Demand-Driven Technologies for Sustainable Maize ... - IITA

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275physiological maturity while the Striga plants were also fl owering orhad reached advanced seeding stage. In all, 935 fi elds (476 bush and459 compound farms) were sampled in the three ecological zones.Statistical analysisStriga emergence counts were transformed with the formula √y+0.50,where y = Striga counts/m 2 . All grain yield data were converted tohectare basis and subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA)using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure of the StatisticalAnalysis Systems (SAS) Package (SAS Institute Inc. 1990). Means wereseparated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P
276Table 1. Percentage of crop and fallow fields infested by Striga species in Sudan, northern Guinea and southern Guinea savannas from 935 fieldssampled in Nigeria, 2004.Ecological ZoneType of fi eldSorghum 1 Maize 1 Rice 2 Millet 3 Cowpea 4 Fallow 3 Mean% Compound fi elds infested (n = 459)Sudan savanna 100.0 96.0 - 100.0 71.0 45.0 82.4Northern Guinea savanna 96.0 87.0 61.0 - 95.0 48.0 77.4Southern Guinea savanna 93.0 56.0 58.0 - 78.0 37.0 64.4Mean 96.3 79.6 59.5 100.0 81.3 43.3 74.7% Bush fi elds infested (n = 476)Sudan savanna 97.0 96.0 9.0 67.0 53.0 27.0 53.7Northern Guinea savanna 100.0 67.0 56.0 - 100.0 30.0 70.6Southern Guinea savanna 80.0 58.0 21.0 - 100.0 17.0 54.8Mean 92.3 73.6 28.6 67.0 84.3 24.7 61.8Overall mean 94.3 76.6 44.1 83.5 82.8 35.5 68.3Associated Striga species were 1= Striga hermonthica, 2 = Striga aspera, 3 = Striga densifl ora, 4 = Striga gesnerioides
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iDemand-Driven Technologies forSust
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iiiContentsPrefacePréfaceForewordA
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vAssessment of Striga infestation i
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viiPrefaceThe West and Central Afri
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ixendosperm maize varieties, 95 TZE
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Les agriculteurs de la savane guin
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xiiiForewordMaize (Zea mays L) is o
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xvAvant proposLe maïs (Zea mays L)
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xviiFifth Biennial West and Central
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xixNigeria26 Abdullahi, Y.M. NAERLS
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1Section1Breeding, SeedSystems and
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4skills of the scientists and impro
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6collaborating scientists. This is
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8fi ndings to their peers. They are
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10Figure 3. Funds received by indiv
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12Percentage PercentageYearFigure 5
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14Figure 9. Coefficient of variatio
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16Figure 15. Total maize grain prod
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18Table 2. Capacity Building of NAR
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20DiscussionResults of the analyses
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22the Lead Country Concept was not
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24Badu-Apraku, B., M.A.B. Fakorede,
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26et des lignées dotées de résis
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28Overview of the strategy for deve
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30Table 1. Characteristics of extra
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32Table 2. Performance of extra-ear
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34Table 3. cont’dInbredlineParent
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36different germplasm and for placi
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38Figure 1. Clustering of 35 extra-
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40Table 4. Number of inbred lines i
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42M’Boob, S.S., 1986. A regional
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44sur la performance de leurs hybri
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46Table 1. Mean grain yield (Mg ha
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48Table 2. Means for grain yield an
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50Table 4. Estimates of GCA effects
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52employed to exploit non-additive
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54deux traitements de sol (O, T). L
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56Table 1. Characteristic of 15 par
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58Table 4. Diallel analysis of vari
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60Table 6. Number of adapted x adap
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62ConclusionThe results of this stu
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64Combining ability of diverse maiz
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66S. hermonthica and S. asiatica. Y
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68Table 2.Mean squares of grain yie
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70Table 4. Mean squares of grain yi
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72Table 5. Estimates of general com
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74Table 7. Estimates of general com
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76yield under Striga infestation. T
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78Kim, S.K., V.O. Adetimirin and A.
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80Maize accounts for between 30 and
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82VII, XI and V that had grain yiel
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84Table 3. Inter- and intra-cluster
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86interest, including early, medium
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88IntroductionThe multi-environment
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90Table 1: Sums of squares (SS) exp
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922Table 3: Average proportion of t
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94genotypes within the target sets.
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96residual interaction matrix has b
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98Effects of farmers’ seed source
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100known. The objective of this stu
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102AFigure 1. (A) Percentage seeds
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104zFigure 5. Mean days to 50% silk
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106ReferenceAsiedu, E.A., Twumasi-A
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108Mexique et les USA. Dans les ann
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110In collaboration with the Intern
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112to farmers. Recommendations had
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114maize, the highest grain yield a
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116Figure 1. Trend of land area cul
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118ConclusionIn conclusion, the Ins
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120Valencia, J.A. and S.A. Breth. u
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122
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124chimique. L’effet relatif de l
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126Figure 1: Rainfall pattern in Sa
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128Percentage PercentageFigure 2: M
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130Table 2. Effect of organic mater
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132Yield increase and relative yiel
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134Table 5. Relative grain and stov
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136Dudal, R., 2002. Forty years of
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138Residual benefits of soybean gen
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140The cultivation of leguminous cr
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142(IITA), natural fallow and a lat
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144on exchangeable Ca, exchangeable
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146Table 4. Rotation† and fertili
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152in the top 0-15 cm layer and als
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154inoculation and nitrogen fertili
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156RésuméLes besoins du maïs en
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158Table 1. Monthly distribution an
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160was applied about 5 cm deep, mad
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162Table 3. Effects of legumes and
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164Figure 3: Grain yield of maize a
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166ConclusionFrom the results of th
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168Tarawali, G., 1991. The residual
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170la variété de maïs tolérant
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172It is necessary to validate that
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174Table 2. Effects of previous cro
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176of cowpea, than in the farmers
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178AcknowledgementsThe authors than
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180Potential of drought-tolerant ma
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182potential in comparison to the t
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184ha -1 . Fields were planted on J
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186Table 3. Means for days to silki
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188DiscussionThe observed effects o
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190the yield potential of the genot
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192Edmeades, G.O., J. Bolanos, M. H
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194Genotypic variation of soybean f
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1962002). Therefore, high BNF in so
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198Experimental layout, planting an
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200At 8 WAP, fi ve plants were rand
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202Figure 1. Relationships between
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204signifi cant correlation (P ≤
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206Table 4. Total N accumulation (k
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208Table 5. Total P in grain (kg ha
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210Table 6. Grain yield (kg ha -1 )
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212colonization in previous RP plot
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214(Table 8). However, within speci
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216maize-after-soybean plots over t
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218The observed trends in grain yie
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220in soybean than in maize grain d
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222IITA (International Institute of
Page 245 and 246: 224Snedecor G.W., Cochran G. (1980)
Page 247 and 248: 226irrigated conditions in the Sahe
Page 249 and 250: 228Figure 1: Variation des tempéra
Page 251 and 252: 230L’espérance de la matrice de
Page 253 and 254: 232Tableau 3. Moyennes des caractè
Page 255 and 256: 234Tableau 6. Table d’ANOVA du mo
Page 257 and 258: 236Tableau 8. Table d’ANOVA du mo
Page 259 and 260: 238seconde stratégie répond bien
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Page 263 and 264: 242
Page 265 and 266: 244RésuméDes enquêtes sur les ma
Page 267 and 268: 246Field surveysField surveys were
Page 269 and 270: 248Table 1.PathogensMean incidence
Page 271 and 272: 250Table 3. Correlation matrix betw
Page 273 and 274: 252Table 8. Correlation matrix betw
Page 275 and 276: 254Signifi cant correlations were f
Page 277 and 278: 256NCRE, 1994. Annual Report Camero
Page 279 and 280: 258faibles réactions qui indiquent
Page 281 and 282: 260(b) A no-choice situation. In th
Page 283 and 284: 262Table 2. Ovipositional responses
Page 285 and 286: 264Table 5. Larval feeding response
Page 287 and 288: 266Figure 1. Profiles of colonizing
Page 289 and 290: 268on moderately resistant and susc
Page 291 and 292: 270CCE, (Commission des Communauté
Page 293 and 294: 272RésuméLe Striga est une contra
Page 295: 274the baseline for environmental m
Page 299 and 300: 278(Emechebe et al. 1991) may have
Page 301 and 302: 280ReferencesAnonymous, 1996. Stati
Page 303 and 304: 282The use of spicy plant oils agai
Page 305 and 306: 284The objectives of the present st
Page 307 and 308: 286% mortality100908070605040302010
Page 309 and 310: 288saturated atmosphere in the dark
Page 311 and 312: 290(Gyllenhal) in stored chick-peas
Page 313 and 314: 292intercropped with groundnut, and
Page 315 and 316: 294du Striga. Les observations ont
Page 317 and 318: 296Tableau 1. Incidence des plants
Page 319 and 320: 298Tableau 4. Contd.LibellésUnité
Page 321 and 322: 300soudure. Le traitement maïs ass
Page 323 and 324: 302Herbicide resistant maize: a nov
Page 325 and 326: 304Figure 1. Striga-prone areas in
Page 327 and 328: 306developed herbicide resistant li
Page 329 and 330: 308geo-referenced data from a farm-
Page 331 and 332: 310Table 2: Grain yield and Striga
Page 333 and 334: 312AcknowledgementsThis research wa
Page 335 and 336: 314Effects of maize-cowpea intercro
Page 337 and 338: 316In Cameroon, maize is commonly i
Page 339 and 340: 318Table 1. Relative abundance and
Page 341 and 342: 320Table 4. Maize stem borers’ st
Page 343 and 344: 322were the predominant predator sp
Page 345 and 346: 324on insect infestation and the as
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326Kareiva, P.M., 1983. Finding and
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328
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330impliquées dans la production d
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332Table 1: Scores assigned for fac
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334Table 2. Characteristics of wome
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336Table 5. Spearman rank correlati
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338farmers are given the appropriat
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340RésuméUne étude combinée de
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342ZamfaraStateKatsinaStateFigure 1
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344Table 1. Relative radii of the f
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346Table 4. Number of crops grown i
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348Figure 3: Concentric circles ref
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350No. Maize farmersFigure 4: Facto
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352Table 8. Trend of farmers rating
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354Gyasi, K.O, L.N. Abateisina, T.
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356Bénin. Seed quality was determi
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358Tableau 1. Moyenne des différen
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36070000Nombre de plants à I’hec
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362ISTA (International Seed Testing
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364Togolese Institute of Agricultur
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366variété améliorée et un tém
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368Tableau 2. Cycle des différente
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370Tableau 6. Rendement des variét
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372Tableau 7. Evolution des rendeme
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374300000250000Maïs Mais purMaïs/
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376- Au niveau des tests associatio
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378à base de maïs dans le Nord de
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380Two States (Kaduna and Katsina),
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382Table 1. Percentage of farm hous
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384Table 3. Socio-economic factors
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386AcknowledgementThe authors are g
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388Unexploited yield and profitabil
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390and input combinations. A number
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392The production function in equat
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394host of socio-economic and insti
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396Table 3. Frequency distribution
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398The adjusted R-squared value and
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400Assefa, A., 1995. Analysis of pr
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402Socio-economics of community-bas
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404seed at affordable price to farm
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406Table 1. Socio-economic profiles
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408Table 3. Average labor costs and
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410ReferencesAhmed, B., 1994. Econo
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412communautaire de semences de ma
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414producing QPM seed at the commun
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416Table 1. Cost elements (N/ha) in
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418Table 3. Gross income (N/ha) fro
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420Conclusion and RecommendationsTh
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422Effets de la rotation et de l’
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424Tableau 1. Caractéristiques phy
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426Tableau 3. Composition chimique
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428Figure 1. Evolution des rendemen
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430Maïs-grain (kg.ha -1 )Maïs-gra
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432Tableau 9. Successions culturale
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434Maïs-grain (kg.ha -1 )350030002
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436
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438
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440ont été analysés pour leur co
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442A=(M’-M) x 100/M + A o(1)where
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444Table 1. Physicochemical composi
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446Table 2. Steeping time and varie
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448germination. In general, the pea
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450after cooking of maize malted fl
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452Marero, L. M., E.M. Payuma, A.R.
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454Effects of wheat flour replaceme
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456considerably and this is attribu
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458resulting products (fl ours, dou
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460Table 1. Physico-chemical proper
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462CMS 8806 CMS 8704CMS 9015 CMS 85
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46439.8We ight(g)39.639.439.2390%10
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466He, H. and R.C. Hoseney, 1991. D
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468Adaptation et utilisation de var
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470Figure 1. Distribution mensuelle
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472chaque semaine. L’essai a dur
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474Resultats et DiscussionsTests ag
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476Tableau 2. Proportions des ingr
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478Tableau 5. Composition de l’al
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480Tableau 7. Coûts financiers de
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482des demandeurs à payer et est d
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484ConclusionNotre étude montre qu
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486
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488
Page 511 and 512:
490Breeding, Seed Production and St
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4921. Propose approaches/innovation
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494identifi cation, planning and im
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496
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