Neural Correlates of Processing Syntax in Music and ... - PubMan

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Experiment IV 143 part of the session (M= 603 ms). The difference in the reaction times between the parts was larger in the music session (M= 31 ms) than in the language session (M= 94 ms). The ANOVA for the reaction times revealed main effects of session (F(1,39) = 25.39, p < 0.001) and attention (F(1,39) = 35.81, p < 0.001), as well as an interaction of session × attention (F(1,39) = 6.40, p = 0.016), but it did not reveal any interactions with subgroup. This indicates that the children of both groups did not differ in their results in this task. ERP results Figure 12-1 presents the ERPs for the music experiment (upper panel) and the language experiment (lower panel) in the two subgroups: children with musical training (left) and children without musical training (right). In Figure 12-2, the scalp distributions of the four investigated ERP components are shown: In the upper panel the topographies of the ERP components from the music experiment (ERAN and N5), and in the lower panel these from the language experiment (ELAN and LSN) can be found. Within each panel, the left part contains the topographies from the MT children the right part these of the NM children. Figure 12-1 ERPs from the music (upper panel) and the language experiment (bottom panel): The group means are given in separate panels – from the group of musically trained children (MT) at the left side and from the group of children without musical training (NM) at the right side. In the upper rows of each panel the electrodes from the left-anterior ROI are shown, the bottom rows contain the electrodes of the right-anterior ROI. Black dotted lines represent the ERP response to the irregular chords (in the music experiment) or to the syntactically incorrect sentences (in the language experiment), black solid lines these to the regular chords or to the syntactically correct sentences. The red solid lines indicate the difference of these conditions. Electrodes that are contained in the ROIs used for statistical evaluation are written in black in the figure of their head position.
Experiment IV 144 Figure 12-3 summarizes the findings for all four investigated ERP components. The chart in the upper panel shows (for all four ROIs) the amplitude of the ERPs from the music experiment (ERAN and N5), the lower panel contains the corresponding data for the language experiment (ELAN and LSN). In the table below each chart, an overview of the results of the planned comparisons with user-defined contrasts is given. It is shown in which ROI the investigated ERP component was significant. Four different comparisons were reported at the table’s rows: It is indicated whether a significant difference was found, in the first line for the mean of both groups, in the third line for the MT group, and in the fourth line for the NM group. In the second line, it was determined if the amplitude in the MT group was larger than in the NM group. Figure 12-2 Scalp topographies of the investigated ERP components (ERAN, N5, ELAN, and LSN). The topographies are a spherical spline interpolation of the amplitude difference between either irregular and regular chords (ERAN and N5) or syntactically incorrect and correct sentences (ELAN and LSN). The time windows were the same as these used for statistical evaluation. In the upper panel the ERPs from the music experiment, in the bottom panel these from the language experiment are shown. For each ERP component the head plots from the children with musical training (MT) are on the left side, the these of the children without musical training (NM) on the right side. Music experiment ERAN: An ERAN was elicited in response to the irregular compared to regular chords at the end of a chord sequence (see Figure 12-1). It was most prominent at the electrodes of the anterior ROIs and had a slightly higher amplitudes over the right (M=
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Sebastian Jentschke: Neural Correla
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Gutachter der Arbeit Prof. Dr. Ange
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Table of contents 1 Introduction 1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS IX 7 Electroencep
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TABLE OF CONTENTS XI Abbreviations
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Zusammenfassung der wissenschaftlic
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1 Introduction Language and music a
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2 Music Perception Music is one of
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Music Perception 5 to her infant re
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Music Perception 7 chronize movemen
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Music Perception 9 at 5 years of ag
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Music Perception 11 keys related by
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Music Perception 13 Krumhansl and S
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Music Perception 15 tion. The proce
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Music Perception 17 MMN paradigms m
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Music Perception 19 In a study, emp
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Music Perception 21 2001a). Janata
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3 Musical Training Performing a pie
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Musical Training 25 Deliberate prac
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Musical Training 27 them to transfe
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Musical Training 29 can be found ev
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Musical Training 31 dition (and onl
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Musical Training 33 without substan
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Musical Training 35 such studies sh
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Musical Training 37 with regard to
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Music and Language 40 Brown (2000)
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Music and Language 42 ture (for a r
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Music and Language 44 Neural constr
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Music and Language 46 pitch registe
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Music and Language 48 functions. Th
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Music and Language 50 found from ve
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Language Perception 52 cross-langua
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Language Perception 54 ing that a w
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Language Perception 56 Perceptual g
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Language Perception 58 Social const
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Language Perception 60 Syntax After
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Language Perception 62 2002; Newpor
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Language Perception 64 Complex synt
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Language Perception 66 which these
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Language Perception 68 interaction
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Language Perception 70 only disrupt
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Language Perception 72 tic structur
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Specific Language Impairment 74 ind
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Specific Language Impairment 76 6.2
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Specific Language Impairment 78 6.3
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Specific Language Impairment 80 (Be
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Specific Language Impairment 82 ply
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Specific Language Impairment 84 mis
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Specific Language Impairment 86 the
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Electroencephalography and Event-Re
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Electroencephalography and Event-Re
Page 112: 8 Experiments I - IV: Introduction
Page 115 and 116: Experiment I 96 parents. 13 All chi
Page 117 and 118: Experiment I 98 patterns in short-t
Page 119 and 120: Experiment I 100 -1.02 μV, SEM =0.
Page 121 and 122: Experiment I 102 EAD Figure 9-3 Gra
Page 123 and 124: Experiment I 104 amplitude size of
Page 126 and 127: 10 Experiment II: Neural correlates
Page 128 and 129: Experiment II 109 Stimuli and parad
Page 130 and 131: Experiment II 111 tion of objects;
Page 132 and 133: Experiment II 113 amplitude in the
Page 134 and 135: Experiment II 115 as compared to no
Page 136 and 137: Experiment II 117 negative) amplitu
Page 138 and 139: Experiment II 119 expectancy of a r
Page 140 and 141: Experiment II 121 physical judgemen
Page 142 and 143: 11 Experiment III: Neural correlate
Page 144 and 145: Experiment III 125 periment IV - wh
Page 146 and 147: Experiment III 127 cational backgro
Page 148 and 149: Experiment III 129 due to a differe
Page 150 and 151: Experiment III 131 scalp sites. Pla
Page 152 and 153: Experiment III 133 of syntactic reg
Page 154 and 155: Experiment III 135 Even though desc
Page 156: Experiment III 137 ion than in the
Page 159 and 160: Experiment IV 140 cluded), [2] they
Page 161: Experiment IV 142 12.3 Results Coho
Page 165 and 166: Experiment IV 146 p < 0.001). In th
Page 167 and 168: Experiment IV 148 tion cross vs. si
Page 169 and 170: Experiment IV 150 anterior: F(1,39)
Page 171 and 172: Experiment IV 152 An N5 usually fol
Page 174 and 175: 13 Experiment I - IV: Development o
Page 176: Development of the Neural Correlate
Page 179 and 180: General Discussion 160 and Leonard,
Page 181 and 182: General Discussion 162 sent in the
Page 183 and 184: General Discussion 164 economic sta
Page 185 and 186: General Discussion 166 Friederici,
Page 187 and 188: General Discussion 168 year old chi
Page 190 and 191: Lists of figures and tables Figure
Page 192 and 193: References Abney, S. P. (1989). A c
Page 194 and 195: References 175 Bharucha, J. J., & S
Page 196 and 197: References 177 Brattico, E., Tervan
Page 198 and 199: References 179 Creel, S. C., Newpor
Page 200 and 201: References 181 Farrell, M. M., & Ph
Page 202 and 203: References 183 Friedrich, M., & Fri
Page 204 and 205: References 185 logie. Themenbereich
Page 206 and 207: References 187 Hoff, E., & Tian, C.
Page 208 and 209: References 189 Jones, M. R. (1982).
Page 210 and 211: References 191 Koelsch, S., & Siebe
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References 193 Leonard, L. B. (2000
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References 195 McMullen, E., & Saff
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References 197 Nobre, A. C., Coull,
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References 199 Peretz, I. (1990). P
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References 201 Roederer, J. (1984).
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References 203 Schöler, H. (2004).
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References 205 Sluming, V., Brooks,
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References 207 Thompson, W. F., Sch
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References 209 Trehub, S. E. (2003c
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References 211 Weinert, S. (1991).
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Appendix A-2 014 incorrect Das Nilp
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Appendix A-4 044 correct Der Rasen
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Appendix A-6 073 incorrect Die Medi
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Curriculum vitae Sebastian Jentschk
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Selbstständigkeitserklärung Hierm
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MPI Series in Human Cognitive and B
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32 André J. Szameitat Die Funktion
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63 Ann Pannekamp Prosodische Inform
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96 Marcel Braß Das inferior fronta
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