Handbook of Vitamin C Research

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246Jun Yang, Jiaren Liu and John ParryTable 3. Continued.Fruits Names Scientific Name NDB No. Vitamin C (mean ± S.E.)(mg/100 g fresh)Cranberry, low bush orVaccinium vitis-idaea 35030 21.0 ± 0.0lingenberry (Alaska Native)TurnipsBrassica rapa (Rapifera 11564 21.0 ± 0.0Group)Blueberries, wild (Alaska Vaccinium alaskaenese 35155 18.3 ± 0.0Native)Melons, honeydew Cucumis melo 09184 18.0 ± 1.6Squash, summer, scallop Cucurbita spp. 11475 18.0 ± 0.0Squash, summer, all varieties Cucurbita spp. 11641 17.0 ± 0.7Squash, summer, zucchini, Cucurbita spp. 11477 17.0 ± 0.0includes skinPineapple, traditional varieties Ananas comosus 09429 16.9 ± 2.5Quinces Cydonia oblonga 09296 15.0 ± 0.0Squash, winter, all varieties Cucurbita spp. 11643 12.3 ±0.0Squash, winter, hubbard Cucurbita maxima 11489 11.0 ± 0.0Squash, winter, acorn Cucurbita maxima 11482 11.0 ± 0.0Grapes, red or green (European Vitis vinifera 09132 10.8 ± 0.9type, such as Thompsonseedless)Plums, wild (Northern Plains Prunus spp. 35206 10.3 ± 0.0Indians)Pomegranates Punica granatum 09286 10.2 ± 1.0Cherries, sour, red Prunus cerasus 09063 10.0 ± 0.0Apricots Prunus armeniaca 09021 10.0 ± 0.2Blueberries Vaccinium spp. 09050 9.7 ± 0.0Plums Prunus spp. 09279 9.5 ± 0.8Bananas Musa acuminata Colla 09040 8.7 ± 0.4Squash, summer, crookneck and Cucurbita spp. 11467 8.4 ± 2.2straightneckWatermelon Citrullus lanatus 09326 8.1 ± 2.4Persimmons, Japanese Diospyros kaki 09263 7.5 ± 0.0Cherries, sweet Prunus avium 09070 7.0 ± 1.6Peaches Prunus persica 09236 6.6 ± 1.1Chokecherries, pitted (Northern Prunus virginiana L. 35204 5.5 ± 0.0Plains Indians)Blackberries, wild (Alaska Rubus spp. 35015 4.7 ± 0.0Native)Apples with skin Malus domestica 09003 4.6 ± 0.5Squash, Indian (Navajo) 4.5 ± 0.0Pears 4.2 ± 0.3Apples, without skin Malus domestica 09004 4.0 ± 0.0Pears, AsianPyrus pyrifolia (Burman f.) 09340 3.8 ± 0.0NakaiHuckleberries (Alaska Native) Vaccinium alaskaense 35043 2.8 ± 0.0Squash, winter, spaghetti Cucurbita spp. 11492 2.1 ± 0.2Figs Ficus carica 09089 2.0 ± 0.0Loquats Eriobotrya japonica 09174 1.0 ± 0.0Chokecherries, pitted (Shoshone Prunus virginiana L. 35179 0.7 ± 0.0Bannock)The data from the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. NDB No.: The number ofUSDA National Nutrient Database.
Vitamin C: Daily Requirements, Dietary Sources and Adverse Effects 247Table 4. The contents of Vitamin C (total ascorbic acid) in per100 grams fresh vegetables.Vegetable Names Scientific Name NDB No Vitamin C (mean ± S.E.)(mg/100 g fresh)Peppers, hot chili, green Capsicum frutescens 11670 242.5 ± 0.0Mustard spinach (tendergreen) Brassica rapa (Perviridis 11274 130.0 ± 0.0Group)KaleBrassica oleracea11233 120.0 ± 0.0(Acephala Group)Cauliflower, greenBrassica oleracea (Botrytis 11965 88.1 ± 9.3group)BroccoliBrassica oleracea var. 11090 89.2 ± 4.0italicaPeppers, sweet, green Capsicum annuum 11333 80.4 ± 3.6Cress, garden Lepidium sativum 11203 69.0 ± 0.0KohlrabiBrassica oleracea11241 62.0 ± 0.0(Gongylodes Group)Papayas Carica papaya 09226 61.8 ± 2.2Cabbage, redBrassica oleracea (Capitata 11112 57.0 ± 0.0Group)Swamp cabbage (skunk cabbage) Ipomoea aquatica 11503 55.0 ± 0.0CauliflowerBrassica oleracea (Botrytis 11135 46.4 ± 4.4Group)Watercress Nasturtium officinale 11591 43.0 ± 0.0CabbageBrassica oleracea (Capitata 11109 36.6 ± 3.4Group)CollardsBrassica oleracea var. 11161 35.3 ± 5.0viridisPeppers, hot chile, sun-dried Capsicum annuum 11962 31.4 ± 0.0Garlic Allium sativum 11215 31.2 ± 1.6Cabbage, savoyBrassica oleracea (Capitata 11114 31.0 ± 0.0Group)New Zealand spinach Tetragonia tetragonioides 11276 30.0 ± 0.0Chard, SwissBeta vulgaris subsp. 11147 30.0 ± 0.0vulagarisRadishes, white icicle Raphanus sativus 11637 29.0 ± 0.0Spinach Spinacia oleracea 11457 28.1 ± 4.1Onions, welsh Allium fistulosum 11293 27.0 ± 0.0Chicory greens Cichorium intybus 11152 24.0 ± 0.0Lettuce, cos or romaine Lactuca sativa var. logifolia 11251 24.0 ± 0.0Tomatoes, green Lycopersicon esculentum 11527 23.4 ± 0.1Radishes, orientalRaphanus sativus11430 22.0 ± 0.0(Longipinratus Group)Okra Abelmoschus esculentus 11278 21.1 ± 2.3Yambean (jicama) Pachyrhizus spp. 11603 20.2 ± 0.0Potatoes, white, flesh and skin Solanum tuberosum 11354 19.7 ± 0.8Onions, spring or scallions (includes Allium cepa or Allium 11291 18.8 ± 0.0tops and bulb)fistulosumLettuce, green leaf Lactuca sativa var. crispa 11253 18.0 ± 0.0Yam Dioscorea spp. 11601 17.1 ± 5.2Parsnips Pastinaca sativa 11298 17.0 ± 0.0Tomatoes, orange Lycopersicon esculentum 11695 16.0 ± 0.0Radishes Raphanus sativus 11429 14.8 ± 1.9Tomatoes, red, ripe, raw, year round Lycopersicon esculentum 11529 12.7 ± 1.1averageLeeks (bulb and lower leaf-portion) Allium ampeloprasum 11246 12.0 ± 0.0
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ContentsPrefaceChapter IChapter IIC
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PrefaceThe 6-carbon lactone known a
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Prefaceixbalance of antioxidant and
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Prefacexiprovided or is contradicto
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PrefacexiiiChapter IX - Background:
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Prefacexvdetoxification defence sys
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Prefacexviiprogressed faster than i
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2Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman and Richa
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10Kelsey H. Fisher-Wellman and Rich
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In: Handbook of Vitamin C Research
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Human Specific Vitamin C Metabolism
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mgmgmgHuman Specific Vitamin C Meta
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88Ana I. Haza, Almudena García and
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90Figure 1.Ana I. Haza, Almudena Ga
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94Figure 3.Ana I. Haza, Almudena Ga
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100Ana I. Haza, Almudena García an
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Vitamin C: Dietary Requirements, Di
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Oxidative DamageVitamin C: Dietary
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Pro-Oxidant vs. Antioxidant Effects
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186Magdalena Stevanović and Dragan
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Page 216 and 217: 196Magdalena Stevanović and Dragan
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Page 282 and 283: 262Alan M. Preston, Luis Vázquez Q
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The Role of Vitamin C in Human Repr
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300Mustafa NazıroğluKeywords: Vit
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302Mustafa NazıroğluNO is synthes
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304Mustafa Nazıroğlu‗recycling
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306Mustafa Nazıroğluagents, such
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308Mustafa NazıroğluFuture Direct
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310Mustafa Nazıroğlu[21] Basu, TK
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312Mustafa Nazıroğlu[59] Cengiz M
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314Samar Al Sayegh Petkovšek and B
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(mgg -1 )320Samar Al Sayegh Petkov
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330Antonio J. López-Farré, José
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Vitamin C in the Treatment of Endot
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Vitamin C Intake by Japanese Patien
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Reciprocal Effects of Ascorbate on
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378Akihito Ishigamicontrols (12,13)
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380Akihito IshigamiFigure 3. Vitami
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382Akihito IshigamiFuture of the SM
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The Importance of Food Processing o
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IndexAA , 249abdominal cramps, 243a
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Index 391atherosclerotic plaque, 23
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Index 393catalase, 6, 13, 169, 181,
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Index 395cyclooxygenase-2, 337, 341
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Index 397endometrium, 286, 294endon
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Index 399GCS, 18gel, x, 87, 92, 121
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Index 401hyperglycaemia, 223hypergl
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Index 403kinetics, 71, 120, 124, 14
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Index 405metastases, 182metastasis,
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Index 407nitrate, 14, 88, 179, 234,
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Index 409phosphodiesterase, 344, 35
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Index 411recovery, vii, 1, 5, 7, 8,
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Index 413steady state, 63, 76, 78st
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Index 415UV, 156, 191, 201, 204, 22
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