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Handbook of Vitamin C Research

Handbook of Vitamin C Research

Handbook of Vitamin C Research

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278Alan M. Preston, Luis Vázquez Quiñones, Cynthia M. Pérez et al.[94] Wall MA, Johnson J, Jacob P, Benowitz NJ. Cotinine in the serum, saliva and urine <strong>of</strong>nonsmokers, passive smokers and active smokers. Am. J. Public Health. 1988; 78: 699-701.[95] Food and Nutrition Board, Institute <strong>of</strong> Medicine. National <strong>Research</strong> Council. Dietaryreference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and carotenoids. Washington, DC:National Academy Press, 2000.[96] National Center for Health Statistics: Plan and operation <strong>of</strong> the Second National Healthand Nutrition Examination Survey, 1976-1980 Hyattsville, MD; National Center forHealth Statistics, 1981 [DMMS publication (PMS) 81-1317].[97] National Center for Health Statistics: Plan and operation <strong>of</strong> the Third National Healthand Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994; Series 1-programs and collectionprocedures. Vital Health Stat. 1, 1994; 1-407.[98] Pérez-Stable EJ, Marin G, Marin BV, Benowitz NL. Misclassification <strong>of</strong> smokingstatus by self-reported cigarette consumption. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1992; 145: 53-7.[99] Apsel<strong>of</strong>f G, Ashton HM, Friedman H, Gerber N. The importance <strong>of</strong> measuring cotininelevels to identify smokers in clinical trials. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1994; 56: 460-2.[100] Pérez-Stable EJ, Benowitz NL, Marin G. Is serum cotinine a better measure <strong>of</strong> cigarettesmoking than self report? Prevent. Med. 1995; 24: 171-9.[101] Wells AJ, English PB, Posner SF, Wagenknecht LE, Perez-Stable EJ. Misclassificationrates for current smokers misclassified as nonsmokers. Am. J. Public Health. 1998; 88:1503-9.[102] Schuster MA, Franke T, Pham CB. Smoking patterns <strong>of</strong> household members andvisitors in homes with children in the United States. Arch. Peadiatr. Adolesc. Med.2002; 156: 1094-1100.[103] Mannino DM, Caraballo R, Benowitz N, Repace J. Predictors <strong>of</strong> cotinine levels in USchildren: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Chest2001; 120: 718-24.[104] Pirkle JL, Flegal KM, Bernert JT, Brody DJ, Etzel RA, Maurer KR. Exposure <strong>of</strong> theUS population to environmental tobacco smoke: the Third National Health andNutrition Examination Survey, 1988 to 1991. JAMA 1996; 275: 1233-40.[105] Jarvis MJ, Strachan DP, Feyerabend C. Determinants <strong>of</strong> passive smoking in children inEdinburgh, Scotland. Amer. J. Public Health. 1992; 82: 1225-9.[106] Preston AM, Rodríguez C, Rivera CE. Plasma ascorbate in a population <strong>of</strong> children:influence <strong>of</strong> age, gender, vitamin C intake, BMI and smoke exposure. PR Health Sci. J.2006; In Press.[107] Simon JA, Hudes ES, Tice JA. Relation <strong>of</strong> serum ascorbic acid to mortality among USadults. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2001; 20: 255-63.[108] Jahns L, Siega-Riz AM, Popkin BM. The increasing prevalence <strong>of</strong> snacking among USchildren from 1977 to 1996. J. Pediatr. 2001, 138: 493-8.[109] Nicklas TA, Baranowski T, Cullen KW, Berenson G. Eating patterns, dietary qualityand obesity. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 2001; 20: 599-608.[110] Sanigorski AM, Bell AC, Kremer PJ, Swinburn BA. Lunch box contents <strong>of</strong> Australianschool children: room for improvement. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 2005; 59: 1310-16.

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