Handbook of Vitamin C Research

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152Chin-San Liu[175] Vincent, H.K., C.M. Bourguignon, A.L. Weltman, K.R. Vincent, E. Barrett, K.E.Innes&A.G. Taylor (2009). Effects of antioxidant supplementation on insulinsensitivity, endothelial adhesion molecules, and oxidative stress in normal-weight andoverweight young adults. Metabolism, 58, 254-62[176] Tahir, M., B. Foley, G. Pate, P. Crean, D. Moore, N. McCarroll&M. Walsh (2005).Impact of vitamin E and C supplementation on serum adhesion molecules in chronicdegenerative aortic stenosis: a randomized controlled trial. Am Heart J, 150, 302-6
In: Handbook of Vitamin C Research: ISBN: 978-1-60741-874-0Editors: Hubert Kucharski and Julek Zajac©2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Chapter VPro-Oxidant vs. Antioxidant Effectsof Vitamin CBorut Poljsak 1 and John G. Ionescu 2, 31 Laboratory for ageing process research, Chair of Environmental Health, Facultyof Health Studies, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia2 Spezialklinik Neukirchen, Neukirchen, Germany3 Dept. of Medical Nutrition, Donau University Krems, AustriaAbstractVitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) protects human health by scavenging toxic free radicalsand other reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed in cell metabolism. On the other side, itis well established by in vitro experiments that vitamin C is reactive with free iron andproduces free radicals, while causing oxidative damage to biomolecules. The interactionof ascorbic acid with transition metal ions could promote their reduction, accompaniedby increased H 2 O 2 production and consequently OH˙‘ formation. The mixture of metalions and ascorbate in some vitamin pills has been claimed to generate OH˙‘ once the pillsdissolve and several reports suggest increases in DNA damage in healthy humanssupplemented with vitamin C and iron salts. In epidemiologic studies it is often assumedthat antioxidant vitamins act by lowering oxidative damage, but evidence in support ofthis contention is not provided or is contradictory. Many studies show an inverserelationship between mortality and vitamin C intake indicating a protective antioxidantactivity. On the other side several reports show no significant relationship aftercontrolling for confounding variables. Therefore there is still debate on whethersupplements of vitamin C could act as antioxidant or pro-oxidant in vivo. Recent researchsuggests that 3 factors are responsible for the pro- or antioxidant behaviour of vitamin Cin biological systems, e.g. cellular environment:1.) the redox potential of the cellularenvironment (oxidosis/redosis), 2.) the presence or absence of transition metals and 3.)the local concentration of ascorbate. This may also explain the observed quite specificpro-oxidant activity of high dose intravenous vitamin C against metal reach malignant
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ContentsPrefaceChapter IChapter IIC
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PrefaceThe 6-carbon lactone known a
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Prefaceixbalance of antioxidant and
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Prefacexiprovided or is contradicto
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PrefacexiiiChapter IX - Background:
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Prefacexvdetoxification defence sys
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Prefacexviiprogressed faster than i
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2Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman and Richa
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10Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman and Rich
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In: Handbook of Vitamin C Research
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Human Specific Vitamin C Metabolism
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mgmgmgHuman Specific Vitamin C Meta
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88Ana I. Haza, Almudena García and
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90Figure 1.Ana I. Haza, Almudena Ga
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94Figure 3.Ana I. Haza, Almudena Ga
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100Ana I. Haza, Almudena García an
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Page 149 and 150: Vitamin C: Dietary Requirements, Di
Page 151 and 152: Oxidative DamageVitamin C: Dietary
Page 171: Vitamin C: Dietary Requirements, Di
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202Magdalena Stevanović and Dragan
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Molecular Bases of the Cellular Han
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Vitamin C: Daily Requirements, Diet
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262Alan M. Preston, Luis Vázquez Q
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Percent of Study Group Selecting Di
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The Role of Vitamin C in Human Repr
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300Mustafa NazıroğluKeywords: Vit
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302Mustafa NazıroğluNO is synthes
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304Mustafa Nazıroğlu‗recycling
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306Mustafa Nazıroğluagents, such
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308Mustafa NazıroğluFuture Direct
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310Mustafa Nazıroğlu[21] Basu, TK
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312Mustafa Nazıroğlu[59] Cengiz M
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314Samar Al Sayegh Petkovšek and B
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(mgg -1 )320Samar Al Sayegh Petkov
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330Antonio J. López-Farré, José
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Vitamin C in the Treatment of Endot
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Vitamin C Intake by Japanese Patien
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Reciprocal Effects of Ascorbate on
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378Akihito Ishigamicontrols (12,13)
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380Akihito IshigamiFigure 3. Vitami
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382Akihito IshigamiFuture of the SM
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The Importance of Food Processing o
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IndexAA , 249abdominal cramps, 243a
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Index 391atherosclerotic plaque, 23
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Index 393catalase, 6, 13, 169, 181,
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Index 395cyclooxygenase-2, 337, 341
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Index 397endometrium, 286, 294endon
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Index 399GCS, 18gel, x, 87, 92, 121
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Index 401hyperglycaemia, 223hypergl
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Index 403kinetics, 71, 120, 124, 14
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Index 405metastases, 182metastasis,
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Index 407nitrate, 14, 88, 179, 234,
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Index 409phosphodiesterase, 344, 35
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Index 411recovery, vii, 1, 5, 7, 8,
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Index 413steady state, 63, 76, 78st
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Index 415UV, 156, 191, 201, 204, 22
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