April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

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396 Grid computing (Foster et al., 2002) focuses on integrating geographically distributed resources into a unified system. Grid computing provides concept of Virtual Organization (VO) which is an integrated resources shared by real organizations, and it also has a well-defined architecture, services and protocols such as resource discovery, job submission, system monitoring and accounting, which are good patterns for designing and developing the utility computing system. The most well-known project in this area is Globus (The Globus Alliance, 2005a). Peer-to-Peer (P2P) computing is a class of applications that takes advantage of resources such as storage, CPU cycles, and content that are available on the Internet. There are two major categories of P2P system, P2P networking (file sharing) and P2P computing (CPU sharing), The P2P networking is a communication model in which each node (peer) has the same capabilities and either node can directly initiate a communication session. The P2P computing is a processing power sharing rather than a files sharing. Volunteer computing (Sarmenta, 2001) focuses on making computers to be a part of metacomputer dynamically when computing power is available. The topology of volunteer computing is usually similar to the third generation of peer-to-peer computing. The peer can be both client, who submits jobs to server (super-peer), and can be worker who dedicates itself to execute jobs. This includes system such as SETI@home (Anderson et al., 2002), Bayanihan (Sarmenta et al., 2002), and Alchemi (Luther, 2005). In this paper, we present a design and implementation of a framework called OpenUCI (Open Utility Computing Infrastructure) which is for constructing the utility computing infrastructure from Windows-based personal computers, because the most of computers in the organization are Windows-based operating system <strong>Kasetsart</strong> J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) and the most of users are familiar to Windows. To solve the resource virtualization and resource provisioning problems, OpenUCI framework provides many services such as resource collecting, resource monitoring, resource discovering, resource invocation, and etc. In addition, we use Microsoft’s .NET technology for implementing the OpenUCI system because it provides a powerful and comfortable development environment and it also provides ASP.NET Web service, a standard way for communication between systems. So, we can ensure that all OpenUCI’s components can work together and can communicate to other systems seamlessly. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Hardware and software requirements This paper develops and tests a framework on Windows-based system. The computers used in this development comprise one manager node, 32 worker nodes, and one user node. All nodes are connected with Fast Ethernet switch. The system configuration is shown in Figure 2. The software for developing and testing the framework is as follows: • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 • Microsoft Windows XP Professional • .NET framework redistributed 1.1 and 2.0 • Microsoft Visual Studio .NET 2003 and 2005 Figure 2 The windows cluster.
2. Framework architecture and components In this paper, utility service is a function provided by any computers. The utility service must depand on the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) technology such as .NET web services, and Grid services. The example of utility service is such web service for calculating risk of trading stock (VaR) (Rojanapanpat et al., 2005). The resource is an entity shared by a computer and can be computing power (CPU), storage, files and utility services. According to the utility computing system development problems mentioned before, Resources Virtualization and Resources Provisioning, the proposed framework, OpenUCI, must be designed to solve these problems. To deal with Resources Virtualization problem, OpenUCI must have mechanism to support the dynamism, heterogeneity, scalability, interoperability of resources. The mechanisms are such resource collecting for gathering resources and track its status, resource discovery used to find and select the resources, resource accessing which defines a unite way to use and interoperate resources and etc. In the Resources Provisioning problem, OpenUCI must provide mechanisms for creating virtual computing environments that can be automatically adjustable depending on demand of users. Moreover, OpenUCI must provide userfriendly interfaces and tools using OpenUCI system and accessay resources to users. The architecture of the OpenUCI framework is shown in Figure 3. There are four layers of the OpenUCI framework, i.e. resources, .NET platform, core services, and applications. 2.1 Resources layer Resources layer is the layer of shared resources distributed on the network. The shared resources consist of CPU, storage and utility services. 2.2 .NET platform layer .NET platform layer provides a runtime <strong>Kasetsart</strong> J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 397 environment, .NET framework, which OpenUCI system relies on. This layer also provides technologies for implementing OpenUCI system, and sharing resources. These technologies are .NET web services, .NET remoting and WSRF.NET. The resources can be shared via these technologies. 2.3 Core layer This layer provides a set of necessary services for building the utility computing infrastructure and supporting the basic functions of the application running on the utility computing infrastructure. The core services are classified into two groups according to our requirements. The core services that solve the resources virtualization problem consist of resource management service, data management service and execution management service. 1. Resources Management Service (RMS) is responsible for gathering resources distributed on the network and tracking the existence and status of resources. Moreover, RMS also provides mechanisms for resource discovery, resource reservation and etc. 2. Data Management Service (DMS) is responsible for transferring files and sharing files JOB MANAGEMENT RESOURCES MANAGEMENT .NET WEB SERVICES APPLICATIONS & TOOLS VIRTUAL COMPUTER MANAGEMENT RESOURCES PROVISIONING EXECUTION MANAGEMENT RESOURCES VIRTUALIZATION CORE SERVICES .NET WEB REMOTING .NET PLATFORM USER MANAGEMENT DATA MANAGEMENT WSRF .NET CPU STORAGE SERVICE RESOURCES Figure 3 The OpenUCI architecture.
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April - June 2007 Volume 41 Number
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KASETSART JOURNAL NATURAL SCIENCE T
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Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 205 -
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harvesting time which started from
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y Chen and Paull (2000). Figure 1 a
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pineapple fruit allowed the accumul
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Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 215
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Cluster analysis Cluster analysis u
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Table 3 (Continued) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
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CONCLUSION AFLP markers classified
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difference of soil texture used in
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under wet soil condition planting.
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tropics. Following the expansion, w
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sealed in a plastic box with 1 cm w
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moisture content increment after so
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Frequency Frequency 30 20 10 0 20.0
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School, Kasetsart University. The a
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for combining ability of lines (Lam
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selective mass sibbing within indiv
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Although most of S 2-interfamily hy
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composite sets as used in this stud
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days. The numbers of calli producin
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the report of Ching (1982) showing
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clearly amplified bands generated b
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caused by either the recombination
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Kuhlmann, V. and B. Foroughi-Wehr.
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Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantif
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was collected and washed with 70% e
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expected size was amplified with 35
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eaction technique has been used for
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Schaad, N.W., D. Opgenorth and P. G
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Model descrip
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calculated TF value calculated TF v
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sincere gratitude and deep apprecia
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1989). In monogastrics, the inclusi
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of all LLS samples in this study we
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Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria. Goe
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considered responsible for low prod
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mineral supplementation suggested b
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Body weight chane (kg/head) 32 30 2
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CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION With
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SAS. (Statistical Analysis System).
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genes covering a variety of desirab
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mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l zeatin) incub
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5. Purification by various sucrose
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as the culture period increased. So
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culture, pp. 1-20. In L.C. Fowke an
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GC. Analytical methods Total carboh
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ash. The crude hot water polysaccha
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spirulan (H-SP), and a desulfated c
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cells often displayed an increased
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LITERATURE CITED Bell, T.A. and D.V
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for alternative sources of supply.
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BR2.1.2 formed the same clade with
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supplement with glutamate (Iida et
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optimal for S. limacinum BR2.1.2 fo
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fluorescent lamp at 1.5 kLux develo
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Wisconsin, USA). Total extracted RN
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RESULTS Cloning and sequencing of m
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Expression of rmIL-2 and purificati
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other strains of mice have differen
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Page 153 and 154: Relative activity (%) 100 80 60 40
Page 155 and 156: Uchida, K. Tateishi, O. Shida and K
Page 157 and 158: MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Materials
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Page 161 and 162: in Table 5-7. It was found that the
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Page 165 and 166: the cultures at 10,200 × g for 15
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Page 175 and 176: As the 25 companies were divided in
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Page 179 and 180: as piece “A” or straight as pie
Page 181 and 182: et al. (1998); Zeng (2000); and Tal
Page 183 and 184: p 1, i * Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 4
Page 185 and 186: c ≤ c2 jq2 j n q p k p * 2, j , ,
Page 187 and 188: algorithm would consider RM 5, prio
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Page 191 and 192: the maximum deviation of about 10%.
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Page 195: which dynamically and automatically
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Page 201 and 202: Throughput (job/sec) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Page 203 and 204: Speed up 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F
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April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

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