Neural Correlates of Processing Syntax in Music and ... - PubMan

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Experiment II 115 as compared to no significant difference at any ROI in the SLI group. This reflects the elicitation of an ERAN over anterior sites in the children with TLD which could not be observed in the children with SLI. Table 10-1 Overview of the results from the ANOVAs used to statistically evaluate the ERP responses. Three time windows were investigated: the early difference in acoustic processing (100 - 180 ms), the ERAN (230 - 350 ms) and the N5 (500 - 700 ms). 100 -180 ms 230 – 350 ms 500 – 700 ms F(1,33) p F(1,33) p F(1,33) p chord func. 7.88 0.008 2.31 0.138 0.20 0.658 chord func. × subgroup 7.63 0.009 15.27
Experiment II 116 in the ERP response to the two chord functions. User-defined contrasts helped to deter- mine the scalp site at which the difference between the two chord functions was significant: In the TLD group significant differences were found for both anterior ROIs (left: F(1,19) =4.49, p = 0.048; right: F(1,19) =8.90, p = 0.008) whereas in the SLI group the differences were not significant at any ROI. Taken together, the pattern of results for the N5 resembled the pattern for the ERAN. In addition to the results for the ERAN and the N5 (in the children with TLD), which are in accordance with our hypotheses, there was also an unexpected finding in the children with SLI: In contrast to the children with TLD, ERP responses to tonics and supertonics differed in the children with SLI around 100 ms after stimulus onset (see Figure 10-3). In children with SLI, tonic chords elicited a less positive potential around 100 ms (M =4.89μV, SEM = 0.66 μV; mean amplitude of all ROIs) compared to children with TLD (M =6.65μV, SEM = 0.57 μV). The ERP responses to the supertonics were similar in both groups (SLI: M = 6.42 μV, SEM =0.65μV; NLD: M =6.67μV, SEM =0.57 μV). An ANOVA with the within-subject factors chord function, anterior-posterior distribution, and hemisphere revealed a main effect of chord function and an interaction of chord function × subgroup (see first column of Table 10-1). However, no main effect of subgroup was found. That is, the amplitude values per se did not differ in the two groups. To investigate the chord function × subgroup interaction in more detail, two further ANOVAs were computed for each group separately. In the group of children with SLI, a main effect of chord function (F(1,14) = 10.72, p = 0.006) was revealed whereas neither a main effect nor interactions with chord function were found in the TLD group. For the difference in the ERP waveforms around 800 to 1000 ms, neither significant main effects nor interactions were found. Correlation analyses and classification of the groups: In the hypotheses comparable difficulties with syntax processing in children with SLI were assumed for both language and music. This was tested by means of correlation analyses. Variables were, on the one hand, the ERP amplitudes in the ERAN and the N5 time window (at anterior ROIs; rows of Table 10-2) and, on the other hand, the behavioural measures (all subtests of a language development test, tests of musical abilities, and subtests of a non-verbal intelligence; columns of Table 10-2). For the amplitude of the early difference (around 100 to 180 ms) no significant correlations were found. All correlations are negative since superior results in the tests (mostly for children with TLD) are related to large (more
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Sebastian Jentschke: Neural Correla
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Gutachter der Arbeit Prof. Dr. Ange
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Table of contents 1 Introduction 1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS IX 7 Electroencep
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TABLE OF CONTENTS XI Abbreviations
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Zusammenfassung der wissenschaftlic
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1 Introduction Language and music a
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2 Music Perception Music is one of
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Music Perception 5 to her infant re
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Music Perception 7 chronize movemen
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Music Perception 9 at 5 years of ag
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Music Perception 11 keys related by
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Music Perception 13 Krumhansl and S
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Music Perception 15 tion. The proce
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Music Perception 17 MMN paradigms m
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Music Perception 19 In a study, emp
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Music Perception 21 2001a). Janata
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3 Musical Training Performing a pie
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Musical Training 25 Deliberate prac
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Musical Training 27 them to transfe
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Musical Training 29 can be found ev
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Musical Training 31 dition (and onl
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Musical Training 33 without substan
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Musical Training 35 such studies sh
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Musical Training 37 with regard to
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Music and Language 40 Brown (2000)
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Music and Language 42 ture (for a r
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Music and Language 44 Neural constr
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Music and Language 46 pitch registe
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Music and Language 48 functions. Th
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Music and Language 50 found from ve
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Language Perception 52 cross-langua
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Language Perception 54 ing that a w
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Language Perception 56 Perceptual g
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Language Perception 58 Social const
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Language Perception 60 Syntax After
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Language Perception 62 2002; Newpor
Page 83 and 84: Language Perception 64 Complex synt
Page 85 and 86: Language Perception 66 which these
Page 87 and 88: Language Perception 68 interaction
Page 89 and 90: Language Perception 70 only disrupt
Page 91 and 92: Language Perception 72 tic structur
Page 93 and 94: Specific Language Impairment 74 ind
Page 95 and 96: Specific Language Impairment 76 6.2
Page 97 and 98: Specific Language Impairment 78 6.3
Page 99 and 100: Specific Language Impairment 80 (Be
Page 101 and 102: Specific Language Impairment 82 ply
Page 103 and 104: Specific Language Impairment 84 mis
Page 105 and 106: Specific Language Impairment 86 the
Page 107 and 108: Electroencephalography and Event-Re
Page 109 and 110: Electroencephalography and Event-Re
Page 112: 8 Experiments I - IV: Introduction
Page 115 and 116: Experiment I 96 parents. 13 All chi
Page 117 and 118: Experiment I 98 patterns in short-t
Page 119 and 120: Experiment I 100 -1.02 μV, SEM =0.
Page 121 and 122: Experiment I 102 EAD Figure 9-3 Gra
Page 123 and 124: Experiment I 104 amplitude size of
Page 126 and 127: 10 Experiment II: Neural correlates
Page 128 and 129: Experiment II 109 Stimuli and parad
Page 130 and 131: Experiment II 111 tion of objects;
Page 132 and 133: Experiment II 113 amplitude in the
Page 136 and 137: Experiment II 117 negative) amplitu
Page 138 and 139: Experiment II 119 expectancy of a r
Page 140 and 141: Experiment II 121 physical judgemen
Page 142 and 143: 11 Experiment III: Neural correlate
Page 144 and 145: Experiment III 125 periment IV - wh
Page 146 and 147: Experiment III 127 cational backgro
Page 148 and 149: Experiment III 129 due to a differe
Page 150 and 151: Experiment III 131 scalp sites. Pla
Page 152 and 153: Experiment III 133 of syntactic reg
Page 154 and 155: Experiment III 135 Even though desc
Page 156: Experiment III 137 ion than in the
Page 159 and 160: Experiment IV 140 cluded), [2] they
Page 161 and 162: Experiment IV 142 12.3 Results Coho
Page 163 and 164: Experiment IV 144 Figure 12-3 summa
Page 165 and 166: Experiment IV 146 p < 0.001). In th
Page 167 and 168: Experiment IV 148 tion cross vs. si
Page 169 and 170: Experiment IV 150 anterior: F(1,39)
Page 171 and 172: Experiment IV 152 An N5 usually fol
Page 174 and 175: 13 Experiment I - IV: Development o
Page 176: Development of the Neural Correlate
Page 179 and 180: General Discussion 160 and Leonard,
Page 181 and 182: General Discussion 162 sent in the
Page 183 and 184: General Discussion 164 economic sta
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General Discussion 166 Friederici,
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General Discussion 168 year old chi
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Lists of figures and tables Figure
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References Abney, S. P. (1989). A c
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References 175 Bharucha, J. J., & S
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References 177 Brattico, E., Tervan
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References 179 Creel, S. C., Newpor
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References 181 Farrell, M. M., & Ph
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References 183 Friedrich, M., & Fri
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References 185 logie. Themenbereich
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References 187 Hoff, E., & Tian, C.
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References 189 Jones, M. R. (1982).
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References 191 Koelsch, S., & Siebe
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References 193 Leonard, L. B. (2000
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References 195 McMullen, E., & Saff
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References 197 Nobre, A. C., Coull,
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References 199 Peretz, I. (1990). P
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References 201 Roederer, J. (1984).
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References 203 Schöler, H. (2004).
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References 205 Sluming, V., Brooks,
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References 207 Thompson, W. F., Sch
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References 209 Trehub, S. E. (2003c
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References 211 Weinert, S. (1991).
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Appendix A-2 014 incorrect Das Nilp
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Appendix A-4 044 correct Der Rasen
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Appendix A-6 073 incorrect Die Medi
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Curriculum vitae Sebastian Jentschk
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Selbstständigkeitserklärung Hierm
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MPI Series in Human Cognitive and B
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32 André J. Szameitat Die Funktion
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63 Ann Pannekamp Prosodische Inform
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96 Marcel Braß Das inferior fronta
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