Handbook of Vitamin C Research

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312Mustafa Nazıroğlu[59] Cengiz M, Yüksel A, Seven M. The effects of carbamazepine and valproic acid on theerythrocyte glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and serum lipidperoxidation in epileptic children. Pharmacol Res. 2000;41:423-425.[60] Sudha, K; Rao, A.V; Rao, A. Oxidative stress and antioxidant in epilepsy. Clin ChimActa, 2001, 303, 19-24.[61] Nazıroğlu, M. New molecular mechanisms on the activation of TRPM2 channels byoxidative stress and ADP-ribose. Neurochem Res, 2007,32,1990-2001.[62] Colegrove SL; Albreacht MA; Friel DD. Dissection of mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake andrelease fluxes in situ after depeolarization-evoked [Ca 2+ ] i elevations in sympatheticneurons. J Gen Physiol 2000,115,351-370.[63] Dykens JA. Isolated cerebral and cerebellar mitochondria produce free radicals whenexposed to elevated Ca 2+ and Na + :implications for neurodegeneration. J Neurochem1994,63,584-591.[64] Xu, K; Stringer, JL. Antioxidant and free radical scavengers do not consistently delayseizure onset in animal models of acute seizures. Epilepsy and Behavior 2008,13,77-82.[65] Wambebe, C; Sokomba, E. Some behavioural and EEG effects of ascorbic acid in rats.Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986,89,167-70.[66] McQuillin, A; Bass, NJ; Kalsi, G; Lawrence, J; Puri, V; Choudhury, K; Detera-Wadleigh, SD; Curtis, D; Gurling, HM. Fine mapping of a susceptibility locus forbipolar and genetically related unipolar affective disorders, to a region containing theC21ORF29 and TRPM2 genes on chromosome 21q22.3. Mol Psychiatry. 2006,11,134-142.
In: Handbook of Vitamin C Research ISBN: 978-1-60741-874-0Editors: Hubert Kucharski and Julek Zajac©2009 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Chapter XIIVitamin C as a Stress Bioindicatorof Norway Spruce: A Case Studyin SloveniaSamar Al Sayegh Petkovšek and Boštjan PokornyERICo Velenje, Ecological Research and Industrial Cooperation, Velenje, SloveniaAbstractThe physiological condition of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) andconsequently the vitality of forest ecosystems was intensively studied in the period 1991–2007 in northern Slovenia, i.e., in the area influenced by the Šoštanj Thermal PowerPlant (ŠTPP). ŠTPP, which is the largest Slovene thermal power plant, which used to bethe largest Slovene emission source of gaseous pollutants (e.g. SO 2 , NO x ) and a veryimportant source of different inorganic (e.g., heavy metals) as well as organic toxicsubstances (e.g. PAHs). However, extremely high SO 2 emission (up to 86,000 t in 1993,and > 120.000 in the 1980s, respectively) and dust emissions (up to 8,000 in 1993), havebeen dramatically reduced after the installation of desulphurization devices in the late1990s. Indeed in the comparison with 1993, SO 2 emissions in 2007 were reduced morethan 15-fold and dust emissions more than 35-fold, respectively. These extremeexposures in the past as well as huge changes in environmental pollution during the lasttwo decades have significantly influenced the vitality of forest ecosystems includingphysiological conditions (e.g., contents of antioxidant) of different tree species in thestudy area. Therefore, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) as a sensitive, non-specific bioindicatorof stress caused either by anthropogenic (e.g., air pollution) or natural stressors (climaticconditions, diseases, altitude gradient, etc.) was included in a permanent survey of forestconditions in northern Slovenia. Atmospheric pollutants such as ozone and sulphurdioxide cause formation of free radicals, which are involved in oxidation of proteins andlipids and injury of plant tissues. Plant cells have evolved a special detoxification defenceCorresponding author. Phone: +386 (0)3 898 1953; fax: +386 (0)3 898 1942; e-mail address:samar.petkovsek@erico.si
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ContentsPrefaceChapter IChapter IIC
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PrefaceThe 6-carbon lactone known a
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Prefaceixbalance of antioxidant and
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Prefacexiprovided or is contradicto
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PrefacexiiiChapter IX - Background:
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Prefacexvdetoxification defence sys
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Human Specific Vitamin C Metabolism
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mgmgmgHuman Specific Vitamin C Meta
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88Ana I. Haza, Almudena García and
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90Figure 1.Ana I. Haza, Almudena Ga
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94Figure 3.Ana I. Haza, Almudena Ga
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Vitamin C: Dietary Requirements, Di
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Oxidative DamageVitamin C: Dietary
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Pro-Oxidant vs. Antioxidant Effects
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186Magdalena Stevanović and Dragan
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Molecular Bases of the Cellular Han
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Vitamin C: Daily Requirements, Diet
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Page 282 and 283: 262Alan M. Preston, Luis Vázquez Q
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Page 303 and 304: The Role of Vitamin C in Human Repr
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Page 320 and 321: 300Mustafa NazıroğluKeywords: Vit
Page 322 and 323: 302Mustafa NazıroğluNO is synthes
Page 324 and 325: 304Mustafa Nazıroğlu‗recycling
Page 326 and 327: 306Mustafa Nazıroğluagents, such
Page 328 and 329: 308Mustafa NazıroğluFuture Direct
Page 330 and 331: 310Mustafa Nazıroğlu[21] Basu, TK
Page 334 and 335: 314Samar Al Sayegh Petkovšek and B
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Page 350 and 351: 330Antonio J. López-Farré, José
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Vitamin C Intake by Japanese Patien
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Vitamin C Intake by Japanese Patien
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Reciprocal Effects of Ascorbate on
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378Akihito Ishigamicontrols (12,13)
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380Akihito IshigamiFigure 3. Vitami
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382Akihito IshigamiFuture of the SM
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The Importance of Food Processing o
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IndexAA , 249abdominal cramps, 243a
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Index 391atherosclerotic plaque, 23
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Index 393catalase, 6, 13, 169, 181,
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Index 395cyclooxygenase-2, 337, 341
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Index 397endometrium, 286, 294endon
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Index 399GCS, 18gel, x, 87, 92, 121
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Index 401hyperglycaemia, 223hypergl
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Index 403kinetics, 71, 120, 124, 14
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Index 405metastases, 182metastasis,
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Index 407nitrate, 14, 88, 179, 234,
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Index 409phosphodiesterase, 344, 35
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Index 411recovery, vii, 1, 5, 7, 8,
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Index 413steady state, 63, 76, 78st
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Index 415UV, 156, 191, 201, 204, 22
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