The Spatial Concentration of Subsidized Housing - Poverty & Race ...

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MSA /PMSA Code MSA / PMSA Name PopulationBlack-Non-BlackHispanic-Non-HispanicPoor-Non-PoorSubsidized-Non-Subsidized2650 Florence, AL MSA 142,950 0.4200 0.2968 0.2440 0.57622655 Florence, SC MSA 125,761 0.4216 0.3191 0.2751 0.56062670 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO MSA 251,494 0.3415 0.2051 0.4017 0.50062680 Fort Lauderdale, FL PMSA 1,623,018 0.5754 0.2817 0.3100 0.69472700 Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL MSA 440,888 0.6513 0.3715 0.3100 0.78202710 Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, FL MSA 319,426 0.5670 0.3713 0.3394 0.78762720 Fort Smith, AR-OK MSA 207,290 0.5071 0.4712 0.2314 0.41372750 Fort Walton Beach, FL MSA 170,498 0.2782 0.2527 0.2227 0.57292760 Fort Wayne, IN MSA 501,733 0.6996 0.4119 0.3669 0.62432800 Fort Worth-Arlington, TX PMSA 1,702,625 0.5412 0.4284 0.3601 0.63192840 Fresno, CA MSA 921,646 0.4166 0.4085 0.3324 0.47072880 Gadsden, AL MSA 103,459 0.6866 0.3597 0.2754 0.62782900 Gainesville, FL MSA 217,955 0.4140 0.2281 0.4248 0.59872920 Galveston-Texas City, TX PMSA 250,158 0.5374 0.2618 0.3255 0.57882960 Gary, IN PMSA 631,362 0.8022 0.4283 0.4175 0.70842975 Glens Falls, NY MSA 124,345 0.6284 0.4602 0.2078 0.57072980 Goldsboro, NC MSA 113,329 0.4005 0.3740 0.2713 0.67172985 Grand Forks, ND-MN MSA 97,478 0.4043 0.3792 0.2676 0.39922995 Grand Junction, CO MSA 116,255 0.3721 0.2260 0.2405 0.44953000 Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI MSA 1,088,514 0.6427 0.4696 0.3335 0.61143040 Great Falls, MT MSA 80,357 0.3666 0.3106 0.2708 0.54763060 Greeley, CO PMSA 178,717 0.3148 0.3357 0.3290 0.47933080 Green Bay, WI MSA 224,842 0.3234 0.4988 0.3399 0.49863120 Greensboro--Winston-Salem--High Point, NC MSA 1,251,509 0.5478 0.4043 0.3059 0.60683150 Greenville, NC MSA 133,798 0.3237 0.2592 0.2468 0.48023160 Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, SC MSA 962,441 0.4356 0.3868 0.2726 0.59193180 Hagerstown, MD PMSA 125,071 0.4663 0.3878 0.3273 0.50063200 Hamilton-Middletown, OH PMSA 332,807 0.4450 0.3889 0.4778 0.60393240 Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA MSA 629,401 0.6901 0.4903 0.3319 0.61333280 Hartford, CT MSA 1,182,888 0.5811 0.5825 0.4710 0.58683285 Hattiesburg, MS MSA 111,674 0.5310 0.3119 0.2874 0.50073290 Hickory-Morganton-Lenoir, NC MSA 341,851 0.4429 0.4078 0.1683 0.59203320 Honolulu, HI MSA 876,132 0.4352 0.2215 0.3432 0.63413350 Houma, LA MSA 194,477 0.4466 0.3041 0.2186 0.51863360 Houston, TX PMSA 4,175,473 0.5654 0.4641 0.3584 0.6929176
MSA /PMSA Code MSA / PMSA Name PopulationBlack-Non-BlackHispanic-Non-HispanicPoor-Non-PoorSubsidized-Non-Subsidized3400 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH MSA 315,538 0.5590 0.4644 0.2256 0.51773440 Huntsville, AL MSA 342,376 0.5303 0.2970 0.3264 0.60593480 Indianapolis, IN MSA 1,607,486 0.6934 0.4232 0.3746 0.57583500 Iowa City, IA MSA 111,006 0.3458 0.2158 0.4318 0.40343520 Jackson, MI MSA 155,428 0.6557 0.2636 0.3369 0.63283560 Jackson, MS MSA 440,801 0.6109 0.3652 0.3787 0.60913580 Jackson, TN MSA 107,377 0.5515 0.4061 0.3197 0.65663600 Jacksonville, FL MSA 1,100,491 0.5247 0.2517 0.3185 0.60633605 Jacksonville, NC MSA 150,355 0.2402 0.2383 0.2472 0.72113610 Jamestown, NY MSA 139,750 0.5017 0.5091 0.2282 0.51903620 Janesville-Beloit, WI MSA 152,307 0.5757 0.3688 0.2906 0.46673640 Jersey City, NJ PMSA 608,975 0.5568 0.4431 0.2303 0.48793660 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA MSA 480,091 0.4959 0.3636 0.1916 0.61423680 Johnstown, PA MSA 232,621 0.6815 0.4513 0.2067 0.61483700 Jonesboro, AR MSA 82,148 0.4083 0.3146 0.2579 0.29933710 Joplin, MO MSA 157,322 0.4108 0.3260 0.1642 0.50163720 Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI MSA 452,851 0.5148 0.3398 0.3543 0.57973740 Kankakee, IL PMSA 103,833 0.6896 0.3268 0.3530 0.64743760 Kansas City, MO-KS MSA 1,775,751 0.6727 0.4295 0.3927 0.61913800 Kenosha, WI PMSA 149,577 0.4365 0.3943 0.2974 0.46783810 Killeen-Temple, TX MSA 312,952 0.3472 0.1561 0.2289 0.46003840 Knoxville, TN MSA 687,017 0.5722 0.3334 0.3306 0.59413850 Kokomo, IN MSA 101,541 0.4805 0.2225 0.3336 0.57783870 La Crosse, WI-MN MSA 126,838 0.4278 0.3193 0.4042 0.45723880 Lafayette, LA MSA 385,647 0.4855 0.3189 0.2549 0.47873920 Lafayette, IN MSA 176,004 0.3729 0.4082 0.4622 0.54023960 Lake Charles, LA MSA 183,577 0.6136 0.2494 0.2736 0.53073980 Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL MSA 483,924 0.5124 0.3399 0.2832 0.70754000 Lancaster, PA MSA 470,658 0.5738 0.5969 0.3289 0.67044040 Lansing-East Lansing, MI MSA 447,728 0.5324 0.3321 0.4497 0.57704080 Laredo, TX MSA 193,117 0.3107 0.3191 0.2746 0.47074100 Las Cruces, NM MSA 174,682 0.2805 0.3569 0.2647 0.50694120 Las Vegas, NV-AZ MSA 1,563,282 0.3599 0.3846 0.3258 0.65014150 Lawrence, KS MSA 99,962 0.2351 0.1725 0.3653 0.47454160 Lawrence, MA-NH PMSA 396,230 0.5139 0.7460 0.4579 0.5934177
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THE SPATIAL CONCENTRATION OF SUBSID
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I certify that I have read this dis
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TABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF TABLES ...
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6.4 Summary of Cluster Analysis Res
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Table 5.2 Range of MSA Segregation
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ABSTRACTSubsidized housing has been
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Chapter 1INTRODUCTIONPublic housing
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Data on subsidized housing prior to
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subsidy programs in that rents are
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Chapter 2LITERATURE REVIEWA compreh
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from the nine matched neighborhood
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Overall, it is clear that there are
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limited the study to city vs. subur
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to the public housing, location adj
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hardship; and 2) public housing wea
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deconcentrated over time is whether
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deconcentration. In fact, a higher
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in the same neighborhood). On avera
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Concentration of Tenant-Based Subsi
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Wang, Varady and Wang (2008) studie
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from the vouchers. However, there w
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consisting of single family zones,
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early-mid 1990’s consisting of pu
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Recent studies of individual housin
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One of the criticisms of the HOPE V
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that they are smaller scale, better
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Chapter 3METHODOLOGYWhile the conce
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Data AvailabilityA limitation in th
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just coming on line in the 1990’s
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with 1,500 to 12,000 the minimum an
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exclusion of these units is not pro
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Unduplication of Subsidized UnitsDu
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projects between 35.2 and 46.6 perc
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Resulting Data for AnalysisAs a res
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Lack of household level data will l
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TABLE 4.2Mean Subsidized Housing Un
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Measures of ConcentrationThree meas
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TABLE 4.6Subsidized Units as a Perc
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would have to be to be considered t
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mean of 82 subsidized units per tra
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Subsidized Housing by Type and Pove
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TABLE 4.9Subsidized Units by Subsid
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unemployment rate (.427), less than
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TABLE 4.12Correlation Matrix (page
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TABLE 4.12Correlation Matrix (page
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spatial sensitivity because many di
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It is possible that these census tr
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only 8 MSA’s). The segregation in
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The correlation between the subsidi
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developing strategies to deconcentr
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y subsidy type. The correlation bet
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with a poverty rate of 9.2 percent.
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The cluster is relatively small con
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Cluster 7: Other Site-Based Units -
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the only cluster that had a signifi
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alter the perception of public hous
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VouchersVoucher type tracts are dom
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TABLE 6.1Subsidized Units by Cluste
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FIGURE 6.1Percent Census Tracts by
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FIGURE 6.5Census Tract Percent Rent
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Cluster - Concentration -PovertyCen
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strategies. The cluster map shows t
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FIGURE 6.9Map of Public Housing Uni
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Cluster 1: Voucher/No Subsidized Un
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considered moderately concentrated
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Cluster Analysis ResultsThe cluster
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tracts than other subsidy types it
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ecommend efforts to reduce the leve
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Page 140 and 141: units. Given the high cost of these
Page 142 and 143: REFERENCESAbt Associates, I. (2006)
Page 144 and 145: Briggs, X. d. S. (Ed.). (2005). The
Page 146 and 147: Deng, L. (2007). Comparing the effe
Page 148 and 149: Ellen, I. G., & Voicu, I. (2005). N
Page 150 and 151: Galster, G. C. (2005). Consequences
Page 152 and 153: Harris, L. E. (1999). A home is mor
Page 154 and 155: Johnson, M. P. (2006). Single-perio
Page 156 and 157: Lee, B. A., Reardon, S. F., Firebau
Page 158 and 159: Nguyen, M. T. (2005). Does Affordab
Page 160 and 161: implementing eight consent decrees.
Page 162 and 163: Schwartz, A. (1999). New York City
Page 164 and 165: Varady, D. P., & Walker, C. C. (200
Page 166 and 167: APPENDIX A.1Downloadable Databases
Page 168 and 169: APPENDIX A.4Missing DataPublicHousi
Page 170 and 171: APPENDIX A.6Subsidized Housing Unit
Page 172 and 173: APPENDIX A.8Subsidized Housing Unit
Page 174 and 175: APPENDIX A.9Demographics by Cluster
Page 176 and 177: MSAFIPS MSA Name Population Voucher
Page 186 and 187: MSA /PMSA Code MSA / PMSA Name Popu
Page 196 and 197: Author Date Data GeographyGalster a
Page 198 and 199: Author Date Data GeographyHolloway,
Page 200 and 201: Author Date Data GeographyType ofPr
Page 202 and 203: Author Date Data GeographyMurray 19
Page 204 and 205: Author Date Data GeographyLee 20081
Page 206 and 207: Author Date Data GeographyOakley 20
Page 208 and 209: Devine, Gray,Rubin andTaghavi (HUD)
Page 210 and 211: Carlson,Haveman,Kaplan andWolfe 200
Page 212 and 213: Newman andSchnare 1997Rohe andFreem
Page 214: Galster andZobel 1998Freeman andBot
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