Handbook of Vitamin C Research

Encapsulation Devices for Vitamin C 195PLGA particles. After the precipitation with alcohol methanol or ethanol, the particles arestabilized due to the zeta potential created by stabilizer. This was followed by centrifugation,decantation and drying of the particles. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (povidone, PVP) or polyvinylalcohol (PVA) were used as a stabilizers of the particles.dissolving+watersolution ofvitaminprecipitationstabilizationwith zetapotentialcentrifugationdecantingdryingstep 1 step 2 step 3 step 4step5,6,7Figure 6. Schematics for obtaining of the PLGA/vitamin nanoparticles [43].Desai et al. reports the encapsulation of vitamin C within sodium alginate beads by analternative approach [114]. The alternative encapsulation process mainly involvesimmobilization of vitamin C in hydrated zinc oxide layers and encapsulation of preparedimmobilized particles in sodium alginate bead. The immobilization of vitamin C in hydratedzinc oxide layers was achieved by a coprecipitation process. Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy showed that the vitamin C was found to be stable after its immobilization.Hydrated zinc oxide as an inorganic matrix for immobilization of vitamin C was, also,used by Yang and coworkers [87]. Encapsulation of vitamin C within a biocompatiblelayered inorganic material was achievwed by coprecipitation reaction, in which the layeredinorganic lattice and its intercalate of vitamin C are simultaneously formed. The nanometersized powders of vitamin C intercalate thus prepared was again encapsulated with silicananosol to form a nanoporous shell structure. This ternary nanohybrid of vitamin C layeredinorganic core-SiO 2 shell exhibited an enhanced storage stability and a sustained releasing ofvitamin C. Furthermore, the encapsulation of vitamin C with inorganic mineral was veryhelpful in delivering vitamin C molecules into skin through stratum corneum, facilitatingtransdermal penetration of vitamin C in topical application.6. Materials in which Ascorbic AcidCan Be EncapsulatedStructure, properties and applications of micro and nanoparticles are strongly affected bythe properties of the material used in their formulation. For each application and drug, onemust evaluate the properties of the system (drug and particle) and determine the optimal