The Impact of Media Concentration on Professional ... - OSCE

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5.6 Lithuania5.6.1 Country ReportCapitalVilniusPopulation 2003 (millions) 3.4Average annual income 2001 (US$) 3,350Source: BBC Country Pr<strong>of</strong>ilesWhile foreign media ownership is generally high in commercialbroadcasting, the print sector is still widely owned byLithuanian companies. Only the Norwegian company ORKLAholds the largest regional paper. <strong>The</strong> total number <strong>of</strong> 354newspapers is rather high for this small market.Number <strong>of</strong> daily titlesand circulation20015010050Number <strong>of</strong> DailiesCirculation2.5002.0001.5001.0005000Titles1995 1996 1997 1998 19990Circulation (000)Source: World Association <strong>of</strong> Newspapers (2003) World Press Trends 2003.154 THE IMPACT OF MEDIA CONCENTRATION ON PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISM
Newspaper reach (%)All Adults 50.5Men 50.8Women 50.2MHS (Main Household Shopper) 49.9Source: World Association <strong>of</strong> Newspapers (2003) World Press Trends 2003.<strong>The</strong> two leading Lithuanian papers are privately owned Lithuanianeconomic enterprises. Both papers have a publisher who is atthe same time the editor-in-chief. <strong>The</strong> leading daily, Lietuvos Rytas(50,000) is owned by G. Vainauskas, an entrepreneur with otherdifferent interests, inter alia printing plants, a TV magazine production,a basketball team and other different non-media relatedbusinesses. <strong>The</strong> paper emerged from the privatization <strong>of</strong> a formerSoviet daily.<strong>The</strong> second national daily is Respublika (30,000), foundedin 1991 by Mr. Tomkus. <strong>The</strong> company also owns a printinghouse and TV magazines. <strong>The</strong> largest Lithuanian daily, in terms<strong>of</strong> circulation is the recently founded tabloid Vakaro Zinios(80,000) which also belongs to Respublika.<strong>The</strong> Swedish media company Bonnier plays a small role inthe Lituanian print media owning the daily business paper VersloZinios (9,000) 96 .<strong>The</strong> Norwegian company ORKLA, that is also active inPoland, the Ukraine, and Denmark, owns the largest regionaldaily Kauno diena (40,000) in the Kaunas region. <strong>The</strong> regionalmarket is very important for daily newspapers and there isquite a number <strong>of</strong> small regional and local papers. Althougheach <strong>of</strong> them has a small circulation, the total number <strong>of</strong> copies96 European Federation <strong>of</strong> Journalists, Eastern Empires. Foreign Ownership in Central andEastern European <strong>Media</strong>: Ownership, Policy Issues and Strategies (EFJ, Brussels, 2003) 40.COUNTRY REPORTS – LITHUANIA 155
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REPRESENTATIVE ON FREEDOM OF THE ME
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ContentsPrefaceby Freimut Duve 9Int
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6. Conclusions 187AnnexQuestionnair
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advertisement is very insecure, mak
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industrial lobbying groups still di
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1. The Imp
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sidents” had been imprisoned. “
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determined Freedom of</stro
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co-operate fully with the OSCE Repr
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Such independence, however, comes a
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and mirror of the
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30 million rely exclusively on info
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Unchecked, concentration will reduc
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protected, a certain level
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indication of the
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time, as the concept of</st
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It appears, however, that this posi
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1.7 New Threats on the Horizon1.7.1
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owns or controls not only the three
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Target countries sometimes interpre
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independence proposed by the OSCE R
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groups to grow. And there is the in
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areas of Central a
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Directly or indirectly Mr. Silvio B
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Yet this simple notion appears to b
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newspaper firms. Using the argument
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a contribution to democratization a
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tation of this for
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This limitation in no way indicates
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press is ridiculous. Journalists co
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But these progressive aspects <stro
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Nevertheless, the loss of</
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may well be true for journalists fr
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Is there a works council at your ne
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will go to television, this being t
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Economic revenue (%) Fig. 61234510,
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Good relations with the business co
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Further, how can a newspaper, whose
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Service for civil society (%) Fig.
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The Norwegian medi
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Have you ever been put under pressu
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Do you feel threatened in your posi
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4. Number of Title
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5. Country Reports5.1 Germany5.1.1
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Süddeutsche Zeitung (463,000), Lei
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publisher, the Axel Springer Verlag
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A three directional strategy is wha
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5.1.2 Survey ResultsBacked by tradi
Page 103 and 104: Cross-ownership has also increased
Page 105 and 106: Economic revenue (%) Fig. 61234515,
Page 107 and 108: Service for civil society (%) Fig.
Page 109 and 110: Understandably all German journalis
Page 111 and 112: Do you feel threatened in your posi
Page 113 and 114: As also seen in Germany, the data p
Page 115 and 116: 5.2.2 Survey ResultsFinland compete
Page 117 and 118: Newspaper chains were the logical r
Page 119 and 120: 5.3 United Kingdom5.3.1 Country Rep
Page 121 and 122: • Daily Mail and General Trust: D
Page 123 and 124: Is there a works council at your ne
Page 125 and 126: Economic revenue (%) Fig. 61234510,
Page 127 and 128: Service for civil society (%) Fig.
Page 129 and 130: Do you feel free to voice and write
Page 131: Do you feel threatened in your posi
Page 134 and 135: Newspaper reach (%)All Adults 30.1M
Page 136 and 137: As regards ownership concentration,
Page 138 and 139: Financial BackgroundDespite the pre
Page 140 and 141: 5.4.2 Survey resultsIf Finnish jour
Page 142 and 143: of those mini-comp
Page 144 and 145: for example, is very clear on this
Page 148 and 149: 5.5.2 Survey ResultsAn anonymous It
Page 150 and 151: portfolio. In addition, as democrat
Page 152 and 153: Mr. Berlusconi’s TV advertisement
Page 156 and 157: is quite remarkable. The</s
Page 158 and 159: Lithuania is a small country with a
Page 160 and 161: Another tendency is that newspapers
Page 162 and 163: Only in 2003, the daily newspaper L
Page 166 and 167: October 22 2003 was an historic dat
Page 168 and 169: 5.7.2 Survey ResultsSince the end <
Page 170 and 171: y a mostly anonymous to the general
Page 172 and 173: On a daily, practical basis there
Page 174 and 175: Newspaper reach (%)All Adults 15Sou
Page 176 and 177: so-called “human interest” stor
Page 178 and 179: indicated that Rodipet applies a di
Page 180 and 181: 5.8.2 Survey ResultsAlthough a smal
Page 182 and 183: 12345Objectivity (%) Fig. 57,114,32
Page 184 and 185: Strengthening of d
Page 186 and 187: Do you feel threatened in your posi
Page 188 and 189: emerging CEE countries with regard
Page 190 and 191: - Create in all OSCE participating
Page 193 and 194: Organization for Security and Co-op
Page 195 and 196: 1. In which country are you working
Page 197 and 198: 17. Who defines the editorial line
Page 199 and 200: 29. How would you describe the situ
Page 201 and 202: - This common code of</stro
Page 203 and 204: Personal and business interestsIt i
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Orkla Media’s
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www.osce.org/fomJohannes von Dohnan
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