Import risk analysis: Llamas (Lama glama) and alpacas (Vicugna ...

� The role of an IHS is to specify measures that must be complied with up to the
point of biosecurity clearance for imported risk goods. An IHS cannot include
obligations that apply post-clearance.
� The parasite could not establish in New Zealand unless cysts within carcasses were
eaten by dogs. A Controlled Area Notice under s131 of the Biosecurity Act (issued
by MAF on 5 th May 2010) prohibits the feeding of uncooked offal of camelids to
dogs. If the provisions of that notice are followed by owners of camelids, the
likelihood of hydatids transmission from imported camelids to dogs is negligible.
There are no practical measures to effectively manage the risk of hydatids in camelids that
are suitable for inclusion in an IHS on which to base a biosecurity clearance.
However, there are several options for the effective management of the risk in a postborder
setting. One or a combination of the following options could be considered:
1. At the time of importation, importers could be provided with information to inform
them of their obligations under the Controlled Area notice in regard to cooking
offal of livestock prior to feeding it to dogs, and in regard to controlling dogs so
that they cannot gain access to offal of animals that died on the premises. This
information could be contained in the Guidance Document accompanying the IHS,
or could be in another form.
2. Obligations could be imposed on importers and subsequent owners of imported
camelids (either by amending the current imported animals identification
regulations D or by some other regulatory mechanism) to report imported animal
deaths, thereby enabling oversight of appropriate carcass disposal.
References
References marked * were sighted as abstracts in electronic data-bases.
Ahmadi N, Dalimi A (2006). Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus isolates from human, sheep and
camel in Iran. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 6(2), 85-90.
Gauci C, Heath D, Chow C, Lightowlers MW (2005). Hydatid disease: vaccinology and development of the
EG95 recombinant vaccine. Expert Review of Vaccines, 4(1), 103-12.
Guarnera EA, Parra A, Kamenetzky L, Garcia G, Gutierrez A (2004). Cystic echinococcosis in Argentina:
evolution of metacestode and clinical expression in various Echinococcus granulosus strains. Acta Tropica, 92(2),
153-9.*
Heath DD, Holcman B (1997). Vaccination against echinococcus in perspective. Acta Tropica, 67(1-2), 37-41.
Heath DD, Jensen O, Lightowlers MW (2003). Progress in control of hydatidosis using vaccination--a review
of formulation and delivery of the vaccine and recommendations for practical use in control programmes. Acta
Tropica, 85(2), 133-43.*
D Biosecurity (Imported Animals, Embryos, and Semen Information) Regulations 1999
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import risk analysis: Llamas and alpacas from specified countries ● 123