mainly damages
grass foliage
seeds,
leaves,
crowns
Browning 1954,
Heath 1968, Allsopp
& Hitchcock 1987,
Panetta et al. 1993,
Gregg 1997
“pasture seed loss – the most serious effect”
(Allsopp & Hitchcock 1987 p. 81). Feeds on the
crowns of grasses (Heath 1968, New Zealand).
“The main source of food ... is green grass”
(Browning 1954). Seedling predator.
*Nassella neesiana seeds Slay 2001 hollows out fallen seed in New Zealand (Slay
Gryllotalpidae Orthoptera *cereals, *sugarcane, lawns roots Allsopp & Hitchcock
1987
Thripidae Thysanoptera grasses, Austrostipa aristiglumis flowers Mound & Palmer
1972
Thripidae Thysanoptera *Sorghum, *Melinis repens flowers Mound & Palmer
1972
Thripidae Thysanoptera grasses flowers Mound & Palmer
1972
Thripidae Thysanoptera grass flowers Mound & Palmer
1972
2001)
breed only in the flowers of grasses
breed only in the flowers of grasses
breed only in the flowers of grasses
breed only in the flowers of grasses
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