The Impact of Media Concentration on Professional ... - OSCE

More documents

Recommendations

Info

1. <strong>The</strong> <strong>Impact</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Media</strong> <strong>Concentration</strong>on Pr<strong>of</strong>essional Journalism1.1 Democracy and Pr<strong>of</strong>essional JournalismCommunication is at the heart <strong>of</strong> human interaction. Essentialfor the quality <strong>of</strong> communication is the quality <strong>of</strong> information.<strong>The</strong> need for more and improved information, together with thefreedom to openly express and exchange opinions, increases aspeople are expected to actively take part in decision makingprocesses.While small groups can afford the luxury <strong>of</strong> communicatingface to face, the individual citizen <strong>of</strong> an open and democraticsociety depends on free and independent mass media toexercise his rights to information and freedom <strong>of</strong> expression.According to relevant judgments <strong>of</strong> the European Court onHuman Rights (ECHR), “Freedom <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Media</strong> (…) implies thatthe public has a right to a free media system, which providesoverall balanced, full and varied information. <strong>The</strong> underlyingidea is that a free system <strong>of</strong> this kind is an essential prerequisitefor a functioning democracy”. 1Be it newspaper articles, radio or television programmes –the work <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>essional journalists always stands behind mediaimparted information. <strong>Media</strong> companies may be industrial entitiesgoverned by general economic laws, but their produce isunlike anything else industry is taking to market. Journalistsare both heart and brain <strong>of</strong> the media. Journalists are vigilantwatchdogs observing those who hold political or corporatepower. Journalists are the sensors not only for social problems,1 Peter A. Bruck a.o., <strong>Media</strong> Diversity in Europe: Report to the Council <strong>of</strong> Europe(Strasbourg, Dec 2002).JOHANNES VON DOHNANYI 15
Page 3 and 4: REPRESENTATIVE ON FREEDOM OF THE ME
Page 5 and 6: ContentsPrefaceby Freimut Duve 9Int
Page 7: 6. Conclusions 187AnnexQuestionnair
Page 10 and 11: advertisement is very insecure, mak
Page 12 and 13: industrial lobbying groups still di
Page 16 and 17: ut also for positive developments.
Page 18 and 19: of Homeland Securi
Page 20 and 21: without distinction as to race, sex
Page 22 and 23: This legal void was filled for the
Page 24 and 25: of the press boils
Page 26 and 27: Daily newspapers have been hardest
Page 28 and 29: Because of their i
Page 30 and 31: in democratic societies have introd
Page 32 and 33: Uncontrolled concentration processe
Page 34 and 35: licences were allocated only to Sta
Page 36 and 37: During the last decade of</
Page 38 and 39: would become illegal. Hence the gro
Page 40 and 41: conservative. “Many artists, cons
Page 42 and 43: Mr. Franco Abruzzo, envisages the e
Page 44 and 45: As many of the med
Page 46 and 47: an unhealthy dominant position <str
Page 48 and 49: The continental Eu
Page 50 and 51: whole becomes de-politicized.” 49
Page 52 and 53: societies of Centr
Page 54 and 55: One of the worryin
Page 56 and 57: media) been unsuccessfully explored
Page 58 and 59: Since the end of c
Page 61 and 62: 2. The SurveyAs me
Page 63 and 64: about the sender was automatically
Page 65 and 66:
The issues that ne
Page 67 and 68:
mainly established news agencies an
Page 69 and 70:
een going from bad to worse. Workin
Page 71 and 72:
3. General Survey ResultsDialogue i
Page 73 and 74:
writing staff about both the editor
Page 75 and 76:
When it comes to the rating <strong
Page 77 and 78:
In-depth reporting (%) Fig. 7123459
Page 79 and 80:
Credibility and readership (%) Fig.
Page 81 and 82:
Cross-media ownership can be regula
Page 83 and 84:
Strengthening of d
Page 85 and 86:
Would you prefer having guidelines
Page 87 and 88:
eduction is on the table, the first
Page 89:
Do you think ownership and manageme
Page 92 and 93:
Average circulation/adult populatio
Page 94 and 95:
The data provided
Page 96 and 97:
in Hungary, but its main focus is m
Page 98 and 99:
specifically the Freedom of
Page 100 and 101:
Several newspapers of</stro
Page 102 and 103:
How influential is this works counc
Page 104 and 105:
On the questionHow important are th
Page 106 and 107:
Political loyality (%) Fig. 8123455
Page 108 and 109:
The Norwegian medi
Page 110 and 111:
How would you describe the situatio
Page 112 and 113:
5.2 Finland5.2.1 Country ReportCapi
Page 114 and 115:
cable company. In addition, a verti
Page 116 and 117:
survey could remember a single case
Page 118 and 119:
financial resources, the co-operato
Page 120 and 121:
Newspaper reach (%)All Adults 31.1M
Page 122 and 123:
5.3.2 Survey ResultsThe</st
Page 124 and 125:
At the same time, many of</
Page 126 and 127:
Good relations with the business co
Page 128 and 129:
The Norwegian medi
Page 130 and 131:
How would you describe the situatio
Page 133 and 134:
5.4 Hungary5.4.1 Country ReportCapi
Page 135 and 136:
While the broadcasting market was l
Page 137 and 138:
nationwide radio stations Hit Radio
Page 139 and 140:
Journalists’ FreedomAccording to
Page 141 and 142:
oughly US$ 7.600 and is about five
Page 143 and 144:
steadfastly refuse to enter in anyt
Page 145 and 146:
5.5 Italy5.5.1 Country ReportCapita
Page 147 and 148:
local newspapers include Gazetta di
Page 149 and 150:
• The Italian so
Page 151 and 152:
unification not so much to books, m
Page 153 and 154:
the parliament that “pluralism an
Page 155 and 156:
Newspaper reach (%)All Adults 50.5M
Page 157 and 158:
5.6.2 Survey ResultsIt is remarkabl
Page 159 and 160:
of advertisement m
Page 161 and 162:
Looking at modern mass media that <
Page 163 and 164:
5.7 Poland5.7.1 Country ReportCapit
Page 165 and 166:
PNP owns 100 per cent of</s
Page 167 and 168:
have been interested in eliminating
Page 169 and 170:
No wonder Polish journalists are be
Page 171 and 172:
may spot a name in an opinion weekl
Page 173 and 174:
5.8 Romania5.8.1 Country ReportCapi
Page 175 and 176:
Dan Voiculescu who is reported to b
Page 177 and 178:
the allocation of
Page 179 and 180:
These are the ques
Page 181 and 182:
Does advertisement influence the ed
Page 183 and 184:
Although most journalists in the sa
Page 185 and 186:
Have you ever been put under pressu
Page 187 and 188:
6. Conclusions• Globalisation has
Page 189 and 190:
them to be protected against undue
Page 191:
AnnexQuestionnairePrinciples for Gu
Page 194 and 195:
We would, therefore, like to ask yo
Page 196 and 197:
9. Does the newspaper have some kin
Page 198 and 199:
22. Which qualities of</str
Page 200 and 201:
Principles for Guaranteeing Editori
Page 202 and 203:
Guidelines to Safeguard the Indepen
Page 204 and 205:
y the editorial department. Any exc
Page 207 and 208:
ResearchersJohannes von Dohnanyi -
show all

The Impact of Media Concentration on Professional ... - OSCE

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?