Demand-Driven Technologies for Sustainable Maize ... - IITA

309Table 1: Grain yield (t/ha), agronomic characters and Striga plants/m 2 ofearly IR OPVs tested under both Striga-infested and Striga-freeconditions in 7 East African locations during the 2004A season.Grain YieldEntry Pedigree OPT* STR** Anth ASI Husk Ear GLS E.turc Ear StrigaAcross Across Date Cover Rot Aspectt/ha t/ha d d % % 1-5 1-5 1-5 #/sq m17 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-216 5.7 3.4 65 5 8 2 1.7 1.3 2.0 1.89 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-208 5.4 2.9 70 7 7 3 1.6 2.5 2.4 2.67 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-206 5.8 2.5 68 8 12 1 2.0 2.3 2.3 7.818 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-217 5.3 2.7 66 7 15 2 1.8 1.8 2.6 1.810 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-209 5.4 2.5 69 5 11 2 2.1 2.5 2.5 1.011 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-210 5.1 2.6 67 5 9 3 2.1 1.0 2.1 1.812 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-211 5.1 2.2 68 4 12 8 2.0 2.0 2.6 1.58 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-207 5.0 2.2 70 5 12 3 2.0 1.3 2.5 2.34 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-203 4.5 2.6 73 9 7 1 1.7 1.5 2.4 1.014 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-213 5.5 2.1 67 2 6 2 1.8 1.8 2.6 3.720 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-219 4.7 2.7 65 7 7 1 2.4 2.8 2.6 2.222 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-221 4.4 2.4 66 3 8 2 2.3 1.8 2.4 3.416 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-215 5.1 2.0 68 5 9 1 2.3 3.0 2.7 2.713 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-212 4.4 2.4 68 7 11 5 2.1 2.0 2.6 2.419 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-218 4.5 2.1 66 4 7 2 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.723 KSTP-Check1 5.1 1.7 69 8 14 3 2.8 1.3 3.0 52.121 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-220 4.8 1.9 66 -4 8 4 2.1 2.3 2.6 1.424 WS202-Check2 4.6 1.7 66 7 7 3 2.1 3.5 2.9 91.46 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-205 4.2 1.8 65 4 20 10 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.615 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-214 3.8 1.8 67 7 9 3 2.2 2.8 2.8 12.725 H623-Check3 5.9 0.8 68 10 8 10 3.0 1.3 3.6 70.35 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-204 3.3 1.3 65 2 15 2 1.9 1.8 2.8 1.52 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-201 2.5 1.4 66 3 16 5 2.3 2.0 2.8 0.93 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-202 2.8 1.0 66 1 20 -1 2.9 2.0 2.5 2.31 ECA-STRIGOFF-VE-200 2.2 1.0 66 2 25 6 2.3 1.8 3.5 1.0Mean 4.6 2.1 67.1 4.8 11.3 3.4 2.2 2.0 2.7 11.0LSD (0.05) 1.1 0.8 1.5 5.4 6.3 4.8 0.6 1.2 0.5 2.4MSe 0.6 0.3 3.3 6.4 26.8 10.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 2.6CV 16.2 25.5 2.7 53.1 45.7 93.5 19.5 27.2 19.2 50.1Min 2.2 0.8 64.5 -3.5 5.9 -0.7 1.6 1.0 2.0 0.9Max 5.9 3.4 72.5 9.5 24.9 10.0 3.0 3.5 3.6 91.4* = Optimum** = Striga conditionsGLS = gray leaf spotwere of the same maturity (about 68 days to silk); therefore, the yielddifferences among the IR-OPVs and the checks were not due to thedifferences in maturity. Moreover, all IR-OPVs are streak resistant andare more resistant to GLS than the checks (Table 1).Average grain yields of 2.3 and 1.4 t/ha were recorded for theIR-OPV and the most popular hybrid H513 across 15 farmer’s fi elds,with an average of 1 Striga plant/m 2 under the IR-OPV and 7 Strigaplants/m 2 under the hybrid (Table 2).Economic analysisThe yield gains under Striga-infested conditions ranged from 0.8 to 2.7 t/ha. This represented increased gross margins of 128 to 432 US$/ha. Thecost of the herbicide was estimated at 4 US$/ha. However, the seed needsto be purchased each year, unlike local varieties or improved OPVs. Seed