April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

More documents

Recommendations

Info

310 Optimisation of protoplast production in white lupin. Biol. Plant. 47: 21-25. Sutiojono, E., H.M. Nonhebel and A.S. Kantharajah. 1998. Factor affecting protoplast culture of Cucumis melo ‘Green Delica’. Ann. Bot. 81: 775-777. Vazquez-Tello, A., M. Hidaka and T. Uozumi. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from isolated protoplasts of Lavatera thuringiaca. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 40: 169-177. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) Widholm, J.M. 1972. The use of fluorescein diacetate and phenosafranine for determining viability of cultured plant cells. Stain Techno. 47: 189-194. Xu, Z.H. and H.W. Xue. 1999. Plant regeneration from culture protoplasts, pp. 167-180. In W.Y. Soh and S.S. Bhojwani (eds.). Morphogenesis in Plant Tissue Culture. Kluwer Academic Publishing, Dorddrecht. Zhu, L., B.Wang, J. Zhou, L. Chen, C. Dai and C. Duan. 2005. Protoplast isolation of callus in Echinacea angustifolia. Coll. Surf. B: Biointerfaces 44: 1-5.
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 311 - 318 (2007) Anti HSV-1 Activity of Spirulina platensis Polysaccharide Nattayaporn Chirasuwan 1 *, Ratana Chaiklahan 1 , Marasri Ruengjitchatchawalya 2 ABSTRACT Boosya Bunnag 2 and Morakot Tanticharoen 3 Aqueous extracts of Spirulina platensis were precipitated by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The hot water extract was found anti Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) activity at 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50) values of 21.32 µg/ml. Partial purification by gel filtration of the crude extract on Sepharose 6B column gave two fractions, SHP-F1 and SHP-F2, which revealed about 4 and 2 times higher activity than that of the crude hot water extract, respectively. The crude hot water extract was a polysaccharide with rhamnose as the main sugar component. Calcium ion and sulfate groups in this polysaccharide had major roles in antiviral activity. However, the crude hot water extract polysaccharide contained approximately 42% carbohydrate and 31% protein. Decreasing the amount of protein by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) resulted in higher purity of the crude hot water extract polysaccharide. Key words: Spirulina platensis, Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), polysaccharide INTRODUCTION Spirulina platensis is one of the edible microalgae that has been used as health food and feed for a long time. There is an increased interest in components of S. platensis because of their potential properties such as anti thrombin activity (Hayakawa et al., 1996), lowering cholesterol level and blood pressure (Kato et al., 1984; Nakaya et al., 1988). Herpes simplex virus type1 is a common human pathogen causing infections of the orofacial mucosal region (Whitley and Roizman, 2001). Over the past decade, the incidence and severity of HSV infection have increased due to the increase in number of immuno-compromised patients produced by aggressive chemotherapy treatments, organ transplant and human immunodeficiency infections. Acyclovir, a synthetic drug which has remarkable effect against HSV-1 infection, inhibits virus replication by acting on viral DNA synthesis (Elion et al., 1977; Schaeffer et al., 1978). Acyclovir-resistant HSV infections have emerged due to the increase in drug use frequency (Field and Biron, 1994). Therefore, many researchers have attempted to search for effective and 1 Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand. 2 School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand. 3 National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. * Corresponding author, e-mail: nattayaporn@pdti.kmutt.ac.th, nattayaporn1@yahoo.com Received date : 02/11/06 Accepted date : 04/12/06
Page 1 and 2:
April - June 2007 Volume 41 Number
Page 3 and 4:
KASETSART JOURNAL NATURAL SCIENCE T
Page 5 and 6:
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 205 -
Page 7 and 8:
harvesting time which started from
Page 9 and 10:
y Chen and Paull (2000). Figure 1 a
Page 11 and 12:
pineapple fruit allowed the accumul
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 215
Page 17 and 18:
Cluster analysis Cluster analysis u
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Table 3 (Continued) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
CONCLUSION AFLP markers classified
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
difference of soil texture used in
Page 31 and 32:
under wet soil condition planting.
Page 33 and 34:
tropics. Following the expansion, w
Page 35 and 36:
sealed in a plastic box with 1 cm w
Page 37 and 38:
moisture content increment after so
Page 39 and 40:
Frequency Frequency 30 20 10 0 20.0
Page 41 and 42:
School, Kasetsart University. The a
Page 43 and 44:
for combining ability of lines (Lam
Page 45 and 46:
selective mass sibbing within indiv
Page 47 and 48:
Although most of S 2-interfamily hy
Page 49 and 50:
composite sets as used in this stud
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
days. The numbers of calli producin
Page 55 and 56:
the report of Ching (1982) showing
Page 57 and 58:
clearly amplified bands generated b
Page 59 and 60: caused by either the recombination
Page 61 and 62: Kuhlmann, V. and B. Foroughi-Wehr.
Page 63 and 64: Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantif
Page 65 and 66: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 265
Page 67 and 68: was collected and washed with 70% e
Page 69 and 70: expected size was amplified with 35
Page 71 and 72: eaction technique has been used for
Page 73 and 74: Schaad, N.W., D. Opgenorth and P. G
Page 75 and 76: MATERIALS AND METHODS Model descrip
Page 79 and 80: calculated TF value calculated TF v
Page 81 and 82: sincere gratitude and deep apprecia
Page 83 and 84: 1989). In monogastrics, the inclusi
Page 85 and 86: of all LLS samples in this study we
Page 87 and 88: Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria. Goe
Page 89 and 90: considered responsible for low prod
Page 93 and 94: mineral supplementation suggested b
Page 95 and 96: Body weight chane (kg/head) 32 30 2
Page 97 and 98: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION With
Page 99 and 100: SAS. (Statistical Analysis System).
Page 101 and 102: genes covering a variety of desirab
Page 103 and 104: mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l zeatin) incub
Page 105 and 106: 5. Purification by various sucrose
Page 107 and 108: as the culture period increased. So
Page 109: culture, pp. 1-20. In L.C. Fowke an
Page 113 and 114: GC. Analytical methods Total carboh
Page 115 and 116: ash. The crude hot water polysaccha
Page 117 and 118: spirulan (H-SP), and a desulfated c
Page 119 and 120: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 319 -
Page 121 and 122: cells often displayed an increased
Page 123 and 124: LITERATURE CITED Bell, T.A. and D.V
Page 125 and 126: for alternative sources of supply.
Page 127 and 128: BR2.1.2 formed the same clade with
Page 129 and 130: supplement with glutamate (Iida et
Page 131 and 132: optimal for S. limacinum BR2.1.2 fo
Page 133 and 134: fluorescent lamp at 1.5 kLux develo
Page 135 and 136: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 335 -
Page 137 and 138: Wisconsin, USA). Total extracted RN
Page 139 and 140: RESULTS Cloning and sequencing of m
Page 141 and 142: Expression of rmIL-2 and purificati
Page 143 and 144: other strains of mice have differen
Page 145 and 146: dose interleukin-2 therapy promotes
Page 147 and 148: The chitosano-oligosaccharides are
Page 149 and 150: enzyme and cells were maximized by
Page 151 and 152: of crude chitosanases. Fortunately,
Page 153 and 154: Relative activity (%) 100 80 60 40
Page 155 and 156: Uchida, K. Tateishi, O. Shida and K
Page 157 and 158: MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Materials
Page 159 and 160: without coating and coated with pec
Page 161 and 162:
in Table 5-7. It was found that the
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
the cultures at 10,200 × g for 15
Page 167 and 168:
incubation and reached the final pH
Page 169 and 170:
y lysine- and tyrosine-decarboxylas
Page 171 and 172:
during the stages of ripening as su
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
As the 25 companies were divided in
Page 177 and 178:
All the data comes up with informat
Page 179 and 180:
as piece “A” or straight as pie
Page 181 and 182:
et al. (1998); Zeng (2000); and Tal
Page 183 and 184:
p 1, i * Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 4
Page 185 and 186:
c ≤ c2 jq2 j n q p k p * 2, j , ,
Page 187 and 188:
algorithm would consider RM 5, prio
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
the maximum deviation of about 10%.
Page 193 and 194:
Stock Quantities Using Heuristic Op
Page 195 and 196:
which dynamically and automatically
Page 197 and 198:
2. Framework architecture and compo
Page 199 and 200:
Risk (VaR) calculation which was im
Page 201 and 202:
Throughput (job/sec) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Page 203 and 204:
Speed up 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F
Page 205 and 206:
and discovery, resource selection a
show all

April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?