April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

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264 <strong>Kasetsart</strong> J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) Table 1 Geographical origin, host and year of isolation of strains of Xanthomonas species used in this study Bacterial strain Geographical origin Host Year X. citri subsp. citri T1 Kamphaeng Phet Thailand Citrus sinensis 2003 T3 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus grandis 2003 T4 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus reticulata 2003 T5 Kamphaeng Phet Thailand Citrus aurantifolia 2003 T7 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus reticulata 2003 T8 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus reticulata 2003 T10 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus grandis 2003 T13 Kamphaeng Phet Thailand Citrus sinensis 2003 NT14 Kamphaeng Phet Thailand Citrus reticulata 2003 NT18 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus aurantifolia 2003 NT20 Sukhothai Thailand Citrus aurantifolia 2003 NT22 Chiang Mai Thailand Citrus grandis 2003 NT25 Kamphaeng Phet Thailand Citrus reticulata 2003 OCr1.1 Chiang Rai Thailand Citrus reticulata 2002 OCr1.2 Chiang Rai Thailand Citrus reticulata 2002 LCp2.1 Chumphon Thailand Citrus aurantifolia 2002 LCp2.2 Chumphon Thailand Citrus aurantifolia 2002 SWRb Ratchaburi Thailand Citrus sinensis 2003 Fp1-2 Chiang Rai Thailand Citrus grandis 2003 XCC-32 Shimizu Japan Citrus natsudaidai 1998 XCC-131 Yui Japan Citrus unshiu 1998 1258 (Hartung, Xc-322) Saudi Arabia Citrus sp. ND 1270 (Hartung, Xc-328) Saudi Arabia Citrus sp. ND X. fuscans subsp. aurantifolii 1415 (IBSBF 392) Brazil Citrus limon 1981 1416 (IBSBF 423) Uruguay Citrus limon 1981 1417 (IBSBF 1583) Argentina Citrus limon 1990 1418 (IBSBF 380) Brazil Citrus aurantifolia 1981 1419 (IBSBF 434) Brazil Citrus aurantifolia 1982 X. fuscans subsp. aurantifolii 1420 (IBSBF 1473) Brazil Citrus aurantifolia 1999 1421 (IBSBF 1495) Brazil Citrus aurantifolia 2000 1460 ND ND ND 1461 ND ND ND 1463 ND ND ND X. alfalfae subsp. citrumelonis 1267 (X-85, J. Miller) Florida Citrus sp. 1985 1274 (4600, D. Gabriel) Florida Citrus sp. ND
<strong>Kasetsart</strong> J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 265 Table 1 (continued) Bacterial strain Geographical origin Host Year X. citri subsp. malvacearum 1318 (ATCC 14982) Uganda Gossypium hirsutum ND 317 Sukhothai Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1984 579 ND Thailand Morus sp. 1986 584 Sukhothai Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1986 1034 Nakhon Sawan Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1990 1035 Nakhon Sawan Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1990 1037 Lop Buri Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1990 1051 Loei Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1990 1232 Prachin Buri Thailand Gossypium hirsutum 1993 X. fuscans subsp. fuscans 1316 (NCPPB 381) Canada Phasolus vulgaris ND X. campestris pv. campestris 657 Phetchaburi Thailand Brassica oleracea 2004 X. campestris pv. glycines NKR21 Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Glycine max 2001 CM 60-1 Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Glycine max 2002 No.21-1 Chiang Mai Thailand Glycine max 2002 RE 07 Khon Kaen Thailand Glycine max 2002 239 Chachoengsao Thailand Glycine max 1983 241 Phitsanulok Thailand Glycine max 1982 281 Phitsanulok Thailand Glycine max ND X. campestris pv. glycines 285 Phitsanulok Thailand Glycine max ND 728 Chiang Rai Thailand Glycine max 1987 1204 Songkhla Thailand ND 1992 1324 Songkhla Thailand Vigna radiata 1994 Abbreviations: IBSBF, Phytobacteria Culture Collection of Instituto Biological, Campinas, Brazil; ATCC, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA; NCPPB, National Collection Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, York, England; ND, not determined. was designed from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri strain 306 at section no. 259 from 469 sections of complete genome. This target region resulted from subtractive hybridization (Schaad et al., unpublished). The target at position 4411 to 5228 (partial gene XAC2443) was used for designing new primers for classical PCR by using DNASTAR software (LASERGENE, Version5.1). The sequences of the primers were 354F at position 4675-4693 (5’-GACGGCGCGGCTCAGGATG- 3’) and 354R at position 5006-5028 (5’- CAGCCCAGCCAACTCAGCACCAG-3’). Other primer pairs also evaluated in this experiment were designed by Kingsley et al. (2000), KF (5’-TCCACTGCATCCCACAT CTG- 3’), and KR (5’-CAGGTGTACTGCGCTC TTCTTG-3’); Mavrodieva et al. (2004), VM3 (5’- GCATTTGATGACGCCATGAC-3’), and VM4 (5’-TCCCTGATGCCTGGAG GATA-3’); and Hartung et al. (1993), 2 (5’-CACGGGTGCAAAA AATCT-3’), and 3 (5’-TGGTGTCGTCGCTT GTA T-3’) which are respectively referred to as
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April - June 2007 Volume 41 Number
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KASETSART JOURNAL NATURAL SCIENCE T
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Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 205 -
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harvesting time which started from
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y Chen and Paull (2000). Figure 1 a
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pineapple fruit allowed the accumul
Page 13 and 14: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41 : 213 -
Page 15 and 16: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 215
Page 17 and 18: Cluster analysis Cluster analysis u
Page 21 and 22: Table 3 (Continued) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Page 25 and 26: CONCLUSION AFLP markers classified
Page 29 and 30: difference of soil texture used in
Page 31 and 32: under wet soil condition planting.
Page 33 and 34: tropics. Following the expansion, w
Page 35 and 36: sealed in a plastic box with 1 cm w
Page 37 and 38: moisture content increment after so
Page 39 and 40: Frequency Frequency 30 20 10 0 20.0
Page 41 and 42: School, Kasetsart University. The a
Page 43 and 44: for combining ability of lines (Lam
Page 45 and 46: selective mass sibbing within indiv
Page 47 and 48: Although most of S 2-interfamily hy
Page 49 and 50: composite sets as used in this stud
Page 53 and 54: days. The numbers of calli producin
Page 55 and 56: the report of Ching (1982) showing
Page 57 and 58: clearly amplified bands generated b
Page 59 and 60: caused by either the recombination
Page 61 and 62: Kuhlmann, V. and B. Foroughi-Wehr.
Page 63: Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantif
Page 67 and 68: was collected and washed with 70% e
Page 69 and 70: expected size was amplified with 35
Page 71 and 72: eaction technique has been used for
Page 73 and 74: Schaad, N.W., D. Opgenorth and P. G
Page 75 and 76: MATERIALS AND METHODS Model descrip
Page 79 and 80: calculated TF value calculated TF v
Page 81 and 82: sincere gratitude and deep apprecia
Page 83 and 84: 1989). In monogastrics, the inclusi
Page 85 and 86: of all LLS samples in this study we
Page 87 and 88: Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria. Goe
Page 89 and 90: considered responsible for low prod
Page 93 and 94: mineral supplementation suggested b
Page 95 and 96: Body weight chane (kg/head) 32 30 2
Page 97 and 98: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION With
Page 99 and 100: SAS. (Statistical Analysis System).
Page 101 and 102: genes covering a variety of desirab
Page 103 and 104: mg/l NAA and 0.5 mg/l zeatin) incub
Page 105 and 106: 5. Purification by various sucrose
Page 107 and 108: as the culture period increased. So
Page 109 and 110: culture, pp. 1-20. In L.C. Fowke an
Page 113 and 114: GC. Analytical methods Total carboh
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ash. The crude hot water polysaccha
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spirulan (H-SP), and a desulfated c
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cells often displayed an increased
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LITERATURE CITED Bell, T.A. and D.V
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for alternative sources of supply.
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BR2.1.2 formed the same clade with
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supplement with glutamate (Iida et
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optimal for S. limacinum BR2.1.2 fo
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fluorescent lamp at 1.5 kLux develo
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Wisconsin, USA). Total extracted RN
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RESULTS Cloning and sequencing of m
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Expression of rmIL-2 and purificati
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other strains of mice have differen
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dose interleukin-2 therapy promotes
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The chitosano-oligosaccharides are
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enzyme and cells were maximized by
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of crude chitosanases. Fortunately,
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Relative activity (%) 100 80 60 40
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Uchida, K. Tateishi, O. Shida and K
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MATERIALS AND METHODS 1. Materials
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without coating and coated with pec
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in Table 5-7. It was found that the
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the cultures at 10,200 × g for 15
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incubation and reached the final pH
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y lysine- and tyrosine-decarboxylas
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during the stages of ripening as su
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As the 25 companies were divided in
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All the data comes up with informat
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as piece “A” or straight as pie
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et al. (1998); Zeng (2000); and Tal
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p 1, i * Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 4
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c ≤ c2 jq2 j n q p k p * 2, j , ,
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algorithm would consider RM 5, prio
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Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 41(2) 389
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the maximum deviation of about 10%.
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Stock Quantities Using Heuristic Op
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which dynamically and automatically
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2. Framework architecture and compo
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Risk (VaR) calculation which was im
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Throughput (job/sec) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Speed up 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 F
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and discovery, resource selection a
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April - June 2007 - Kasetsart University

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