Demand-Driven Technologies for Sustainable Maize ... - IITA

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351Table 6. Significant parameter estimates from stepwise multiple regressionof relative distance of farm plots from homestead on selectedvariables.Parameters Estimated Coeffi cient T. Ratio R 2No. of farm plotsSize of farmNo. of maize farmersNo. of yrs in maize productionPrice of maizePrice of other food grainsNo. of EA visitsPrice of fertilizerNo. of on-farm theftsOverall0.6920.6110.7300.4050.7420.6620.386-0.588-0.7393.438*3.6004*4.521**2.836*4.432**3.688*2.487*-3.859**-5.417**** Signifi cant at 0.05 and 0.01 levels of probability respectively0.5330.5170.4490.5480.4510.5050.5870.4980.4370.773Table 7. Statistically significant parameter estimates from stepwise multipleregression of number of crops in maize-based enterprise selectedvariables.Parameters Estimated Coeffi cient T. Ratio R 2No. of farm plotsSize of farm in haYield of maize in kgYield of other crops in kgNeed for different foodPrice of maizeNo. of EA visitsPest controlYrs of maize cultivation experienceOverall0.5220.5330.5920.5280.4980.586-0.5410.532-0.5653.695*4.900**4976**3.698*3.582*4.899**-4.925**3.710*-4.887**** Signifi cant at 0.05 and 0.01 levels of probability respectively.0.3930.2490.2560.3880.3980.2680.2510.3780.2730.689Determinants of enterprise combinationsNine variables accounted for 69% of the variance of the numberof crops in a maize-based enterprise (Table 7). The number of EAvisits (No EAV) and years of farming experience (YrsMaz) hadhighly signifi cant (P>0.01) negative effects on number of crops in anenterprise. This suggests that EAs greatly infl uenced the number ofcrops in enterprise combinations and this is a refl ection on the level ofeffectiveness of extension services in the rural communities coveredin this study. Since EA:farmer ratio is low, it is likely that the pace ofreduction in the number of crops in enterprise combinations overtimeat locations poorly served by EAs may be less remarkable. The resultsseem to indicate increasing farmers’ concerns for economic issues,such as the price of maize. Hence, strategies that enhance improvedcoverage of extension service are in order, especially as throughoutthe study, farmers’ perception of the current and future potential ofmaize production (Table 8) is high in the Sudan savanna ecology.
352Table 8. Trend of farmers rating/projection of the potential of extra-early maize in the Sudan savanna ecology of Nigeria using 2004 as thebase year.Location 5 yrs ago (1999) Last year(2003)2004 5 yrs from now(2009)Crop being displaced Two most important cereals at thetime of maize introduction (1999)ShaiskawaBandeBanigahannuZurmi5 th6 th6 thNo potential3 rd3 rd4 th3 rd3 rd4 th3 rd3 rd 2 nd2nd2nd1 st or 2ndCotton/ sorghumG/nut & SorghumSorghumSorghumSorghum/MilletSorghum/MilletSorghum/MilletMillet/Sorghum
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iDemand-Driven Technologies forSust
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iiiContentsPrefacePréfaceForewordA
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vAssessment of Striga infestation i
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viiPrefaceThe West and Central Afri
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ixendosperm maize varieties, 95 TZE
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Les agriculteurs de la savane guin
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xiiiForewordMaize (Zea mays L) is o
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xvAvant proposLe maïs (Zea mays L)
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xviiFifth Biennial West and Central
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xixNigeria26 Abdullahi, Y.M. NAERLS
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1Section1Breeding, SeedSystems and
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4skills of the scientists and impro
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6collaborating scientists. This is
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8fi ndings to their peers. They are
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10Figure 3. Funds received by indiv
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12Percentage PercentageYearFigure 5
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14Figure 9. Coefficient of variatio
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16Figure 15. Total maize grain prod
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18Table 2. Capacity Building of NAR
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20DiscussionResults of the analyses
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22the Lead Country Concept was not
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24Badu-Apraku, B., M.A.B. Fakorede,
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26et des lignées dotées de résis
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28Overview of the strategy for deve
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30Table 1. Characteristics of extra
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32Table 2. Performance of extra-ear
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34Table 3. cont’dInbredlineParent
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36different germplasm and for placi
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38Figure 1. Clustering of 35 extra-
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40Table 4. Number of inbred lines i
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42M’Boob, S.S., 1986. A regional
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44sur la performance de leurs hybri
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46Table 1. Mean grain yield (Mg ha
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48Table 2. Means for grain yield an
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50Table 4. Estimates of GCA effects
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52employed to exploit non-additive
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54deux traitements de sol (O, T). L
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56Table 1. Characteristic of 15 par
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58Table 4. Diallel analysis of vari
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60Table 6. Number of adapted x adap
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62ConclusionThe results of this stu
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64Combining ability of diverse maiz
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66S. hermonthica and S. asiatica. Y
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68Table 2.Mean squares of grain yie
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70Table 4. Mean squares of grain yi
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72Table 5. Estimates of general com
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74Table 7. Estimates of general com
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76yield under Striga infestation. T
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78Kim, S.K., V.O. Adetimirin and A.
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80Maize accounts for between 30 and
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82VII, XI and V that had grain yiel
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84Table 3. Inter- and intra-cluster
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86interest, including early, medium
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88IntroductionThe multi-environment
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90Table 1: Sums of squares (SS) exp
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922Table 3: Average proportion of t
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94genotypes within the target sets.
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96residual interaction matrix has b
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98Effects of farmers’ seed source
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100known. The objective of this stu
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102AFigure 1. (A) Percentage seeds
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104zFigure 5. Mean days to 50% silk
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106ReferenceAsiedu, E.A., Twumasi-A
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108Mexique et les USA. Dans les ann
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110In collaboration with the Intern
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112to farmers. Recommendations had
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114maize, the highest grain yield a
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116Figure 1. Trend of land area cul
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118ConclusionIn conclusion, the Ins
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120Valencia, J.A. and S.A. Breth. u
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122
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124chimique. L’effet relatif de l
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126Figure 1: Rainfall pattern in Sa
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128Percentage PercentageFigure 2: M
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130Table 2. Effect of organic mater
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132Yield increase and relative yiel
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134Table 5. Relative grain and stov
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136Dudal, R., 2002. Forty years of
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138Residual benefits of soybean gen
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140The cultivation of leguminous cr
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142(IITA), natural fallow and a lat
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144on exchangeable Ca, exchangeable
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146Table 4. Rotation† and fertili
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152in the top 0-15 cm layer and als
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154inoculation and nitrogen fertili
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156RésuméLes besoins du maïs en
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158Table 1. Monthly distribution an
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160was applied about 5 cm deep, mad
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162Table 3. Effects of legumes and
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164Figure 3: Grain yield of maize a
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166ConclusionFrom the results of th
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168Tarawali, G., 1991. The residual
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170la variété de maïs tolérant
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172It is necessary to validate that
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174Table 2. Effects of previous cro
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176of cowpea, than in the farmers
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178AcknowledgementsThe authors than
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180Potential of drought-tolerant ma
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182potential in comparison to the t
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184ha -1 . Fields were planted on J
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186Table 3. Means for days to silki
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188DiscussionThe observed effects o
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190the yield potential of the genot
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192Edmeades, G.O., J. Bolanos, M. H
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194Genotypic variation of soybean f
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1962002). Therefore, high BNF in so
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198Experimental layout, planting an
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200At 8 WAP, fi ve plants were rand
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202Figure 1. Relationships between
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204signifi cant correlation (P ≤
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206Table 4. Total N accumulation (k
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208Table 5. Total P in grain (kg ha
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210Table 6. Grain yield (kg ha -1 )
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212colonization in previous RP plot
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214(Table 8). However, within speci
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216maize-after-soybean plots over t
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218The observed trends in grain yie
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220in soybean than in maize grain d
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222IITA (International Institute of
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224Snedecor G.W., Cochran G. (1980)
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226irrigated conditions in the Sahe
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228Figure 1: Variation des tempéra
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230L’espérance de la matrice de
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232Tableau 3. Moyennes des caractè
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234Tableau 6. Table d’ANOVA du mo
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236Tableau 8. Table d’ANOVA du mo
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238seconde stratégie répond bien
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240
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242
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244RésuméDes enquêtes sur les ma
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246Field surveysField surveys were
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248Table 1.PathogensMean incidence
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250Table 3. Correlation matrix betw
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252Table 8. Correlation matrix betw
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254Signifi cant correlations were f
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256NCRE, 1994. Annual Report Camero
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258faibles réactions qui indiquent
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260(b) A no-choice situation. In th
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262Table 2. Ovipositional responses
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264Table 5. Larval feeding response
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266Figure 1. Profiles of colonizing
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268on moderately resistant and susc
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270CCE, (Commission des Communauté
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272RésuméLe Striga est une contra
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274the baseline for environmental m
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276Table 1. Percentage of crop and
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278(Emechebe et al. 1991) may have
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280ReferencesAnonymous, 1996. Stati
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282The use of spicy plant oils agai
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284The objectives of the present st
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286% mortality100908070605040302010
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288saturated atmosphere in the dark
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290(Gyllenhal) in stored chick-peas
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292intercropped with groundnut, and
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294du Striga. Les observations ont
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296Tableau 1. Incidence des plants
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298Tableau 4. Contd.LibellésUnité
Page 321 and 322: 300soudure. Le traitement maïs ass
Page 323 and 324: 302Herbicide resistant maize: a nov
Page 325 and 326: 304Figure 1. Striga-prone areas in
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Page 329 and 330: 308geo-referenced data from a farm-
Page 331 and 332: 310Table 2: Grain yield and Striga
Page 333 and 334: 312AcknowledgementsThis research wa
Page 335 and 336: 314Effects of maize-cowpea intercro
Page 337 and 338: 316In Cameroon, maize is commonly i
Page 339 and 340: 318Table 1. Relative abundance and
Page 341 and 342: 320Table 4. Maize stem borers’ st
Page 343 and 344: 322were the predominant predator sp
Page 345 and 346: 324on insect infestation and the as
Page 347 and 348: 326Kareiva, P.M., 1983. Finding and
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Page 351 and 352: 330impliquées dans la production d
Page 353 and 354: 332Table 1: Scores assigned for fac
Page 355 and 356: 334Table 2. Characteristics of wome
Page 357 and 358: 336Table 5. Spearman rank correlati
Page 359 and 360: 338farmers are given the appropriat
Page 361 and 362: 340RésuméUne étude combinée de
Page 363 and 364: 342ZamfaraStateKatsinaStateFigure 1
Page 365 and 366: 344Table 1. Relative radii of the f
Page 367 and 368: 346Table 4. Number of crops grown i
Page 369 and 370: 348Figure 3: Concentric circles ref
Page 371: 350No. Maize farmersFigure 4: Facto
Page 375 and 376: 354Gyasi, K.O, L.N. Abateisina, T.
Page 377 and 378: 356Bénin. Seed quality was determi
Page 379 and 380: 358Tableau 1. Moyenne des différen
Page 381 and 382: 36070000Nombre de plants à I’hec
Page 383 and 384: 362ISTA (International Seed Testing
Page 385 and 386: 364Togolese Institute of Agricultur
Page 387 and 388: 366variété améliorée et un tém
Page 389 and 390: 368Tableau 2. Cycle des différente
Page 391 and 392: 370Tableau 6. Rendement des variét
Page 393 and 394: 372Tableau 7. Evolution des rendeme
Page 395 and 396: 374300000250000Maïs Mais purMaïs/
Page 397 and 398: 376- Au niveau des tests associatio
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Page 401 and 402: 380Two States (Kaduna and Katsina),
Page 403 and 404: 382Table 1. Percentage of farm hous
Page 405 and 406: 384Table 3. Socio-economic factors
Page 407 and 408: 386AcknowledgementThe authors are g
Page 409 and 410: 388Unexploited yield and profitabil
Page 411 and 412: 390and input combinations. A number
Page 413 and 414: 392The production function in equat
Page 415 and 416: 394host of socio-economic and insti
Page 417 and 418: 396Table 3. Frequency distribution
Page 419 and 420: 398The adjusted R-squared value and
Page 421 and 422: 400Assefa, A., 1995. Analysis of pr
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402Socio-economics of community-bas
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404seed at affordable price to farm
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406Table 1. Socio-economic profiles
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408Table 3. Average labor costs and
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410ReferencesAhmed, B., 1994. Econo
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412communautaire de semences de ma
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414producing QPM seed at the commun
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416Table 1. Cost elements (N/ha) in
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418Table 3. Gross income (N/ha) fro
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420Conclusion and RecommendationsTh
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422Effets de la rotation et de l’
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424Tableau 1. Caractéristiques phy
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426Tableau 3. Composition chimique
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428Figure 1. Evolution des rendemen
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430Maïs-grain (kg.ha -1 )Maïs-gra
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432Tableau 9. Successions culturale
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434Maïs-grain (kg.ha -1 )350030002
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436
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438
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440ont été analysés pour leur co
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442A=(M’-M) x 100/M + A o(1)where
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444Table 1. Physicochemical composi
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446Table 2. Steeping time and varie
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448germination. In general, the pea
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450after cooking of maize malted fl
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452Marero, L. M., E.M. Payuma, A.R.
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454Effects of wheat flour replaceme
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456considerably and this is attribu
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458resulting products (fl ours, dou
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460Table 1. Physico-chemical proper
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462CMS 8806 CMS 8704CMS 9015 CMS 85
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46439.8We ight(g)39.639.439.2390%10
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466He, H. and R.C. Hoseney, 1991. D
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468Adaptation et utilisation de var
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470Figure 1. Distribution mensuelle
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472chaque semaine. L’essai a dur
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474Resultats et DiscussionsTests ag
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476Tableau 2. Proportions des ingr
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478Tableau 5. Composition de l’al
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480Tableau 7. Coûts financiers de
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482des demandeurs à payer et est d
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484ConclusionNotre étude montre qu
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486
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488
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490Breeding, Seed Production and St
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4921. Propose approaches/innovation
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494identifi cation, planning and im
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496
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