Demand-Driven Technologies for Sustainable Maize ... - IITA

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In B. Badu-Apraku, M.A.B. Fakorede, M. Ouedraogo, R.J. Carsky and A.Menkir (eds.) Maize revolution in West and Central Africa. Proceedings ofa Regional Maize Workshop, IITA-Cotonou, Benin Republic, 14–18 May,2001, WECAMAN/IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.Falaki, A.M., S. Miko, and M.A. Hussaini, 1999. Improved maize production:Prospects and problems. In J.E Valencia, A.M. Falaki, S. Miko, and S.G.Ado (eds.) Sustainable maize production in Nigeria: The challenge in thecoming millennium. Proceedings of a Workshop held in Zaria. SasakawaGlobal 2000, Nigeria Project.Ogunfowora, B., 1996. Inputs supply and distribution for crop production inNigeria: Problems and facts. Keynote Address presented at the 1 st ISNAR/NAERLS/FAO Joint Seminar held at NAERLS, Zaria, 13 June 1996.Sallah, P.Y.K., K. Obeng-Atwi, E.A. Asiedu, M.B. Ewool, and B.D. Dzah, 2003.Recent advances in the development and promotion of quality proteinmaize in Ghana. Pp 410–424 In B. Badu-Apraku, M.A.B. Fakorede, M.Ouedraogo, R.J. Carsky and A. Menkir (eds.) Maize revolution in West andCentral Africa. Proceedings of a Regional Maize Workshop, IITA-Cotonou,Benin Republic, 14–18 May 2001, WECAMAN/IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria.Upton, Martin, 1999. The economics of tropical farming systems. CambridgeUniversity Press, Great Britain.421
422Effets de la rotation et de l’associationculturales Maïs-Pois d’angole sur l’améliorationdes rendements du maïs en zone de savane duBurkina FasoSami Hyacinthe Kambire 1 , Jacob Sanou 2 , et Constantin Sankara 21INERA CREAF de Kamboinsé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso2INERA Station de Farako Ba, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina FasoRésuméLe but de l’expérimentation était de mettre en évidence un effet éventuelde la rotation ou de l’association culturale du maïs avec le pois d’angolecombiné ou non à l’application des phosphates naturels du BurkinaFaso. Cette étude a été conduite dans la zone maïsole du Burkina Fasosur deux sites appartenant à la même zone climatique pendant cinqans (site de Farako Ba) et quatre ans (site de Sidéradougou). On peutnoter les points suivants: Sur le site de Farako Ba : Les rendementsdéclinent très rapidement et à un rythme régulier en monoculture demaïs. L’effet précédent pois d’angole (avec ou sans apport de phosphatenaturel) est pratiquement nul. L’association maïs/pois d’angole amélioreles rendements du maïs par rapport à une culture pure de maïs. Lesrendements peuvent être multipliés par trois. La présence du phosphatenaturel du Burkina appliqué une année avant l’association ne changepas les résultats. Cette association a permis de relever les rendementsjusqu’au niveau atteint au début de l’expérimentation. Les différentstraitements n’ont pas entraîné une différence dans les stocks decarbone du sol. Par contre le taux de phosphore total est plus élevésur le traitement comprenant un amendement en phosphates naturels.La présence du pois d’angole seul améliore les réserves en phosphoredu sol par rapport au témoin en monoculture de maïs. Sur le site deSidéradougou : la monoculture de maïs enregistre les rendements lesplus bas également. L’addition de phosphates naturels améliore lesrendements en situation de monoculture de maïs mais à partir de ladeuxième année d’application. L’effet du Burkina phosphate est plusmarqué en présence de pois d’angole. Dans ces conditions l’effet duBurkina phosphate démarre à partir de la deuxième année. La simpleprésence du pois d’angole dans le système de culture améliore lesrendements. Au vu de ces résultats on peut recommander l’utilisationdu pois d’angole dans les systèmes de culture de la zone maïsicole duBurkina Faso en association culturale avec une application de Burkinaphosphate une fois tous les deux ans à la dose de 400 kg.ha -1 .
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iDemand-Driven Technologies forSust
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iiiContentsPrefacePréfaceForewordA
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vAssessment of Striga infestation i
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viiPrefaceThe West and Central Afri
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ixendosperm maize varieties, 95 TZE
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Les agriculteurs de la savane guin
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xiiiForewordMaize (Zea mays L) is o
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xvAvant proposLe maïs (Zea mays L)
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xviiFifth Biennial West and Central
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xixNigeria26 Abdullahi, Y.M. NAERLS
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1Section1Breeding, SeedSystems and
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4skills of the scientists and impro
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6collaborating scientists. This is
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8fi ndings to their peers. They are
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10Figure 3. Funds received by indiv
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12Percentage PercentageYearFigure 5
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14Figure 9. Coefficient of variatio
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16Figure 15. Total maize grain prod
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18Table 2. Capacity Building of NAR
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20DiscussionResults of the analyses
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22the Lead Country Concept was not
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24Badu-Apraku, B., M.A.B. Fakorede,
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26et des lignées dotées de résis
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28Overview of the strategy for deve
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30Table 1. Characteristics of extra
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32Table 2. Performance of extra-ear
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34Table 3. cont’dInbredlineParent
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36different germplasm and for placi
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38Figure 1. Clustering of 35 extra-
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40Table 4. Number of inbred lines i
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42M’Boob, S.S., 1986. A regional
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44sur la performance de leurs hybri
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46Table 1. Mean grain yield (Mg ha
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48Table 2. Means for grain yield an
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50Table 4. Estimates of GCA effects
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52employed to exploit non-additive
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54deux traitements de sol (O, T). L
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56Table 1. Characteristic of 15 par
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58Table 4. Diallel analysis of vari
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60Table 6. Number of adapted x adap
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62ConclusionThe results of this stu
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64Combining ability of diverse maiz
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66S. hermonthica and S. asiatica. Y
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68Table 2.Mean squares of grain yie
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70Table 4. Mean squares of grain yi
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72Table 5. Estimates of general com
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74Table 7. Estimates of general com
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76yield under Striga infestation. T
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78Kim, S.K., V.O. Adetimirin and A.
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80Maize accounts for between 30 and
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82VII, XI and V that had grain yiel
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84Table 3. Inter- and intra-cluster
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86interest, including early, medium
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88IntroductionThe multi-environment
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90Table 1: Sums of squares (SS) exp
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922Table 3: Average proportion of t
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94genotypes within the target sets.
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96residual interaction matrix has b
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98Effects of farmers’ seed source
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100known. The objective of this stu
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102AFigure 1. (A) Percentage seeds
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104zFigure 5. Mean days to 50% silk
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106ReferenceAsiedu, E.A., Twumasi-A
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108Mexique et les USA. Dans les ann
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110In collaboration with the Intern
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112to farmers. Recommendations had
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114maize, the highest grain yield a
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116Figure 1. Trend of land area cul
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118ConclusionIn conclusion, the Ins
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120Valencia, J.A. and S.A. Breth. u
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122
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124chimique. L’effet relatif de l
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126Figure 1: Rainfall pattern in Sa
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128Percentage PercentageFigure 2: M
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130Table 2. Effect of organic mater
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132Yield increase and relative yiel
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134Table 5. Relative grain and stov
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136Dudal, R., 2002. Forty years of
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138Residual benefits of soybean gen
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140The cultivation of leguminous cr
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142(IITA), natural fallow and a lat
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144on exchangeable Ca, exchangeable
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146Table 4. Rotation† and fertili
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152in the top 0-15 cm layer and als
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154inoculation and nitrogen fertili
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156RésuméLes besoins du maïs en
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158Table 1. Monthly distribution an
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160was applied about 5 cm deep, mad
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162Table 3. Effects of legumes and
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164Figure 3: Grain yield of maize a
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166ConclusionFrom the results of th
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168Tarawali, G., 1991. The residual
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170la variété de maïs tolérant
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172It is necessary to validate that
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174Table 2. Effects of previous cro
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176of cowpea, than in the farmers
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178AcknowledgementsThe authors than
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180Potential of drought-tolerant ma
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182potential in comparison to the t
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184ha -1 . Fields were planted on J
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186Table 3. Means for days to silki
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188DiscussionThe observed effects o
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190the yield potential of the genot
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192Edmeades, G.O., J. Bolanos, M. H
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194Genotypic variation of soybean f
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1962002). Therefore, high BNF in so
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198Experimental layout, planting an
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200At 8 WAP, fi ve plants were rand
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202Figure 1. Relationships between
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204signifi cant correlation (P ≤
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206Table 4. Total N accumulation (k
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208Table 5. Total P in grain (kg ha
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210Table 6. Grain yield (kg ha -1 )
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212colonization in previous RP plot
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214(Table 8). However, within speci
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216maize-after-soybean plots over t
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218The observed trends in grain yie
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220in soybean than in maize grain d
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222IITA (International Institute of
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224Snedecor G.W., Cochran G. (1980)
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226irrigated conditions in the Sahe
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228Figure 1: Variation des tempéra
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230L’espérance de la matrice de
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232Tableau 3. Moyennes des caractè
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234Tableau 6. Table d’ANOVA du mo
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236Tableau 8. Table d’ANOVA du mo
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238seconde stratégie répond bien
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240
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242
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244RésuméDes enquêtes sur les ma
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246Field surveysField surveys were
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248Table 1.PathogensMean incidence
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250Table 3. Correlation matrix betw
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252Table 8. Correlation matrix betw
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254Signifi cant correlations were f
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256NCRE, 1994. Annual Report Camero
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258faibles réactions qui indiquent
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260(b) A no-choice situation. In th
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262Table 2. Ovipositional responses
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264Table 5. Larval feeding response
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266Figure 1. Profiles of colonizing
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268on moderately resistant and susc
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270CCE, (Commission des Communauté
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272RésuméLe Striga est une contra
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274the baseline for environmental m
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276Table 1. Percentage of crop and
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278(Emechebe et al. 1991) may have
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280ReferencesAnonymous, 1996. Stati
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282The use of spicy plant oils agai
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284The objectives of the present st
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286% mortality100908070605040302010
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288saturated atmosphere in the dark
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290(Gyllenhal) in stored chick-peas
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292intercropped with groundnut, and
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294du Striga. Les observations ont
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296Tableau 1. Incidence des plants
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298Tableau 4. Contd.LibellésUnité
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300soudure. Le traitement maïs ass
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302Herbicide resistant maize: a nov
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304Figure 1. Striga-prone areas in
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306developed herbicide resistant li
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308geo-referenced data from a farm-
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310Table 2: Grain yield and Striga
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312AcknowledgementsThis research wa
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314Effects of maize-cowpea intercro
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316In Cameroon, maize is commonly i
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318Table 1. Relative abundance and
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320Table 4. Maize stem borers’ st
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322were the predominant predator sp
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324on insect infestation and the as
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326Kareiva, P.M., 1983. Finding and
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328
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330impliquées dans la production d
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332Table 1: Scores assigned for fac
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334Table 2. Characteristics of wome
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336Table 5. Spearman rank correlati
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338farmers are given the appropriat
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340RésuméUne étude combinée de
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342ZamfaraStateKatsinaStateFigure 1
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344Table 1. Relative radii of the f
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346Table 4. Number of crops grown i
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348Figure 3: Concentric circles ref
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350No. Maize farmersFigure 4: Facto
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352Table 8. Trend of farmers rating
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354Gyasi, K.O, L.N. Abateisina, T.
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356Bénin. Seed quality was determi
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358Tableau 1. Moyenne des différen
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36070000Nombre de plants à I’hec
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362ISTA (International Seed Testing
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364Togolese Institute of Agricultur
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366variété améliorée et un tém
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368Tableau 2. Cycle des différente
Page 391 and 392: 370Tableau 6. Rendement des variét
Page 393 and 394: 372Tableau 7. Evolution des rendeme
Page 395 and 396: 374300000250000Maïs Mais purMaïs/
Page 397 and 398: 376- Au niveau des tests associatio
Page 399 and 400: 378à base de maïs dans le Nord de
Page 401 and 402: 380Two States (Kaduna and Katsina),
Page 403 and 404: 382Table 1. Percentage of farm hous
Page 405 and 406: 384Table 3. Socio-economic factors
Page 407 and 408: 386AcknowledgementThe authors are g
Page 409 and 410: 388Unexploited yield and profitabil
Page 411 and 412: 390and input combinations. A number
Page 413 and 414: 392The production function in equat
Page 415 and 416: 394host of socio-economic and insti
Page 417 and 418: 396Table 3. Frequency distribution
Page 419 and 420: 398The adjusted R-squared value and
Page 421 and 422: 400Assefa, A., 1995. Analysis of pr
Page 423 and 424: 402Socio-economics of community-bas
Page 425 and 426: 404seed at affordable price to farm
Page 427 and 428: 406Table 1. Socio-economic profiles
Page 429 and 430: 408Table 3. Average labor costs and
Page 431 and 432: 410ReferencesAhmed, B., 1994. Econo
Page 433 and 434: 412communautaire de semences de ma
Page 435 and 436: 414producing QPM seed at the commun
Page 437 and 438: 416Table 1. Cost elements (N/ha) in
Page 439 and 440: 418Table 3. Gross income (N/ha) fro
Page 441: 420Conclusion and RecommendationsTh
Page 445 and 446: 424Tableau 1. Caractéristiques phy
Page 447 and 448: 426Tableau 3. Composition chimique
Page 449 and 450: 428Figure 1. Evolution des rendemen
Page 451 and 452: 430Maïs-grain (kg.ha -1 )Maïs-gra
Page 453 and 454: 432Tableau 9. Successions culturale
Page 455 and 456: 434Maïs-grain (kg.ha -1 )350030002
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Page 461 and 462: 440ont été analysés pour leur co
Page 463 and 464: 442A=(M’-M) x 100/M + A o(1)where
Page 465 and 466: 444Table 1. Physicochemical composi
Page 467 and 468: 446Table 2. Steeping time and varie
Page 469 and 470: 448germination. In general, the pea
Page 471 and 472: 450after cooking of maize malted fl
Page 473 and 474: 452Marero, L. M., E.M. Payuma, A.R.
Page 475 and 476: 454Effects of wheat flour replaceme
Page 477 and 478: 456considerably and this is attribu
Page 479 and 480: 458resulting products (fl ours, dou
Page 481 and 482: 460Table 1. Physico-chemical proper
Page 483 and 484: 462CMS 8806 CMS 8704CMS 9015 CMS 85
Page 485 and 486: 46439.8We ight(g)39.639.439.2390%10
Page 487 and 488: 466He, H. and R.C. Hoseney, 1991. D
Page 489 and 490: 468Adaptation et utilisation de var
Page 491 and 492: 470Figure 1. Distribution mensuelle
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472chaque semaine. L’essai a dur
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474Resultats et DiscussionsTests ag
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476Tableau 2. Proportions des ingr
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478Tableau 5. Composition de l’al
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480Tableau 7. Coûts financiers de
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482des demandeurs à payer et est d
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484ConclusionNotre étude montre qu
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486
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488
Page 511 and 512:
490Breeding, Seed Production and St
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4921. Propose approaches/innovation
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494identifi cation, planning and im
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496
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