ConflictBarometer_2015

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ASIA AND OCEANIA PPP members were killed in a targeted attack. Throughout August, three MQM members were killed in Karachi, with MQM parliamentary leader Rashid Godil together with one relative being injured and a civilian being killed. In September, at least one PPP and four MQM members were killed and several suspects, including MQM activists, were arrested in Karachi. On October 29, members of PPP and MQM clashed using clubs and bricks in the city Sukkur, Sindh, leaving at least two people injured. Two days later, one MQM member was shot dead in Gulshan-e-Iqbal Town, Karachi. On November 13, two attacks with explosives took place in Lyari. The first targeted a PPP election office, while the second left at least six PPP members injured. As a part of the government's intervention efforts, ''Operation Karachi'' had been launched in September 2013 ''to fight terrorist and criminal activities'' in the area. On March 11, Sindh Rangers raided the ''Nine-Zero'' headquarters of the MQM in Karachi. One MQM member was killed and four high-profile functionaries arrested. In April, Sindh Rangers shot dead three allegedly hired gunmen with ties to MQM. On July 17, Sindh Chief Minister Syed Qaim Ali Shah extended the Sindh Rangers' stationing by one year. According to the Rangers' spokesperson, the paramilitary unit killed at least 350 ''terrorists'' and arrested over 10,000 suspects since the start of the operation until July 8. aho PAKISTAN (INTER-ISLAMIST RIVALRY) Intensity: 3 | Change: | Start: 2010 Conflict parties: Conflict items: TTP vs. LI vs. TNSM vs. AMNAM system/ideology, subnational predominance The violent crisis over ideology and subnational predominance in Pakistan's northwest between the Islamist militant groups Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e- Shariat-e-Mohammadi (TNSM), and Amr bil Maroof wa Nahi Anil Munkar (AMNAM) continued. However, in the course of the year, several Islamist groups also allied with the TTP. On March 12, leaders of Jamaat-ul- Ahrar (JuA) led by Khalid Khorasani and the militant group Lashkar-e-Islam (LI) led by Mangal Bagh pledged allegiance to TTP in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. JuA had been formed in 2014 after several factions had seceded from the TTP due to internal disagreements [→ Pakistan (Islamist militant groups)]. According to TTP's spokesperson Muhammad Khurasani, three outfits, namely Qari Ihsan Group, Shikari Group, and Abdus Samad Group united with the TTP in South Waziristan Agency, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) on May 6. The groups promised to abide by the central command of TTP's leader Mullah Fazlullah. Throughout the year, at least seven people were killed and three were injured in clashes between militant groups. On April 6, militants shot dead two members of TTP in Kurram Agency, FATA. One week later, a clash between AMNAM and LI members in Khyber Agency, FATA, left five militants dead and three injured. Among the dead were LI commander Shahmat Khan and two AMNAM commanders. In May, the imprisoned leader of TNSM, Maulana Sufi Mohammad, issued an informal decree challenging the Muslim denomination of TTP members for not fulfilling the ''Prophet's definition.'' Furthermore, he advised his supporters to boycott the group. The statement was written on 12/20/14, shortly after an Army Public School in Peshawar had been attacked by TTP militants [→ Pakistan (Islamist militant groups)]. sma PAKISTAN (ISLAMIST MILITANT GROUPS) Intensity: 5 | Change: | Start: 2001 Conflict parties: Conflict items: TTP, LI, al-Qaeda, Haqqani Network vs. government system/ideology, national power The war over national power and the orientation of the political system between various Islamist militant groups such as al-Qaeda, Lashkar-e-Islam (LI), the Haqqani Network, and, most prominently, the Tehrik-e-Taliban (TTP), on the one hand, and the government, supported by the USA, on the other, continued. On March 14, LI announced to join the TTP [→ Pakistan (inter-Islamist violence)]. By August, the Islamist Movement of Uzbekistan's leader Usmon Ghazi had taken an oath of allegiance to the so-called Islamic State [→ Syria, Iraq et al. (IS)]. No attacks by the group were reported in <strong>2015</strong> in Pakistan. The conflict claimed the lives of at least 3,000 people, with US-operated drone-strikes killing at least 60 militants of various networks, for example of the TTP and al-Qaeda, in North and South Waziristan Agency, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) [→ USA Pakistan]. As of July, the number of IDPs figured up to more than 1.5 million. The heaviest clashes between security forces and militants occurred in FATA, albeit the number of attacks in other provinces increased. Militants mainly targeted key army and police installations. For example, on September 18, 14 TTP militants with automatic rifles and light weapons such as RPGs stormed into a Pakistan Air Force (PAF) camp in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkwa (KP), killing 23 PAF members, three army personnel, and three civilians. All attackers were killed. Militants also targeted politicians. For example, on May 31, three TTP militants killed PLM-N party member Rana Shamshad and two civilians in Gujranwala, Punjab state. On August 16, alleged LI militants conducted a suicide attack on Punjab Home Minister Shuja Khanzada at his political office in Attock district, Punjab, killing him and 16 others. Throughout the year, various militant groups, most prominently TTP, conducted at least 20 attacks on polio health workers mainly in remote areas of KP and FATA as well as Karachi, Sindh province. For example, on February 17, a health worker and three other people were found dead in Balochistan province after having been abducted four days earlier. A month later, three people, among them two health workers, were shot dead in Mansehra city, KP. Since 2012, Islamist militant groups targeted polio workers, accusing them of being spies and sickening and sterilizing locals through vaccinations. On January 6, the two legislative houses of Pakistan passed the 21st constitutional amendment and an amendment to the Pakistan Army Act, setting up speedy-trial military courts for two years and extending their jurisdiction to terrorismrelated offences. The measure was part of a national action plan to combat terrorism, which had been initiated by the government after the December 2014 attack on the Army 152
PAKISTAN (ISLAMIST MILITANT GROUPS) January February March April May June July August September October November December NO VIOLENT CONFLICT MEASURES VIOLENT CRISIS LIMITED WAR WAR data: HIIK map: jok
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2015 disputes non-violent crises vi
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CONFLICT BAROMETER I 2015 Analyzed
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AUTHORS AND EDITORIAL BOARD EUROPE
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Methodology
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In addition to the three constituti
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Global Conflict Panorama
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VIOLENT CONFLICTS IN 2015 (SUBNATIO
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GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GLOBAL CONFLICT
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GLOBAL CONFLICT PANORAMA ANALYSIS I
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GLOBAL CONFLICT PANORAMA COUPS D'É
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MEASURES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION NEG
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MEASURES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION adv
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MEASURES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION rit
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MEASURES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION AUT
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MEASURES OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION Dur
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CONFLICT ISSUES INTERNATIONAL POWER
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CONFLICT ISSUES as well as Hungary
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CONFLICT ISSUES between the House o
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CONFLICT ISSUES Maghreb were fought
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VIOLENT SUBNATIONAL PREDOMINANCE CO
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NATURAL RESOURCE CONFLICTS IN 2015
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VIOLENT CONFLICTS IN EUROPE IN 2015
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EUROPE they envisaged the region's
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EUROPE Name of conflict 1 Conflict
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EUROPE Lukashenka, on the other, co
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EUROPE GREECE (SOCIAL PROTESTS, LEF
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EUROPE Bridge in Moscow. Subsequent
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EUROPE MP Donika Kadaj-Bujupi was a
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EUROPE of movement and speech, paym
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EUROPE In mid-July, the government
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Sub-Saharan Africa
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Counting 97, the
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Overview: Confli
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Name of conflict
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Thousands of peo
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA attacking Kayanz
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA The conflict ove
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA 300 people died,
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA to withdraw from
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA and 16 months, r
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA latter signed th
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA recurring attack
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NIGERIA, CAMEROON, CHAD, NIGER (BOK
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA the constitution
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Farah Aden, form
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA March 8. On Marc
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA claimed to have
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA killed 16 people
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA to sign a compre
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SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Renewal had been
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VIOLENT CONFLICTS IN THE AMERICAS I
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Page 199 and 200: YEMEN, SAUDI ARABIA (AL-HOUTHI) Jan
Page 201 and 202: IMPRINT ADVISORY BOARD Dr. Nadine A
Page 203: Heidelberg Institute for Internatio
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