Handbook of Vitamin C Research

Index 391atherosclerotic plaque, 238, 243atmosphere, 93, 98, 99, 100atoms, 5, 90, 154, 157, 301, 331atopic eczema, 163, 164ATP, 8, 10, 129, 196, 241, 368ATPase, 35, 218, 306, 310, 333atresia, 283atrophy, 378Australia, 355, 357Austria, 144, 153, 211autonomic nerve, 351autooxidation, 157, 159, 166, 167, 179BB lymphocytes, 149B vitamins, 187bacteria, 9, 137, 150bacterial, 71, 74, 137, 180, 206, 229, 379bacterial cells, 180bacterial infection, 137bananas, 266barrier, 159, 228, 230basal lamina, 282basement membrane, 369, 374basketball, 29, 43batteries, 330, 331, 333Bax, 370Bcl-2, 173BDI, 156beef, 366behavior, xiii, 193, 198, 211, 262, 271, 277, 306behaviours, 202beneficial effect, xv, 91, 114, 118, 224, 243, 330,337, 343, 345, 348, 349, 350, 363, 370, 371benefits, viii, xii, xvii, 2, 3, 5, 23, 31, 134, 164, 165,181, 190, 237, 257, 330, 348, 365, 385benign, 183benzo(a)pyrene, 91, 113, 115, 120beta cell, 255beta-carotene, 16, 24, 25, 29, 37, 43, 143, 146, 166,181, 182, 359, 362, 364beverages, 264, 386bias, 19, 264, 363bicarbonate, 245bile, 117, 129, 226, 234, 241bile acids, 129, 226, 234, 241bile duct, 117bilirubin, 6, 13, 226biliverdin reductase, 233bioactive compounds, 121, 387bioavailability, 2, 3, 17, 129, 130, 131, 134, 144,165, 203, 227, 250, 333, 344, 345, 349, 368, 386biochemistry, 33, 54, 63, 68, 146, 254, 256, 309biocompatibility, 198biocompatible, 195, 196biodegradability, 186biodegradable, 196, 203, 204biodiversity, 327bioflavonoids, 6, 13biogenesis, 30, 31, 42, 65, 84, 145biological activity, 48, 187biological macromolecules, 48, 186, 284biological systems, vii, xi, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 13, 36, 153,180, 188, 239, 301biomaterials, 196, 197biometals, 340biomolecules, x, 4, 11, 12, 22, 24, 153, 157, 159,171, 301, 308biomonitoring, 315, 324, 327biopsies, 167, 168biosynthesis, vii, xi, xii, 62, 72, 81, 82, 141, 149,185, 215, 231, 233, 237, 239, 282, 290, 309, 372,379, 380, 383biosynthetic pathways, 239biotic, 314biotin, 188biotransformation, 114, 123, 165bipolar, 312birth, xiii, 220, 281, 283, 286, 288, 289, 293, 304birth weight, xiii, 281, 286, 288, 289, 293bismuth, 331bladder, 70, 81, 89, 118, 138, 170, 369, 373bladder cancer, 70, 81, 118blastocyst, 283, 285, 292blocks, 35, 333blood and body fluids, 223blood flow, 135, 149, 238, 250, 295, 333, 334, 340,345, 346, 347, 352blood glucose, 53, 134, 149blood lead levels, 334, 337, 341blood plasma, 123, 176, 230, 254, 303, 304, 309blood pressure, xv, 57, 76, 132, 147, 224, 243, 256,329, 333, 337, 340, 346, 353blood urea nitrogen, 57blood vessels, xii, 128, 132, 169, 237, 238, 340blood-brain barrier, 228, 230bloodstream, 331body fluid, 12, 136, 183, 223, 273body mass, 52, 264, 274, 279, 360