April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

More documents

Recommendations

Info

294 Mohammed et al. (1989) who reported that weight gains of Arsi sheep improved by an average of 19±8 g/day when fed with natural mineral lick as free choice. The low body weight gain observed might be due to the fact that Bole soil had lower Mn, Zn and Cu but higher in pH, sand and clay than the other soils (Table 1). The imbalance mineral content of the soil might result in depressing effect on feed intake which in turn affects the body weight gain. Allen et al. (1986) observed a decrease in weight gain when 1000 mg/kg of Fe were included in the diet of sheep. Hodgson (1962) reported that because of large quantities in the soil, animals are also likely to augment their Fe supplies through direct ingestion of soil or from soil contaminated herbage Moreover, in New Zealand it was reported that the amount of soil ingested annually reach 75 kg for sheep (Healy, 1978). The average monthly intake of different mineral soils is illustrated in Figure 2. During the first month of the experimental period, there was Mineral intake (gram/month) 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 <strong>Kasetsart</strong> J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) a steady increase in mineral intake of sheep in all the treatment groups. This was followed by a nearly constant intake over the period from second to third month. This decline coincided with seasonal summer rain and emergence of green grasses after which an increase was observed until the end of the fourth month. According to McDowell (1997), energy and protein supplies from emerging forages during the wet season are higher, livestock gain weight more rapidly resulting in high mineral requirements. Mean monthly body weight gain of the sheep fed different mineral sources during the experimental period is shown in Figure 3. Sheep supplemented with the complete mineral mixture tended to gain more live weight than others through out the experimental period. Sheep receiving complete mineral lick were less heavy than that of control animals during the 1st and 2nd month. However, it was observed that they attained 2 kg weight more than the control group by the 4th month. Sheep fed with Bole soil were found to loose weight during the 2nd to the 3rd months July August September October Experimental period (months) Jair Hermokale Arabi Bole Figure 2 Average monthly intakes of different mineral soils over the four months period
Body weight chane (kg/head) 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 of the experimental period followed by gain in the later period. This could be due to lower preference and hence lower intake of this soil by the animals. Animals in control group had slower increase in body weight. Sheep in the control group showed compensatory gain from second to fourth month but grew slower than that of supplemented animals. Animals in the remaining treatment groups showed a sharp increase in body weight after third month of the experiment. This could be partly due to the availability of good pasture as rain started during the second month of experiment. Liver mineral concentration Mineral concentration in liver of sheep fed on different mineral sources is presented in Table 5. McDowell (1992) reported that liver is the organ that often represents the status of several elements in animals. Liver minerals varied from 0.04 to 0.08 ppm for Ca, 0.04 to 0.05 ppm for Mg, 160 to 282 ppm for Fe, 5.49 to 11.79 ppm for Mn, <strong>Kasetsart</strong> J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 295 July August September October Experimental period (months) Control Jair Hermokale Arabi Bole Complete Figure 3 Average monthly body weight change of sheep supplemented with different mineral soils and complete mineral. 113 to 229 ppm for Cu and 92 to 110 ppm for Zn. With exception to Cu and Zn, all the liver minerals varied significantly (p
Page 1 and 2:
April - June 2007 Volume 41 Number
Page 3 and 4:
KASETSART JOURNAL NATURAL SCIENCE T
Page 5 and 6:
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 205 -
Page 7 and 8:
harvesting time which started from
Page 9 and 10:
y Chen and Paull (2000). Figure 1 a
Page 11 and 12:
pineapple fruit allowed the accumul
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 215
Page 17 and 18:
Cluster analysis Cluster analysis u
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Table 3 (Continued) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
CONCLUSION AFLP markers classified
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
difference of soil texture used in
Page 31 and 32:
under wet soil condition planting.
Page 33 and 34:
tropics. Following the expansion, w
Page 35 and 36:
sealed in a plastic box with 1 cm w
Page 37 and 38:
moisture content increment after so
Page 39 and 40:
Frequency Frequency 30 20 10 0 20.0
Page 41 and 42:
School, Kasetsart University. The a
Page 43 and 44: for combining ability of lines (Lam
Page 45 and 46: selective mass sibbing within indiv
Page 47 and 48: Although most of S 2-interfamily hy
Page 49 and 50: composite sets as used in this stud
Page 51 and 52: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 251 -
Page 53 and 54: days. The numbers of calli producin
Page 55 and 56: the report of Ching (1982) showing
Page 57 and 58: clearly amplified bands generated b
Page 59 and 60: caused by either the recombination
Page 61 and 62: Kuhlmann, V. and B. Foroughi-Wehr.
Page 63 and 64: Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantif
Page 65 and 66: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 265
Page 67 and 68: was collected and washed with 70% e
Page 69 and 70: expected size was amplified with 35
Page 71 and 72: eaction technique has been used for
Page 73 and 74: Schaad, N.W., D. Opgenorth and P. G
Page 75 and 76: MATERIALS AND METHODS Model descrip
Page 79 and 80: calculated TF value calculated TF v
Page 81 and 82: sincere gratitude and deep apprecia
Page 83 and 84: 1989). In monogastrics, the inclusi
Page 85 and 86: of all LLS samples in this study we
Page 87 and 88: Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria. Goe
Page 89 and 90: considered responsible for low prod
Page 93: mineral supplementation suggested b
Page 97 and 98: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION With
Page 99 and 100: SAS. (Statistical Analysis System).
Page 101 and 102: genes covering a variety of desirab
Page 103 and 104: mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l zeatin) incub
Page 105 and 106: 5. Purification by various sucrose
Page 107 and 108: as the culture period increased. So
Page 109 and 110: culture, pp. 1-20. In L.C. Fowke an
Page 113 and 114: GC. Analytical methods Total carboh
Page 115 and 116: ash. The crude hot water polysaccha
Page 117 and 118: spirulan (H-SP), and a desulfated c
Page 121 and 122: cells often displayed an increased
Page 123 and 124: LITERATURE CITED Bell, T.A. and D.V
Page 125 and 126: for alternative sources of supply.
Page 127 and 128: BR2.1.2 formed the same clade with
Page 129 and 130: supplement with glutamate (Iida et
Page 131 and 132: optimal for S. limacinum BR2.1.2 fo
Page 133 and 134: fluorescent lamp at 1.5 kLux develo
Page 137 and 138: Wisconsin, USA). Total extracted RN
Page 139 and 140: RESULTS Cloning and sequencing of m
Page 141 and 142: Expression of rmIL-2 and purificati
Page 143 and 144: other strains of mice have differen
Page 145 and 146:
dose interleukin-2 therapy promotes
Page 147 and 148:
The chitosano-oligosaccharides are
Page 149 and 150:
enzyme and cells were maximized by
Page 151 and 152:
of crude chitosanases. Fortunately,
Page 153 and 154:
Relative activity (%) 100 80 60 40
Page 155 and 156:
Uchida, K. Tateishi, O. Shida and K
Page 157 and 158:
MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Materials
Page 159 and 160:
without coating and coated with pec
Page 161 and 162:
in Table 5-7. It was found that the
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
the cultures at 10,200 × g for 15
Page 167 and 168:
incubation and reached the final pH
Page 169 and 170:
y lysine- and tyrosine-decarboxylas
Page 171 and 172:
during the stages of ripening as su
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
As the 25 companies were divided in
Page 177 and 178:
All the data comes up with informat
Page 179 and 180:
as piece “A” or straight as pie
Page 181 and 182:
et al. (1998); Zeng (2000); and Tal
Page 183 and 184:
p 1, i * Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 4
Page 185 and 186:
c ≤ c2 jq2 j n q p k p * 2, j , ,
Page 187 and 188:
algorithm would consider RM 5, prio
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
the maximum deviation of about 10%.
Page 193 and 194:
Stock Quantities Using Heuristic Op
Page 195 and 196:
which dynamically and automatically
Page 197 and 198:
2. Framework architecture and compo
Page 199 and 200:
Risk (VaR) calculation which was im
Page 201 and 202:
Throughput (job/sec) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Page 203 and 204:
Speed up 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F
Page 205 and 206:
and discovery, resource selection a
show all

April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?